Since 1928, the Soviet Union has carried out two "five-year period" national economic plans, and the Soviet Union has easily completed its own industrialization with two five-year plans, especially in the field of heavy industry, which has been at the world's first-class level.
So, why was it that during the Republic of China, the "golden decade" that the government engaged in couldn't even build cannons?
In fact, this was a wrongful blow to the government, which at that time could not only manufacture guns and artillery, but also military bombers, transport planes, fighter planes, and warships.
Central Hangzhou Jianqiao Aircraft Factory production workshop
For example, in 1934, the Central Hangzhou Jianqiao Aircraft Factory, which was put into operation in Hangzhou, was a leading aircraft factory in China, introducing foreign production management experience, and United States engineers were responsible for supervising and guiding.
At that time, the central Hangzhou Jianqiao Aircraft Factory could not only produce Hawk-3 fighters, but also military models such as Northrop bombers, Douglas reconnaissance planes, and Voltie bombers.
At the same time, the state government also established an aero-engine manufacturing plant in Guizhou, specializing in the manufacture of aero engines, to make up for the gap in key technologies, but the domestic war situation was turbulent, and the aero-engine industry was once blocked.
However, because the core technology was stuck by foreigners, it led to heavy industry during the Republic of China. In particular, the national defense heavy industry has not formed a system at all, such as machinery and machine tools must be imported from abroad, and core components such as aircraft engines cannot be manufactured in China.
At that time, many warlords had their own arsenals, such as the Shenyang Arsenal established by Zhang Zuolin, the king of Northeast China, which could directly produce 150 mm caliber heavy artillery.
Then, Chen Jitang, a warlord in Guangdong, also introduced the industrial technology of self-made 105 mm heavy artillery and built the Pajiang Cannon Factory.
There is also the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan, although he is indeed not good, but he opened his own arsenal, and also made a batch of 150 mm howitzers, this cannon is still collected in the Nanjing University of Science and Technology Weapons Museum, is considered to be the treasure of the town.
Before the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, although the Nationalist Government said that it had completed the formal unification of the whole country, it actually controlled only the two lakes and Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai in terms of economy, and relied on the customs revenue of the whole of China to control it, and had a huge financial capital intake.
However, even if such conditions existed, the arsenal directly under the Nationalist Government could only produce a small number of mountain artillery, mortars and rifles of the late Qing Dynasty.
The water of the golden decade is too great to be compared with the Soviet Union.
At that time, the Soviet Union was already a completely unified country, and its foundation was not bad, even if it fell behind, it was still at the level of a great power. During the construction period, it was relatively peaceful, and the economic crisis also took the opportunity to develop a wave of industry; After the production capacity of the USSR was largely restored.
The Soviet authorities integrated the human and financial resources of the whole country to carry out industrialization, and the vast number of cadres and people were very willing to tighten their belts and engage in industrial construction, and naturally they quickly achieved industrialization.
On the other hand, the government of the Republic of China could not even collect the taxes of warlords in various places, and it was still a typical semi-colonial and semi-feudal country, which was inferior to the Soviet Union in terms of national foundation.
At the same time, there is another important point worth noting. After nominally unifying the country, Chiang was still compensating the Qing Dynasty for war reparations, because of the lack of control over the people, almost all agricultural taxes went to the landlords and warlords.
Since he could not collect agricultural taxes, Chiang used his military power to strictly control customs taxes. At that time, 70% of the revenue of the Nanjing government was supported by tariffs, 20% was supported by the export of raw materials (such as tungsten sand, etc.), and one achievement was salt.
However, once the country engages in large-scale industrialization, it will not be able to import, and without imported materials, tariff revenues will be greatly affected, or even tariff revenues.
Therefore, in order to be able to make money, the Nanjing government actually implemented a de-industrialization policy.
On the surface, industrial construction was promoted in the golden decade, but more development was carried out in some OEM and light industry industries, and the key technologies and products of heavy industry were still in the hands of foreigners.
Therefore, during the period of the Republic of China, you will hear a lot of names with "foreign", such as foreign lines, foreign guns and cannons, domestic matches become foreign fire, domestic screws become foreign nails, and domestic lime will be turned into foreign ash......
Even in the cigarette industry during the Republic of China, domestic cigarettes were squeezed by the United Kingdom's Hardman and the Old Knife brand (to be honest, Old Knife brand cigarettes often appear in film and television dramas, and I always thought they were domestic) There is no market at all.
As long as there is a frenzy of imports, the government's tariff revenue will become higher. Therefore, on the eve of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the government had no intention of vigorously developing the heavy industry for national defense from the beginning to the end, let alone compare it with the Soviet Union.
The golden decade of the Republic of China is essentially fake, and industrialization is impossible to talk about!