The great poet Du Fu left us so many precious poems, so that we can know the general situation of the Tang Dynasty without reading that thick history. Du Fu is a poet saint, and his poetry deserves to be called the history of poetry.
But it was such a great poet whose life was unfortunate. In addition to the fact that his family was quite wealthy when he was young, his career was not smooth, his family became increasingly poor, and he even relied on friends to sponsor him, and finally drifted to Hunan, starved and passed away.
Du Fu is a very practical person, he will not hide his face, and when he is so poor that he can't open the pot, he will also tell it. To what extent Du Fu is poor, these poems say that the world is hot and cold, we can know a rough idea.
Returning to the day and the spring clothes, the river head is drunk every day
Wine debts are commonplace, and life is rare for seventy years
- Du Fu "Two Songs of Qujiang"
The pinnacle of his life was to do left to collect from Tang Suzong, he was very serious and often gave opinions. Tang Suzong thought he had a lot of things to do and was very cold to him. Du Fu was in a bad mood, and when he came back from the previous dynasty, he borrowed wine to kill his sorrows.
As a petty official, the salary is not enough to support the family. To drink, there is only pawn clothing, and there are liquor debts everywhere.
No well freeze in the morning, no clothes bed cold at night.
I'm afraid of being shy when my bag is empty, so I have to keep a penny to watch.
- Du Fu's "Empty Bag"
In the morning, the fire could not be turned on, and the stoves were frozen. At night, I had no clothes and quilts, and I woke up from sleep. Penniless, but afraid of being laughed at, he always has a penny in his pocket.
Half of the century has passed, and the autumn solstice turns to hunger and cold.
In order to ask Peng Zhoumu, when will he be rescued?
- Du Fu "Because Cui Wushou Yu sent Gao Pengzhou"
Du Fu and Li Bai and Gao Shi are good friends, and they once traveled together. Later, Gao Shi was admitted to the Jinshi and became an official. When Du Fu was so poor that he had no rice to cook, he asked Cui Wu to bring a short poem and hand it to Gao Shi for help.
At this time, Gao Shi was appointed as the pastor of Pengzhou, and Du Fu asked him what time it was now, and you still don't get some food to help the emergency.
The entry was screaming, and the young son was starving.
I would rather mourn, and the alleys also whimpered.
He is ashamed to be a father, and he died without food.
——Du Fu "Five Hundred Words of Yonghuai from Beijing to Fengxian County"
Du Fu went home to visit relatives, and as soon as he entered the door, he heard a sour cry, and it turned out that his youngest son was starving to death. Du Fu was very sad, and the neighbors were also whimpering and crying. How ashamed a father is that he has no ability to support his children.
The old man of Houlu is cut off, and the child is desolate
If you want to fill the ravine, you can only let go, and the self-laughing madman is even more crazy
——Du Fu "Mad Husband"
When Du Fu first arrived in Chengdu, he was given Lu rice by Yin Yanwu, the envoy of Jiedu and the governor, and his official position was much greater than that of Gao Shi. But once this old man of Houlu had no time to take care of it and cut off the correspondence, Du Fu had no support, and he would starve for a long time, no wonder his son was so hungry that his face turned pale.
Towards the door of the rich children, with the fat horse dust at dusk.
The remnants of the cup and the cold burn, everywhere lurking sorrow.
——Du Fu "Twenty-two Rhymes for Wei Zuo Chengzhang"
Du Fu has been in Chang'an for more than ten years, asking for recommendations everywhere. Knocking on the door of a rich man in the morning, following the dust trampled by a fat horse at night, eating other people's leftovers, looking at other people's faces, paying for the heat and coldness of the world, is simply living a beggar's life.
The cloth has been cold like iron for many years, and Jiao'er is wicked and cracked
There is no dry place in the bedside room, and the rain feet are like hemp and have not been broken
——Excerpt from Du Fu's "Song of the Thatched House Broken by the Autumn Wind"
A thin quilt was torn by the child, and the sleep was as cold as ice. The wind blew, and the hut leaked and there was no money to repair it, and there was no dry place in the house, and the rain feet never stopped like twine.
The long shovel is long and the shovel is white with a wooden handle, and I give birth to a child for my life
Huang Dumiao Mountain is full of snow, and the number of short clothes cannot hide his shins
At this time, he returned with Zikong, and the men and women groaned quietly
- Du Fu "Qianyuan Zhong Lives in Tonggu County and Composes Seven Songs"
Du Fu made a living by eating Huang Du and soil potatoes in Tonggu. He said, "Long shovel, long shovel, you have a white handle, and now the whole family depends on you to dig up some wild vegetables to survive."
It snowed heavily here in October, and Huang Du was covered with frozen snow, and he couldn't find how to dig the seedlings, so he only starved. The snow was windy, and the clothes were torn and short, and they couldn't cover their calves. Du Fu returned empty-handed with a shovel, and the men and women in the family were so hungry that they cried.
He is often a guest in the sad autumn, and he has been on stage alone for more than a hundred years
Hardship, bitterness, hatred, frost and sideburns, pouring down a new turbid wine glass
- Du Fu "Ascending"
The world is difficult, and Du Fu doesn't know how many hardships he has experienced, so that his hair has turned white. I was able to drink to relieve my sorrows, but now I am sick, coupled with the difficulties of life, I have to quit drinking in old age.
Relatives and friends have no words, and the old and sick have a lonely boat.
Rongmaguan Mountain North, with Xuan Si Liu.
——Du Fu "Ascending Yueyang Tower"
Du Fu was fifty-seven years old when he went to Jiangnan, and he was in the old age of his life. At this time, he was suffering from lung disease, paralysis, and deafness in his right ear, and the family was unable to move, so they basically lived in a boat.
Relatives and friends have cut off contact, and there is no news. He was loyal, and had worked hard and diligently at the court, but now that he was in trouble, no one remembered or helped him a little. Du Fu was completely forgotten, he was desperate, and he felt very painful and lonely.
Zhumen's wine and meat stink, and there are frozen bones on the road.
——Excerpt from Du Fu's "Five Hundred Words of Yonghuai from Beijing to Fengxian County"
Du Fu has the world in mind, this is the reality he recorded. There is a huge disparity between the rich and the poor, those rich families can't eat all the wine and meat, and they all spoil, and many of the poor are starving to death on the road.
Tens of millions of Ande mansions,
Sheltering the world, the poor are happy.
- Du Fu "The Song of the Thatched House Broken by the Autumn Wind"
Even if Du Fu is so poor, he still has to think about others. When you have money, you must build a lot of high-rise buildings, so that the poor people in the world can have houses to live in and live happily.
Du Fu is too poor, and reading his poems makes people feel uncalm for a long time.