One hundred and forty-one issue
Dream Village: The birthplace of the Tujia hand-waving dance
Coordinates: Keda Township Kezhai Village
Overlooking the guest village. Photo by Wu Yamin
Surrounded by mountains, lush vegetation, clouds and mist, and pleasant in all seasons, Kedaxiang Kezhai Village is like a piece of green jade, inlaid in the majestic and majestic west foot of Bamian Mountain, and the east bank of the flowing Youshui River. The village is located at the junction of Chongqing and Hunan provinces, located in Hunan Longshan "Liye Qinjian", Youyang "Daxi Culture", Tujia hand-dancing cultural delta zone, with a long history, beautiful natural scenery, strong ethnic customs, now governs 6 natural groups, nearly 2000 people, 10 kilometers away from the township government station, 107 kilometers away from the county seat, is a paradise that is "raised in the deep boudoir people do not know".
The history goes back a long way
During the period of Emperor Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty, the ancestors of the Tian clan in Chenzhou (Yuanling) in Hunan Province went up the Yuan River and settled in Kezhai Village in the Youshui River Basin. Later, the surname Peng and the surname Nie also moved here successively, because the residents on the village all moved from other places and called themselves "Hakka people", so the village was named "Hakka Village". After 1949, Kezhai Village was successively subordinated to Keda Township and Xinxi Township. In 2001, it was reclassified into Keda Township, and in December 2003, Xiazhai Village was merged into Kezhai Village.
Scenery of the guest village. Profile picture
Mountains on all sides can resist danger, animals can hunt in herds, the land is fertile and good to cultivate, firewood and water are cheap to live, plough the field, plant seedlings, tart valley, bask in autumn, the ancestors of the Tujia family planted in the spring and autumn harvest in the guest village, and hid in the summer and winter for hundreds of years, the village gradually became rich and prosperous, and developed into the three major villages of Shangzhai (formerly known as Dazuiling, now known as Luojiaping), Zhongzhai (formerly known as cucumber soil, now known as Wanli), and Xiazhai (composed of the current partial rock, Dongjia, Liujia and the central village) of thousands of people. The water of Xina Creek and Kezhai River bends around the village, and the thousand-year-old trees, clear ancient wells, and heavy stone walls witness the rise and fall of the Hakka village. Each village builds houses according to the topography, a group of Tujia stilted buildings, has the functions of anti-poisonous snakes and beasts, anti-moisture, ventilation and sunshine in one, small green tiles, lattice windows are antique, five steps on the first floor, ten steps on the first floor, ten steps on a pavilion, the eaves go to the corners, and the rows are one after another. There is a fence in front of the courtyard, there is a bamboo forest behind the courtyard, the bluestone slab paves the road, the people in the village, you come and go, the chickens and dogs smell each other, live a quiet pastoral life of sunrise and sunset, even if it rains heavily, step into a few villages in the ancient village, it is also "one foot dry" (not wet shoes).
The ethnic customs are strong
Kezhai Village is one of the birthplaces of "Youyang Tujia Hand Dance". It has given birth to precious intangible cultural heritages such as "cheerful waving hands, Youyang ancient songs, high-pitched folk songs, melodious leaves, and thousand-year-old crying marriage", and is an ethnic village with the most intangible cultural heritage items and the most complete inheritance system in Youyang.
"Thousands of red lights, thousands of people, a lingering song." Everyone in the village can dance with their hands. Every New Year's holiday, spring sowing and autumn harvest, marriage and other seasons, the villagers have to put on home-woven homespun cloth, pedal embroidered cloth shoes, and spontaneously dance and dance to celebrate. Tujia hand-waving dance is one of the national intangible cultural heritage, it has a unique national personality and regional characteristics, the dance posture imitates the actions of trekking through mountains and rivers, agricultural labor, combat posture and daily life, stretching and generous, rich life atmosphere, showing the rough and bold character of the Tujia people. In 1983, Youyang Autonomous County was established, and the Tujia hand-waving dance selected by the fifth team of Xiazhai Village, Xinxi Township, Youyang District (now the sixth group of Kezhai Village, Keda Township) participated in the establishment of Youyang Autonomous County, and won the first prize with its unique nationality, regionality and performance. There are 1 inheritor of the national Tujia hand-waving dance and 3 inheritors of the city-level Tujia hand-waving dance in Kezhai Village. In October 2009, the original Tujia hand-waving dance danced by the villagers of Xiazhai was broadcast on CCTV's "Dance World" program.
Wave your hands and dance. Photo by Tian Weiyi
Mountain songs, folk songs, love, and Konoha blowing to convey love. Everyone in the village loves to sing mountain songs and folk songs, farming, herding cattle, talking about love, and marriage can all be included in the song. Whether it is under the trees on the hillside or at the corner of the field, there are beautiful and sweet mountain songs and folk songs all over the village, accompanied by the melodious blowing of wooden leaves and the accompaniment of dong dong kui, which continue to enter the ear drums. "Muye Love Song", "Tujia Complains of Love", "That Mountain Is Not as High as This Mountain", "Heavy Rain Falls and Drizzle Drifts", "Tongzi Blossoming Tuo Datuo", "Field Seedling Planting", "Wind Blows Hemp Leaves Zhang Zhangbai", narrative songs, labor songs, bitter love songs, pan songs, waving songs, lying songs, what you see and sing, piled up into high mountains and flowing into rivers, mountain songs and folk songs accompany the life of Hakzhai people.
The folk culture of the villagers in the village is rich and colorful, and the folk culture of the Tujia family, the New Year, the seedling planting festival, the crying marriage, and the coffin have their own characteristics, just like a bright flower of civilization blooming beautifully in the guest village. The Tujia people here celebrate the New Year are unique. According to legend, during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese invaded, and on the twenty-ninth day of the lunar month, the ancestors of Tian Feihu and Tian Wanhu were ordered to go out and lead their troops to the front line. Seeing that there was still one day before the New Year, the tribesmen cooked the Chinese New Year's Eve dinner overnight, and celebrated the New Year one day in advance, making a strong trip for Tian Feihu and Tian Wanhu. Later, Tian Feihu and Tian Wanhu died heroically on the battlefield, and the descendants have since set the New Year on the twenty-ninth day of the lunar month (the twenty-eighth day of the month), and this custom of "catching up with the New Year" has continued to this day.
Autumn maple shade descendants, Mingde heirloom. In the family motto of Tian, Peng, Li and other surnames, it is emphasized that family members should be patriotic and law-abiding, filial piety and respect for teachers, strive for crops, Seiko skills, be honest and shameful, prohibit wrongdoing, respect morality and righteousness, and help each other and dedication. The 36 village rules and conventions regulate social order, public morality and village customs, carry forward the core values of socialism, cultivate a new style of civilization, and promote rural governance.
There are many varieties of delicacies in Kezhai Village, including bacon, stuffed tofu, moldy tofu, preserved pig blood tofu, rice tofu, oil baba, glutinous ba, fern ba, wild honey and so on. Bacon is the best dish of the Hakka people, every New Year's festival or relatives and friends come to the door, in the table full of delicacies, a big bowl of bacon must be placed just above, or fried garlic moss, or mixed with spring bamboo shoots, or steamed or boiled or stewed, each has its own flavor. Baba is a traditional food with a unique flavor in the guest village, and it is also a must-have for festivals and a good product for visiting relatives and friends. Hakka people like to drink oil tea soup, with yin rice, tea, sesame, dried beans, peanuts, with ginger, chives, garlic, fried with tea oil, and then boiled with water, fragrant and delicious, endless aftertaste. In addition to oil tea soup, there are also paste rice tea, ginger soup tea, pot tea, green tea, etc., which are used to refresh and quench thirst and drive away heat and cold.
The natural scenery is stunning
Kezhai Village is surrounded by mountains, the terrain is high in the east and low in the west, with an altitude of 550∽1100 meters. Xina Creek and Kezhai River flow through from the east to the west of the village respectively, the green countryside and forest are dense, the chic and exquisite Tujia stilted buildings can be seen everywhere, there are many rare and ancient trees such as yew and Chongyang wood (autumn maple), and the scenic spots such as Beizi Rock, Wulong Cave and Six Doors are thrilling and strange. The folk legends such as the nine sections of the horns, the origin of the names of the big lake and the Xibi lake, the thousand-year-old sacred tree, the five dragon caves of the wandering Taoist priest to remove the demon dragon, the tiger liver of the cutting medicine, and the two jars of silver are moving. There are poems: the good scenery under the eight-sided mountain, the terraced fields are full of rice and warehouses. The mountain high road is ancient, waving hands and singing and dancing to spread in all directions.
Back Rock is miraculous and steep. Between the old rocks of the towering Bamian Mountain, and the independent towering back rock, there is a huge stone (self-generated bridge), which is viewed from the side, and it seems that the majestic and magnificent independent giant rock carries a small child on its back, so it is called "back rock". Beizi Rock is independent into a mountain, surrounded by cliffs, the stone crevice on the top of the huge rock, flows out a clear spring water, for the peak to fly to the temple monks and pilgrims to use.
Zhongzhai Chongyang ancient trees (bend ancient trees) shade the sky and the sun, and the sub-trees are clustered. The ancient tree is more than 1,200 years old, the diameter of the chest is more than 5 meters, 8 people can hold hands to enclose, about 100 meters high, the crown is about 500 square meters, and the shade of the upper and lower three soil lawns is more than 3,000 square meters. The State Forestry Administration and CCTV have come to photograph and investigate this ancient tree. In the evening of spring and summer, men, women and children from several nearby villages come here to enjoy the cool and leisure, and the dragon gate array is continuous, singing and dancing endlessly. Some also put the square table into the trunk of the tree that was burned by the thunder and fire to play cards and chess, living a fairy-like primitive life.
Thousand-year-old trees. Profile picture
Xiazhai Tujia Swinging Hall (Tuwang Temple) was built in the Ming Dynasty. In the past, the green tile white wall, 16 pillars of hanging stilts are hanging high in the air, 8 groups of eaves teeth and olecranons peck, 4 tile houses are clustered around the Zhaimenbao Mountain, each collar house has 3 rooms, and the arch is huge and a quadrangle patio. The whole temple is divided into two halls, east and west double compartments, 36 Masang red pillars on the ground, 24 Zhumen Kongming, 2000 square meters of house building, 1000 square meters in front of the swinging hand dam exhibition hall, and 3 or 4 ear rooms. The existing Wawshoudo Hall was rebuilt in 2010.
There are dark rivers and lakes in the Five Dragons Cave, stalactites, stalagmites, stone pillars, stone flowers are in different forms, a hall is like the Dragon Palace, the legend lives five dragons, so it is named "Five Dragons Cave". Xinaxi Canyon starts from Jindoupo and ends at Xiazhai, with a total length of more than 2,000 meters. The canyon is meandering, tens of meters deep, 1.5 to 5 meters wide, and the waterfalls and springs in the canyon are crystal clear. The village fully excavates and utilizes the advantages of resources, adheres to the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism, vigorously develops rural eco-tourism, plans to build the brand of "Tujia Guest Village, Peach in the Clouds", and builds a mountain homestay sightseeing village with ecological livability, pleasant scenery and unique style.
Camellia oleifera harvest and picking are busy, and the fruits are fruitful to promote revitalization. Kezhai is rich in products, rich in a variety of major food crops, and Camellia oleifera is even more famous, and has successfully obtained the national geographical indication product certification and organic product certification. Tian Maoyou, an advanced individual in poverty alleviation in the country and a villager, planted hundreds of acres of Camellia oleifera, and more than 300 villagers voluntarily invested in land, and implemented 2,700 acres of organic Camellia oleifera planted by "enterprise + economic association + farmer". For the newly planted Camellia oleifera land, the model of "short and long, tillage instead of care" is adopted, and the soybeans, mustard, peppers and other cash crops are interplanted in the forest, and all the order production is realized.
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Author: Bai Yunfei Tian Weiyi ▏Editor: Qiu Wenyi Duty: Ren Guirong ▏Editor-in-Chief: Chen Jie Produced by Youyang Autonomous County Rong Media Center