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Xu Shu, the character Yuanzhi, is a native of Changshe County, Yingchuan County (now Changgedong, Xuchang, Henan). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he successively invested in Liu Bei and Cao Cao's accounts, became his adviser, and later served as Cao Wei's official to the right middle Lang general and the imperial history Zhongcheng.
Xu Shu was righteous when he was young, he liked to hold a sword to repay people's grievances, and then focused on learning knowledge after the accident, and later because of the war, he went to Jingzhou with his fellow villagers and friends to hide, and met Zhuge Liang here and became his friend.
About Xu Shu, most of the people know that he was Liu Bei's strategist, and he successively offered advice and advice to Liu Bei, and was the first top strategist Liu Bei met at that time.
He recommended Zhuge Liang for Liu Bei, praised him for his talent through heaven and earth, and actively analyzed the situation in Jingzhou when Liu Bei entered and exited Jingzhou, and helped Liu Bei formulate a development strategy in Jingzhou. In addition to making a difference in politics, it also contributed to military strategy.
After switching to Cao Cao, he disappeared, and there are very few records, only that Xu Shu was finally in Cao Weiguan to the right middle lang general, the imperial history Zhongcheng, and the right middle lang general, at that time was in charge of military-related affairs.
This is a relatively high position, and Yushi Zhongcheng is responsible for assisting the Yushi Doctor to manage the entire Yushi Observatory and supervise hundreds of officials, which was a not low position at that time.
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And Cao Wei's experience is also the source of the widely circulated later generations "Xu Shu entered Cao Ying, without saying a word" after the break.
The most well-known story about Xu Shu's switch to Cao Cao because he saved his mother and bid farewell to Liu Bei is in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", where Xu Shu assisted Liu Bei in winning the Battle of Xinye.
In the battle, he used strategy rationally and successfully broke the Eight Gates Golden Lock Formation and repelled Cao Ren. At the same time, he expected a surprise attack at night, and after preparing in advance, he defeated Cao Ren's army and successfully captured Fancheng.
After Cao Cao learned the news, he sent someone to investigate and found that it was Xu Shu, a strategist around Liu Bei, who offered advice and advice, and learned that Xu Shu was filial to his relatives, so he adopted Cheng Yu's strategy and sent someone to arrest Xu Shu's mother.
At the same time, he imitated his mother's handwriting and wrote to Xu Shu, saying in his heart that he was lonely and hoped that someone would take care of him, after Xu Shu learned the news, he was in a dilemma, and finally asked Liu Bei to resign and go home to serve his mother, and recommended his friend Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei before leaving.
After returning home, he asked his mother to find out that he had been deceived, and his mother committed suicide after scolding Xu Shu. After that, although Xu Shu became Cao Cao's adviser, he no longer gave him advice.
In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", he created an image of Xu Shu who is affectionate and righteous, and serves relatives and filial piety.
treats the following lord Liu Bei, he gives full play to his talents, gives advice to him, recommends good talents to assist, and after serving the enemy camp, he sticks to the bottom line and does not plan for him; treated his dearest mother, resigned and returned home for the safety of his mother, and gave up his career.
And Liu Bei in this incident was also worthy of Xu Shu's choice, although he was reluctant to give up, he still fulfilled Xu Shu's filial piety and let him go home.
But is the real situation really the same as in the novel? Novels are all derived from life, but they are higher than life, so is it a beautification of Xu Shu?
Xu Shu does not record much in the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", and his understanding of it is based on his friend Zhuge Liang, "The Biography ·of Zhuge Liang in the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" wrote that Xu Shu was in Liu Bei led the army to flee because his mother was not very well recaptured by Cao Jun, in order to save his mother and add other reasons, he resigned from Liu Bei and switched to Cao Cao's camp.
After changing to the monarch, Xu Shu did not make a decision as written in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but simply made a background board in Cao Ying, if he really didn't plan out loud, of course, Cao Cao might not be able to tolerate it.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, wars were frequent, and talents were the most needed in troubled times.
In addition, there are other strategists in Cao Cao's camp, one more is better, and less is not uncommon.
Compared with what is said in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" records that Xu Shu has long recommended Zhuge Liang, and he did not recommend Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei when he said goodbye to him and went home, and the two have worked together for a long time.
In addition, there is no record that the reason why Xu Shu switched to Cao Cao was because of his mother, if he really defected to Cao Cao because of this, then Xu Shu would also be dissatisfied with Cao Wei, and would not stay in Cao Ying for so many years, and finally held a more important official position in Cao Wei.
Did Xu Shu offer any strategies in Cao Ying? Xu Ce later served as Cao Wei official to the right middle lang general and Yushi Zhongcheng, why was his presence in Cao Ying so low-key?
Although there is no detailed record of Xu Shu's contribution to Cao Cao's conquest in the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", it is clear from the fact that he has never paid homage to such a high-ranking official as Zhongcheng in the imperial history, and he is not really silent.
It is said that Xu Shu once offered advice to Cao Cao and could recruit Zhao Yun for him. The heroic deeds of Zhao Yun on the Changban slope are praised by people because they are in and out of the siege, but there is also the credit of Xu Shu's advice.
Previously, Xu Ce Cao Cao sent Xu Shu to recruit Liu Bei, and told Cao Cao Liu Bei's true thoughts, which led to the Battle of Changbanpo, and only then did Zhao Yun have the experience of seven in and seven out.
On the longboard slope, Zhao Yun was besieged by Cao's army and struggled to kill the enemy, some strategists suggested shooting with arrows, but Cao Cao cherished his talents, and Xu Shu offered advice that he could persuade Zhao Yun to surrender.
But the premise was to capture him alive, and in the end, he gave Zhao Yun a chance to break through the encirclement, which can be regarded as pit Liu Bei first, and then save a little loss for him.
In addition, when Xiahoudun attacked Liu Bei, Xu Shu reminded him to pay attention not to fall for Liu Bei's strategy out of the psychology of guarding against Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, but because Xiahoudun did not take it to heart, he was defeated by Zhuge Liang.
Another time was in the Battle of Red Cliffs, in order to cooperate with the fire attack, Pang Tong proposed to Cao Cao and suggested that Cao Cao use iron chain to help stabilize the ship.
After Xu Shu saw through the plan, he did not choose to backstab Liu Bei as before, and informed Cao Cao and others of the incident, but instead took this opportunity to spread rumors and use this opportunity to ask Cao Cao for orders to guard the north.
After that, Cao Cao was defeated by a fire in Chibi, and Xu Shu was even more low-key. From a close strategist by Cao Cao's side, to a civil servant who guards one side, this may also be the reason why Xu Shu does not have a high sense of presence in Cao Ying's camp as a staff officer.
Of course, because Xu Shu has too few records in history, it is impossible to study what he did and how many strategies he offered to Cao Cao and Cao Pi.
There is no doubt that he finally paid homage to the two official positions of Youzhong Lang General and Yushi Zhongcheng in Cao Wei, which shows that Xu Shu is not as said in the rumored afterword, "Xu Shu is in Cao Ying, but he doesn't say a word".
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" has created countless heroes and heroes, showing us that at that time, everyone fought and everyone stood for their own masters.
Through the shaping of each person's character, the thin text image in the history book is concretized in front of people, allowing us to understand the character of Xu Shu, who is rarely recorded but also left a strong color.
At present, the record of Xu Shu can only be simply understood through "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" or some literature, and more details can only wait for one day to be discovered, when we can have the opportunity to see this character who has been beautified by the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
What do you think about whether Xu Shu went to Cao Ying to make a sacrifice or not? Welcome to discuss in the comment area!