Introduction: "
The Welche submersible continued to dive to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, where the clear blue waters gradually deepened.
What are the mysteries of such waters?
What kind of extreme environment is it?
Today we will take you to uncover this mystery.
The detection process of the Verche.
On January 23, 1970, the "Verche" descended to the measurement position at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, and in order to record the fact of this moment, Holloway hand-scribbled a series of long-awaited words and numbers on the two spherical shells of the submersible module.
At the lower end of the outermost spherical shell, Holloway faced the vast abyss and painstakingly engraved the words "Welche into the abyss".
At the lower end of the inner shell, in addition to the depth of the water at the bottom of the Mariana Trench and its location, Holloway also leaves a mysterious four-line small letter, like a "hidden poem" of the scientific community.
The four lines of small print quickly sank to the ground 11 kilometers above the surface with the loud noise made by the Verche screw propulsion inside the submersible, and the Verche explored the secrets of the Mariana Trench with the Verche.
Although Holloway was killed a few months later, the Welche's trail continued to dive in an "unmanned" direction, all the way to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, collecting rare data for scientists exploring the state of the sea.
The real descent of Verche to the abyss of the Mariana Trench was not in 1970, but four years ago, in 1966, when Holloway had smeared the data on the spherical hull of the Verche in advance, but at that time he recorded a distance of 10.91 kilometers not at 11 kilometers.
Mariana Trench.
When Holloway died in 1963, Joe Marchisk, the engineer who assisted him in the modification of the Welche, not only personally smeared the sequence of numbers on the Hull of the Welche, but also recorded the entire sequence in his own memorial book, so that Holloway's record of "the team's rescue device in the deep sea" is still on his memorial book.
Holloway's recorded data With the continuous dive of the Verche over the years, the true situation of the deep sea has finally been revealed, and researchers have calculated according to the recorded data that the Mariana Trench in 1960 was actually not 11,034 meters deep, because the record error at that time was large, so Holloway would mistakenly think that the distance to the depths of the ocean was so far, in fact, the depth of the trench was only 10,971 meters.
In 1960, the 3,000-ton nuclear submarine "Trieste" descended into the Mariana Trench until its submersible module descended to a depth of 10,452 meters above the surface and dropped a real water diamond, marking the location of the closest submarine rock bulge to the surface in the Mariana Trench.
Later, scientists made calculations based on this marker, and finally confirmed that the water depth in the Mariana Trench was 10,917 meters, which was also a new breakthrough in the history of human exploration.
In addition to the information left by the Verche, there is also a record of the "Trieste" diving into the Mariana Trench in the 60s of the last century, and the two data are almost the same, so the water depth of the Mariana Trench is now recognized by scientists as 10,911 meters.
When the Verche descended into the deep ocean, the temperature of the sea water and the surrounding area began to rise rapidly, and by the time it reached 400 meters from the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the temperature inside the submersible chamber had reached a suitable body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius, while the temperature outside the submarine did not change much as it got closer to the bottom of the sea, at 2 degrees Celsius.
Changes in water temperature.
After reaching the seabed, the temperature inside and outside the submersible chamber began to gradually decrease, until the submersible capsule descended to the closest position to the seabed, and the temperature remained at the level of 1.7 degrees Celsius.
As the Verche descended, the narrow channel of the Mariana Trench was clearly visible, and the current flowed slowly in transparent light and shadow as if it had been seen through.
This has also led researchers to speculate about the general situation of the seabed of the Mariana Trench, believing that the seabed of the Mariana Trench is probably covered by a thick layer of sediment, but these sediments do not help people to continue to explore in the future, but since the Walche dived, under its "path", human exploration of the Mariana Trench has taken another step.
The water in the Mariana Trench has always been very dark blue, if you observe it from the air, you can see that the sea water gradually changes from light blue to dark blue, and then the dark blue water gradually turns black, which also indicates that the water temperature of the Mariana Trench is extremely low, either because the temperature of the sea water is too low to be reflected by the warm air of the atmosphere, so it looks like a warm black, or because the bottom of the sea itself is black, so it is regarded as a deep black sea.
However, according to the data brought back by the Verche, there is no living thing in the sea water below the kilometer, and all the light reflected by the matter is swallowed by the seawater, which also leads everyone to the most intuitive conclusion: the Mariana Trench is definitely a sea water with extremely low temperatures!
According to a series of explorations and observations carried out by the Verche, the temperature in the Mariana Trench is basically unchanged, and the temperature is always the same in summer and winter.
Epilogue:
The Maria Trench is a mysterious and uncharted place, so scientists will explore it repeatedly, and only by continuous exploration can it be possible to discover the mysteries contained in it!
The exploration of the Mariana Trench will continue!
This is also a kind of respect for researchers.