In the pre-Qin period, far away from our time, bronze utensils were prevalent, which was more exploratory. Wine containers, drinking vessels, water containers, and food vessels, we have talked about them step by step before, and today we will look at a bronze "Dun". There are many ancient sounds of "atsu" in the world, and it is said that there are as many as 10 of them, but only two have been handed down to this day. What exactly does Bronze Dun refer to, the "Dun" of Bronze Dun does not read dūn, how to read it specifically, and what does "Zhu Pan Yudun" mean, today we will take a serious look.
1. The evolution of the glyph of "Dun".
The oracle bone glyph of "Dun" is composed of two parts, the top resembles a pot, and the bottom resembles a sheep with two horns. The gold glyph has a lid on the top pot, and the lower part is more horizontal than the sheep shape. Some gold glyphs have a hand added to the right, indicating that the mutton is put into the pot to boil, and the original meaning is to indicate the food vessel for steaming. In the small seal font, the upper part of the left is similar to a point and a horizontal, the lower part has a mouth, and then there is a circle under the mouth, the bottom of a sheep, and the right glyph is similar to the word "branch". Later, in the Qin system of slips, "sheep" became "son", and after simplification again, "branch" became "夂", so the italic version of "Dun" appeared.
2. What does the bronze "Dun" refer to?
Speaking of "Dun", I have to mention the pre-Qin food utensils, which were the first to hold meat and the food to be cooked, which was the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Ding Gui was no longer used and became "Dun", which was roughly prevalent from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the late Warring States period. Later, after the Warring States period, it was the "box", which is the so-called "food box". What is the specific image of the bronze "Dun", the whole is like a "bronze ball", the western round foot or three legs, round body, the upper and lower hemispheres are combined, the upper is the cover, the lower is the instrument, and the ears are double-ringed. The later "Dun" is a bit like a "jar".
3. What does "Zhu Pan Yudun" mean?
"Zhu Pan Yudun", which can be written as "Zhu Pan Yu Dun", the original source is "Zhu Pan Yu Dun", from "Zhou Li, Tianguan, Jade Mansion", the original text is: "If the princes are together, then the total Zhu Pan Yudun." "Bead plate" refers to a plate decorated with pearls. Yudun refers to a container made of jade. Taken together, Zhu Pan Yudun is a ritual instrument used to refer to the blood of the Son of Heaven and the princes when they are allied.
Fourth, the use of the word "Dun" in ancient literature
"Yougu Miscellaneous Songs" its third Gen Cen
[Qing] Quanwan
Under the end of the gencen, the gencen is dignified and respectful.
Sending a message to the neighbors and friends in the east, and to teach children and grandchildren by marriage.
Jielu refers to the construction of a house. 艮岑 (gèn cén), refers to the high mountains in the northeast. A message is a word that is conveyed orally or in writing. The gist of the poem: "Build a house at the foot of Gencen Mountain and live in seclusion, Gencen Mountain is solemn and tall and majestic. Write a letter to your neighbor in the east, urging him to complete the marriage as soon as possible, and then teach his children and grandchildren. The author of this poem, Quan Wan, a Korean in the Qing Dynasty, is called Wen Xingtang. He is the author of "Wuchuan Academy, Wangpu Old Qinglin Ruins" and "Jiangzuo Collection" volume 1. This is a miscellaneous poem, and the object is Genzen Mountain.
The poet begins by pointing out his seclusion - Gencen Mountain, and the second sentence describes the tall, majestic and solemn Gencen with "dun and respectful". The third and fourth sentences return to life, describing the feelings of friends, in order to urge friends to marry and educate their children and grandchildren as soon as possible, showing their concern for friends, which shows the depth of friendship between the two.
5. How to read the bronze "Dun"?
Correct pronunciation: duì
Homophone: Right
Radical: 夂
Structure: Left and right structure
VI. Conclusion
Chinese culture is broad and profound, and eating utensils have a long history. From ritual utensils, food utensils, wine utensils, drinking utensils to other living utensils, it is not only the result of the creation of working people, but also the continuation of cultural inheritance. The change from food utensils to ritual utensils, and the decentralization of ritual utensils to food utensils, all show that civilization is developing and culture is inheriting. The "Dun" of Bronze Dun to the "Dun" of Dunhou, from utensils to characters, from texture to character, are the result of the evolution of writing culture. Chinese culture is worth praising and carrying forward. As a Chinese person, he uses Chinese utensils to write Chinese characters and shape Chinese souls.