Weicheng, early in the morning.
This ancient city looks peaceful and fresh under the moisture of the morning rain. The drizzle is gently falling, the smoke and dust on the road are no longer flying, and the crisp air is blowing in the face.
Around the guest house, the willow trees draw out azure shoots, which are as bright and tender green as washed by water, showing a vibrant spring.
Through the window, I heard the distant carriages and horses embarking on a distant journey one after another. Under the willow tree next to the post station, there are send-offs still standing in anticipation.
The poet raised his glass and smiled at his friends: Old friend, please have another glass of beautiful bars, and it will be difficult to meet old relatives again when you go out of Yangguan to the west.
As soon as the words fell, the pen turned into a poem:
Weicheng is light and dusty towards the rain, and the guest house is green and willow-colored.
Persuade you to have a glass of wine, and there is no reason to go out of Yangguan in the west.
This is Wang Wei's "Sending Yuan Er Envoy Anxi", a farewell poem to persuade wine.
Wang Wei, an outstanding poet and painter of the Tang Dynasty, was known as the "Buddha of Poetry", and his poems were known for their freshness and distantness and ethereal artistic conception.
In the sea of poems of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei's poem "Sending Yuan Er Envoy Anxi" is like a bright pearl, with its unique poetry, aesthetics and emotion, through thousands of years of time, shining with dazzling light.
The poem opens with a scene of an early morning after a rainy day, introducing the reader to a world of tranquility and vitality. The willow branches swayed gently, which is a sincere blessing to relatives and friends who have traveled far away, and it is also a beautiful expectation for a reunion in the future.
Who Yuan Er is, the world does not know, people only know that he is a friend that Wang Wei cherishes. For this reason, Wang Wei deliberately rushed to Weicheng one day in advance and stayed in the guest house, just so that he could personally send his friends off early the next morning.
Wang Wei captures the most ordinary and moving moments with delicate brushstrokes and concise and profound language. He has always been able to skillfully integrate the picture of the natural world with the long-term affection, so that each poem is like a beautiful picture, which makes people deeply immersed in the quiet and tranquil artistic conception.
There are many parting works written by the Tang people about leaving Yangguan in the west and going to the Western Regions, but Wang Wei let the world remember the morning in Weicheng that was baptized by the spring rain, and remembered the long inseparability in the poem. His success lies in not only creating a unique atmosphere of farewell in Weicheng, but also implicitly implicit, and placing the endless affection at the time of parting.
In the magnificent picture scroll of traditional Chinese culture, the willow tree, with its soft posture, often becomes a symbol of parting. "Willow" is equivalent to "stay", and at the important and affectionate farewell moment, the implicit Chinese fold willow to give to relatives and friends who travel far away, and place their reluctant affection and full of nostalgia in that small piece of blue.
As a result, a branch of emerald green willow has become a messenger of affection. Every inch of willow silk carries endless concern and longing, and every willow leaf is full of lingering thoughts and retention.
It is said that willow branches have tenacious vitality and the characteristics of being at ease with encounters, and no matter where they are cutting, they can take root and sprout and survive.
The gift of willow branches also means that people who travel far away can quickly adapt to the environment, take root and grow, and live freely like willow trees, no matter where they are. This is the most pious wish for those who travel far away.
In ancient times, wine was not only a fine wine, but also a carrier of emotions and a comfort for the soul. In the eyes of poets, wine is a magical existence. Wine is the elixir of celebration, the medicine for anxiety, the source of inspiration, the medium of communication, the bond of friendship, and the catalyst for mood.
"Persuade the gentleman to have a glass of wine" embodies the poet's memories of the past and cherishes his friendship. "There is no reason to go out of Yangguan in the west", this is the end of the farewell scene, knowing that parting is a foregone conclusion, a faint sadness suddenly rises in my heart. Let's make this moment the most beautiful memory in each other's hearts!
Yangguan is a symbol of parting. Leaving Yangguan in the west means leaving the familiar land, embarking on an unknown journey, and facing the desolation of the road. From then on, there was no familiar smile, only the yellow sand, accompanied by a lonely traveler.
These two poems, one is an affectionate farewell, and the other is a lonely and firm back. They complement each other and together create a touching farewell picture. Reading the poems, we feel as if we are in the scene, and our hearts are also full of that abundant emotion.
The farewell of the Tang Dynasty people was an emotionally rich and ceremonial activity. In the Tang Dynasty, farewell was not only a simple farewell, but also a popular custom, an expression of the elegance of the literati and their parting feelings.
In ancient times, the carriages and horses were slow, the mountains were high and the roads were far away, and it was not easy to travel, a short time was a few months, and a long time was several years. Traveling far away is like embarking on a journey with no return date, which often means a long separation.
In those days when there was no instant messaging, friends and family could only communicate with each other through letters, and each letter would have to wander for months, or even longer, on the road. In the years of frequent wars, letters will sink into the sea, there will be no news, life and death are uncertain, and people will have endless worries and worries.
Parting at that time meant a farewell for many years, or even a farewell. Therefore, the moment of farewell, people always pay special attention. Whether it is an affectionate hug, a tearful smile, or a silent gaze, or a whisper, it seems to pour all the warmth and concern in life into the reunion before parting.
They know that they will be separated for thousands of miles, and the mountains and rivers will be far away, and it may be difficult to see each other again in this life. Therefore, every gathering is precious, and every parting will be full of sadness.
During the Tang Dynasty, Weicheng was located about 20 kilometers northwest of Chang'an, which overlapped with today's Xianyang City in terms of geographical location. Weicheng is the first threshold to the vast Western Regions, and it is also a post station for travelers who have left their hometowns. There, the wine flag fluttered and the inns were lined up, witnessing countless sad moments of parting and reunion.
Yangguan, as famous as Yumen Pass, is an important pass of the ancient border fortress and a hub for material transshipment on the Silk Road. After crossing this level, it is the real land of the Western Regions, and the exotic scenery is coming.
From Xianyang to Anxi Duhufu, it is a rugged journey of 3,000 miles. Yuan Er, in the most stable and prosperous era of the Tang Dynasty, shouldered the mission and embarked on the journey to the west. A messenger embarks on a glorious journey, and such a parting is somewhat cheerful.
However, the amorous parting since ancient times, the amorous willow branches on the bank of the Wei River brushed the face, and the gentle light rain wet wetland sprinkled on the heart. The willow branches in Wang Wei's pen are full of vitality and fresh greenery, but they can't hide the sorrow entrained in the rain. In the midst of the staggering, although Wang Wei said words of pride and comfort, he still had a little sadness hidden in it.
This is the parting of the Tang Dynasty, where joy and sorrow are intertwined, and hope and wishes are fused. In such a context, every parting is not only an individual's joys and sorrows, but also a microcosm of an era.
This is the poetry of the Tang Dynasty, today, no matter what reason you are going to the distance, we have to say goodbye with sincere hearts, I wish you a warm heart, a long wind, and a safe journey.
Wang Wei is a poet who understands the voice of the Tang people, and the song "Weicheng Song" was born out of nowhere, becoming the pinnacle of Tang quatrains, and its melody turned into the sound of "Yangguan Three Stacks" that has been sung by the world and passed down through the ages.
Wang Wei also made Weicheng, the place where the "Weicheng Song" was recited, a place name in the geographical sense, leave a strong mark in the history of culture.
Nowadays, the rapid development of transportation and communication in the information age has made the sorrow of parting thousands of years ago long gone. Yangguan, which was ushered in in the past, has long been gradually depressed and finally collapsed.
Today's spring in Weicheng, there is still a moist morning rain and green willows, and there is no poetic farewell. Today's Yangguan is no longer a desolate place for "no reason", and has become an important relic to witness the glory.
Standing in the vast and distant time and space, we vaguely saw a lonely traveler, facing the west wind on the ancient road, riding a thin horse away...... What touches the eyes is the heavy twilight, the desolate Gobi, and the clouds and smoke of the desert. Behind it is the poet's endless concern and the aria of the world's voice.
Source: Tang and Song poems
About the author: Xiyue, love poetry, willing to use heavy paper, light pen, writing the year
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