(The content of this article is based on authoritative sources, and there are literature citation sources at the end of the article)
In 1956, Qian Xuesen, president of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense of China, was about to leave after discussing work with Marshal Nie Rongzhen, and took a blue car with advanced performance.
Seeing this, Nie Rongzhen solemnly ordered the secretary to replace the car immediately, why is this?
Return
In 1955, after a series of twists and turns, Qian Xuesen arrived in Beijing.
After returning to China, Qian Xuesen did not take a moment to rest, he was well aware of the country's expectations and missions for him, and quickly devoted himself to China's scientific research.
Qian Xuesen first went to the northeast for an inspection tour, the purpose of which was to understand China's current situation in missile and rocket technology and to assess its existing scientific research capabilities and technological level.
Qian Xuesen visited a number of scientific research units and factories, communicated with front-line researchers and skilled workers, and learned about their work progress and difficulties.
After the inspection, he quickly reported the situation to the central authorities, pointed out China's huge gap in missile and rocket technology, and put forward specific suggestions for improvement.
The Chinese Academy of Sciences held an important meeting, at which it was decided to establish a Institute of Mechanics based on Qian Xuesen's scientific thoughts.
The establishment of this institute marks an important step forward in China's research on missile and rocket technology. Qian Xuesen was appointed as the director of the institute and was fully responsible for the construction and development of the institute.
The establishment of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense is a milestone in China's missile and rocket research, and Qian Xuesen has been appointed as the chief scientific research leader, taking overall responsibility for the scientific research work of the research institute.
The main task of the Fifth Research Institute is to develop strategic missile and rocket technology, and Qian Xuesen is well aware of the arduousness of the task; he has worked day and night, presided over various scientific research projects, and led the team to overcome one technical difficulty after another.
In the early days of the establishment of the institute, due to the technological blockade of China by Western countries, scientific research faced great difficulties. Many researchers have incomplete knowledge systems and often feel inadequate in their work.
On the one hand, Qian Xuesen is in charge of scientific research, and on the other hand, he also has to train scientific research personnel. He spends his evenings teaching the basics of missile and rocket technology to scientific researchers and helping them build a complete body of knowledge.
In addition to his daily scientific research work, Qian Xuesen often participates in front-line experiments. During a critical missile test, the results did not meet expectations due to deviations in technical parameters.
Faced with this situation, Qian Xuesen was not discouraged, and he personally led the team to repeatedly analyze the experimental data to find the problem. After countless experiments and adjustments, the technical problems were finally solved, and the experiment was successful.
In 1957, the Central Committee decided to award Qian Xuesen the first prize of the National Natural Science Award in recognition of his outstanding contributions to missile and rocket technology research.
Nie Rongzhen's care
After returning to China, Qian Xuesen devoted himself to scientific research, working day and night, with almost no time to rest. Marshal Nie Rongzhen saw this in his eyes and kept it in mind.
As the direct leader of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, Nie Rongzhen is well aware of Qian Xuesen's importance to China's missile industry.
In order to protect Qian Xuesen's work and life, Nie Rongzhen decided to take a series of measures to ensure his safety and health.
One day, after Qian Xuesen finished reporting to Nie Rongzhen, when he was about to leave, Nie Rongzhen saw Qian Xuesen walking out of the door and felt that it was inappropriate.
He immediately instructed his secretary Fan Jisheng to arrange a special car for Qian Xuesen. After Fan Jisheng received the task, he attached great importance to it, and after careful selection, he selected a blue car with the most advanced performance for Qian Xuesen at that time.
However, when Nie Rongzhen saw this conspicuous blue sedan, he immediately felt uneasy. He said to Fan Jisheng solemnly: "This car is too eye-catching, it is easy to become the target of spies, replace it quickly." ”
After hearing this, Fan Jisheng realized the seriousness of the problem, and changed a specially modified black car for Qian Xuesen that night.
The new sedan has a low-key appearance, but extremely high safety performance, which meets Nie Rongzhen's strict safety requirements. Qian Xuesen understood this arrangement and accepted the car.
In order to further ensure Qian Xuesen's safety, Nie Rongzhen also arranged a series of personal protection measures.
Qian Xuesen was stationed next to a security guard, who had served as Chairman Mao's guard, had rich experience and a strong sense of responsibility, and ensured Qian Xuesen's safety in his daily travel.
Not only that, Nie Rongzhen also paid special attention to Qian Xuesen's working environment and living conditions. He instructed the relevant departments to provide Qian Xuesen with the best scientific research equipment and working conditions to ensure that he could carry out scientific research work in the best condition.
The scientific research facilities of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, where Qian Xuesen works, have been continuously upgraded, and all kinds of advanced instruments and equipment have been put in place one after another, providing strong support for scientific research work.
Qian Xuesen presided over heavy scientific research work during the day and gave lectures to scientific researchers at night.
In order to lighten his burden, Nie Rongzhen specially arranged assistants and secretaries to help Qian Xuesen deal with daily affairs, so that he could concentrate on scientific research.
"Two bombs combined"
Qian Xuesen has made great achievements in the field of Chinese missile and rocket technology, but he is not satisfied with this.
In 1964, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb. This feat greatly encouraged the people of the whole country, and at the same time made Qian Xuesen realize that only when the atomic bomb is combined with missiles can it truly form a nuclear deterrent.
Therefore, he put forward the famous strategy of "combining the two bombs," which advocated the close integration of the atomic bomb with missile technology to enhance the country's national defense strength.
After proposing this strategy, Qian Xuesen acted quickly. He led the team to conduct in-depth research on the combination of atomic bomb and missile technology, and formulated a detailed research and development plan.
In order to achieve this goal, in 1965, China established the Ministry of Missile Industry, which was declared to be the Seventh Aircraft Department, with Qian Xuesen in charge, and was specifically responsible for the development of atomic bomb delivery missiles.
Qian Xuesen's team began painstaking research and experimentation. The biggest challenge they faced was how to load and successfully detonate an atomic bomb on a missile.
This work requires solving a series of complex technical problems, including the flight stability of missiles, the loading and protection of nuclear warheads, and the detonation mechanism of nuclear explosions.
After many failures and adjustments, on October 27, 1966, China conducted its first "two-bomb combination" test at the test site in the northwest.
This test is not only a test of missile technology, but also an important verification of the "Qian Xuesen's ballistics" proposed by Qian Xuesen.
With the successful launch of the missile, everyone's hearts hung in the air. A few minutes later, information came from a long range that the missile had delivered the nuclear warhead to the intended location with unerring accuracy and successfully detonated.
At this moment, enthusiastic cheers erupted in the test site, and China truly possessed nuclear weapons with nuclear deterrence.
The success of the "combination of the two bombs" has greatly shocked the international community and greatly enhanced China's status in the international arena.
This achievement is not only a leap forward in China's defense science and technology, but also marks that China has reached the world's advanced level in the field of nuclear weapons and missile technology.
In recognition of Qian Xuesen's outstanding contributions in the "combination of the two bombs", the state awarded him a series of honors and awards.
Qian Xuesen's success has also inspired countless young scientific and technological workers to devote themselves to the scientific research of the motherland and inherit and carry forward his scientific spirit and patriotic feelings.
After the success of the "combination of two bombs", Qian Xuesen did not stop. He continued to lead the team to conduct more in-depth research to further improve the range and accuracy of the missile.
At the same time, he also actively participated in other major scientific and technological projects of the country, and made continuous contributions to China's scientific and technological progress and national defense construction.
Qian Xuesen continues to play a key role in the country's important activities.
He is often invited to participate in international scientific and technological exchange activities, communicate with scientists from all over the world, share China's scientific and technological achievements, and learn from international advanced experience, so as to provide new ideas and methods for China's scientific and technological development.
Under his promotion, China's scientific and technological undertakings have flourished and achieved a series of achievements that have attracted worldwide attention.
Resources:
1. Qian Xuesen, the "father of aerospace", passed away. Sina.com [Citation date: 2022-12-05]
2. Remembering Qian Xuesen|50 years of loyalty and responsibility. China Academy of Space Technology [Citation date:2022-12-04]