Speaking of immunity
Everybody knows that
If the immune system is too weak
This can lead to susceptibility to the body
Bacterial and viral infestation
Thus the disease is generated
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Is the stronger the immune defense, the better?
How do we check our "immunity" level?
What exactly are some ways to boost immunity?
Today, we will make it clear to you at one time -
No! Too strong immune defenses can easily trigger allergic reactions.
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This also starts with the three major functions of the immune system:
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Function 1: Immune defense
That is, we often say to prevent the invasion of external pathogens, remove the invaded pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma, chlamydia, parasites, etc.) and other harmful substances.
If the immune defense function is too low or absent, immunodeficiency disease may occur;
However, if the immune response is too strong or lasts too long, it can also lead to tissue damage or dysfunction of the body, such as hypersensitivity reactions, while eliminating the pathogen!
2
Function 2: Immune surveillance
Detect and remove the "non-self" components in the body at any time, such as tumor cells caused by gene mutations, as well as senescent and dead cells.
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Note! Weakened immune surveillance can lead to the development of tumors.
3
Function 3: Immune self-stability
Through the two main mechanisms of autoimmune tolerance and immune regulation, the internal environment of the body is stabilized.
Once the immune tolerance is broken, the immune regulatory function is disturbed, which will lead to the occurrence of autoimmune diseases and allergic diseases.
The immune system is divided into "innate immunity (also known as non-specific immunity/innate immunity)" and "adaptive immunity (also known as specific immunity)", in which adaptive immunity is divided into humoral immunity and cellular immunity, which serve as the body's defense line and guard our health.
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So, as the "special forces" of the immune system, what role does the TBNK lymphocyte subset play?
First of all, NK cells, T cells, and B cells are the core immune cells of innate immunity, cellular immunity, and humoral immunity, respectively, and are important indicators for judging the level of immunity.
NK cells are natural killer cells
NK cells are an important part of the innate immune system, which can kill target cells without sensitization, and have anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-infective, and immunomodulatory functions.
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T lymphocytes are responsible for mediating cellular immune function
There are two types: CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells are helper T cells that protect the body from infection, and a decrease in CD4+ T cells indicates a decrease in immunity;
CD8+ T cells are cytotoxic T cells that specifically recognize and kill certain viruses and tumor cells, and an increase in CD8+ cells indicates the occurrence of certain diseases.
In addition, the CD4/CD8 ratio is also important:
● Decreased CD4/CD8 ratio: common in immunodeficiency diseases, malignant tumors, active autoimmune diseases, viral infections, etc.;
● Elevated CD4/CD8 ratio: common in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, etc.
B lymphocytes are responsible for mediating humoral immunity
The presence of antibodies in humoral immunity, an abnormally high number of B cells indicates hyperimmunity, and an abnormally low level indicates a low immunity.
Clinically, the "lymphocyte subset assay" (TBNK) method is commonly used to assess immune status, i.e., analysis by flow cytometry (FCM).
It is recommended to measure and report both relative and absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets to facilitate a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of immune function.
According to the "Expert Consensus on the Application of TBNK Lymphocyte Detection in Health Management", in health management, the applicable groups of TBNK lymphocyte testing include:
(1) Chronic diseases: including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, chronic diseases represented by tumors, etc.;
(2) Sub-healthy people: including overweight/obesity, poor lifestyle habits (smoking, drinking, lack of exercise, etc.), weak constitution, fatigue and weakness, sleep disorders, etc.
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Nutrition: Eat a reasonable and healthy diet with an appropriate amount of multivitamins
Eat three meals a day and ensure a balanced intake of all seven nutrients.
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Vitamins are a class of small molecule organic compounds necessary for maintaining normal metabolism and health of the human body, and are also essential nutrients for human growth and metabolism.
However, many people only know how to supplement vitamin C, ignoring the intake of vitamins A, B and D.
Therefore, in daily life, we should pay attention to the appropriate amount of multivitamins and minerals!
Diet: Increase your protein intake in moderation
Protein is the main raw material for immune cells, antibodies, and cytokines, and can also promote muscle synthesis.
Therefore, to improve immunity, it is necessary to ensure that adults consume enough protein per person per day: 65g for men and 55g for women.
You can choose high-quality protein sources such as eggs, milk, and soybeans to eat.
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Note! Although protein is important, more is not always better, and excessive intake will increase the burden on the kidneys.
Exercise: Regular and moderate-intensity exercise
On the basis of a balanced diet, exercise can effectively improve immunity!
Long-term regular moderate-intensity exercise can increase the number of peripheral blood immune cells and enhance the body's immune function.
The best exercise to improve the body's immunity is: 30 minutes ~ 45 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each time, about 5 times a week, and long-term persistence for more than 4 weeks.
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Note! Avoid strenuous exercise for long periods of time, which may lead to a decrease in immunity after exercise and take time to recover.
Sleep: Reduce staying up late and maintain a regular schedule
Since immune cells are also regulated by circadian rhythms, it is necessary to ensure a regular schedule (the best time to fall asleep is between 22 and 23 o'clock) and sufficient sleep duration (the best sleep time is 7 hours), which can improve immunity and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
If the best time to fall asleep is unrealistic, at least ensure a regular routine.
The development of immune cells needs the promotion of growth hormone, and correct sleep increases the production of growth hormone, which is conducive to restoring spirit, relieving fatigue and improving immunity;
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Staying up late and insomnia lead to an increase in cortisol secretion, raising blood sugar and blood pressure, which not only makes the body unable to effectively repair, but also causes great harm to the body, which in turn leads to a decline in immune function.
I know
How can I improve my immunity?
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Healthy and healthy every day~
Disclaimer: This article is a medical-related educational science article, does not involve specific treatment methods or medical behaviors, and should not replace hospital visits.