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Literature and history hook Shen: The magistrate of Cao County during the Republic of China

introduction

*This article is excerpted from the second series of "Cao County Cultural and Historical Materials" (December 1986), Li Zizhou, Yuan Shulun, Sun Boxin, Wan Guangzhou, Wang Wenwei, Kong Yuezhong, the original title is "Cao County Magistrate in the Republic of China"

Literature and history hook Shen: The magistrate of Cao County during the Republic of China

The picture and text are not related to the text and are for illustrative purposes only

Original editor's note: This material systematically describes the replacement of the 30 county magistrates of Cao County during the Republic of China (1916-1948), and comments on the quality of their "officials". Since the Xinhai Revolution in our county, this information has been incomplete. It will play a role in filling in the gaps in the compilation of county chronicles.

It should be noted that in the latter stage of this period, there was a situation where the county magistrates of the Kuomintang, the Communist Party, and the Japanese puppets coexisted, and the latter two parties have other information, so this article will not be repeated. In addition, although this article has been recalled and discussed by many people, some county magistrates only pass on their names, some of them are omitted, and some of them are inevitably wrong.

The Xinhai Revolution overthrew the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. From then until the liberation of Cao County in 1948, the county magistrate of Cao County changed frequently, and there were more than 30 people. From the first year of the Republic of China to the fourth year of the Republic of China, it is said that there was a county magistrate surnamed Zhou, and the true situation is difficult to verify at the moment. Five years after the Republic of China, there were 30 county magistrates in Cao County, which are summarized below according to our memory.

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1. Liao Jun

5th - 7th year of the Republic of China (1916-1918)

In the sixth and a half years of the Republic of China, Da Mao and Ermao beat Cao County, killed Xu Jiru, and took Zhang Zihan away.

This ballad reflects the situation of Da Mao (Mao Sizhong) and Er Mao (Mao Siyi) entering Cao County. Guandi Temple, North Street, Chengli County, Cao County, will be held on the 13th day of May of the lunar calendar every year. Legend has it that on the thirteenth day of the fifth lunar month of the sixth year of the Republic of China, Da Mao and Er Mao sent some people to disguise themselves as small merchants and hawkers and infiltrate the county seat. On the twenty-third day of May, Da Mao and Er Mao led about 1,000 subordinates to break through the county seat, searched for the county official Liao Jun in the county office, robbed the silver vault and several big merchants, smashed open the prison, killed Xu Jiru of the Qing Dynasty, and kidnapped Zhang Zihan, a scholar in North Street. But the market is open to public buying and selling, calm as usual. Afterwards, Liao Guan entered the province to plead guilty, was imprisoned in prison, and died of grief.

Second, Bai Puchen

7th - 8th year of the Republic of China (1918-1919)

Bai Puchen took over as the magistrate of Cao County, levied taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and the peasants were burdened with many items, and in the year of famine, their lives were very embarrassing. Peasants in the northwest of the city gathered into the city and threatened to beat the county magistrate. Bai was removed from his post in Cao County for about a year.

3. Hou Yinpei

8th - 11th year of the Republic of China (1919-1922)

Hou Yinpei served as the magistrate of Cao County, and the law and discipline were relatively strict, which left a deep impression on the people. The common people called him "Hou Guan".

In the spring famine of one year, there were incidents of hungry people gathering together to grab grain from the nearby rich man's house in Dazhai and Baimao in the northwest of the city, Dafuzhuang, Yangshuangmiao and Jiangzhuang in the south of the city, and Chen Zhanglou in the southeast of the city. Farmers in the area of Nanzhuang in the south of the city had an armed conflict with the wealthy Chen family because of grain grabbing. When the county magistrate heard the news, he took a sedan chair, hugged him from front to back, and went to the scene to be cautious, and the peasants dispersed in a hurry.

Hou Guan once granted 200,000 yuan to the Normal Training Institute, and ordered the principal Wang Jianqi to expand the construction of the school. And the late Qing Dynasty founded the "Jujing Primary School" renamed "Cao County First Primary School", appointed Wang Liuting as the principal, the school site in the north gate of the county is now the Cultural Bureau.

Hou Guan went out of the city to sit in a sedan chair, usually in the city often walked out of the office, sometimes with his wife hand in hand to go shopping on the street, the common people laughed and talked.

Fourth, Zhao Lujun

11th - 13th year of the Republic of China (1922-1924)

After Zhao Lujun took over as the county magistrate, in front of the county yamen, a wooden box was installed, called "Wrongful Fight", so that the people could file grievances, and the county magistrate would regularly dry the box for review and trial. This measure was praised by the people. When he was transferred out of Cao County, the people gathered to bid farewell.

Fifth, Li Zhengrong

The 13th - 14th year of the Republic of China (1924-1925)

Li Zhengrong took over as the magistrate of Cao County, just as Mr. Sun Yat-sen decided to go on the Northern Expedition, and when the "May Day" tragedy occurred in Shanghai, the tide of overthrowing the great powers and overthrowing the warlords was surging all over the country.

Li Zhengrong had embezzlement in Cao County, and the tax on silver and grain increased, and the people complained. Local feudal forces such as the Thirteen Districts and the Five Directions (local gentry organizations) were also deeply dissatisfied with Li. On the 16th day of the third lunar month, peasants formed a group to enter the city to smash the yamen and beat the county magistrate. Li Zhengrong saw that the situation was not good, and was led by the treasurer Han Juying and secretly ran away.

Li Zhengrong is nicknamed "Li Erwei", also known as "Li Erqian Skewers", and the common people gave him these nicknames, and his governance is a person, which can be seen from this.

Sixth, Sun Guangzu

The 14th - 16th year of the Republic of China (1925-1927)

Fengjun Zhang Zongchang served as the overseer of Shandong Province, and in 1925 appointed Sun Guangzu to Cao County to take over the post of county magistrate. Sun Guangzu, a native of Jining, is a descendant of Sun Zhuangyuan of Yutang Sauce Garden. During his tenure, Sun Liangcheng, commander-in-chief of the First Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army, led Ji Hongchang, Ma Hongkui and other troops to pursue the Feng warlord Jiang Mingyu and besieged Jiang Yi's army in Cao County for two months. In the early morning of the first lunar month of 1928, the county seat was breached, the whole army of the Feng department in the city was annihilated, the army commander Jiang Mingyu committed suicide, and the county magistrate Sun Guangzu was dismissed.

According to Mr. Ding Xiaohan's recollection, in 1925, Song Mingfu served as the magistrate of Cao County, but his deeds are unknown.

Seventh, Zhu Guoheng

The 16th - 17th year of the Republic of China (1927-1928)

When Ji Hongchang and other troops besieged Cao County, Ji Division Commander had appointed his military judge Zhu Guoheng (a native of Zhuxian Town, Kaifeng, Henan) as the county magistrate of Cao County. The county government is located in Xinzukaji, northwest of the city, and is responsible for preparing military supplies and handling local civil affairs work. After the county seat was breached, the county magistrate Zhu Guoheng led the county government personnel into the city, and the people warmly welcomed him.

In the spring of 1928, division commander Ji Hongchang, director of the Political Department Wang Tan, and county county Zhu Guoheng held many people's meetings, teachers' unions, and student unions in the city to expound the revolutionary principles, talk about the great significance of overthrowing the warlords and the country's tyrants and gentry, and arouse the people's patriotic enthusiasm. The thinking of the masses of the people is new, and the social scene is becoming more and more prosperous.

During Zhu Guoheng's tenure, Wang Baohe, director of the Education Bureau (a native of Wang Letianzhuang in the west of the city, also known as Wang Xiru), promoted the good and eliminated the disadvantages, demolished the temple and ran the school, reformed the river revenue system, simplified the procedures for paying silver and grain, and put an end to the bad habit of the treasury officials who deducted paper waves, which won the support of the people. However, the treasurers and officials of the county street were extremely dissatisfied with the king.

In 1928, a group of local feudal forces in the "Third Class" and "Sixth Room" nominated Zhu Jingzeng as a representative and went to the province to file a complaint, and Wang Baohe was subjected to 40 boards in Jinan. However, when Wang returned to Cao County, he was still very determined, assisting the county magistrate in adjusting the "three classes" and "six rooms", establishing a government police team, replacing the "three classes", and appointing Zhao Shitang as the captain.

Eighth, Ren Dekuan

Spring of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928 AD)

Ren Dekuan took over as the magistrate of Cao County, and his term of office was only half a year, and he did not do much. During this period, the latent activities of local feudal forces were very rampant. Zhu, Shao, Yang, and Li, the commanders of the 13th District and the Five Parties, as well as Zhu Jingzeng, a representative of the "Third Class" and "Sixth Room," colluded with Li Fanying, a big landlord in Cao County and senator of Shandong Province, in Jinan in an attempt to launch a counterattack against the progressive Kuomintang forces in Cao County.

9. Zhang Yao

Summer of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928 AD)

In the summer of 1928, the Shandong provincial government sent Zhang Yao to take over as the county magistrate of Cao County. Provincial Senator Li Fanying accompanied Zhang Yao to Cao County and stayed in Dongguan. Upon hearing the news, the Kuomintang Cao County Party Headquarters immediately took Zhang Yao to the county Party headquarters. Li Wenzhai, a member of the Standing Committee of the county party department, sent a telegram to the Shandong provincial party department to refuse Zhang Yao's appointment. Zhang Yao was placed under house arrest for three or four days at the county party headquarters, and he did not even see a shadow of the county seal, so he had to return to Jinan in disgrace.

10. Ningkang

Summer of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928 AD)

In the summer of 1928, Ningkang was ordered by the Shandong Provincial Government to come to Cao County to take over as the county magistrate. He secretly approached the upper echelons of the 13 districts of the local feudal forces and the Qiu Fang League Headquarters, but he also felt that the Kuomintang county party headquarters and its affiliated trade unions, peasant associations, youth associations, and women's associations all had real power for a while, and they posed a great threat to him. He believes that the situation in Cao County is very complicated and the situation is very unstable. Soon, taking the opportunity to go to the provincial meeting, he left Cao County and never returned, and the secretary Hong Zhengpu acted as the county magistrate.

11. Hong Zhengpu

17th - 18th year of the Republic of China (1928-1929)

Hong Zhengpu (from Zhejiang) acted as the county magistrate of Cao County for about half a year, and was appointed as the official county magistrate by the Shandong provincial government. At that time, Yan Xishan,

Feng Yuxiang and Chiang Kai-shek fought in the Central Plains. The southwestern part of Cao County and the area around Kaocheng, Henan Province were the border areas of the war, and rumbling artillery was heard in Tancheng from time to time. Hong relied on the power of the Kuomintang county party headquarters and was transferred after less than a year in office·

According to Feng Yuxiang's precept tablet, Zhao Hongyou served as the magistrate of Cao County during this period, but his deeds are unknown.

Twelve, Qiu Xiangfeng

The 18th year of the Republic of China - the 21st year (1929-1932)

Qiu Xiangfeng is a native of Hubei Province. When he took office, he brought a group of cronies, and first arranged for his elder brother to be the head of the Civil Affairs Section. In order to avoid sharing the same surname, his brother claimed to have the surname Zhang. On the 20th anniversary of his father's death, he carried out a large number of mourning activities, stirred up the whole county, forced all government agencies, organizations, and neighbors to express their condolences, and asked all teachers and students of all primary schools in the city to form a team to mourn.

In January 1931, under the auspices of the Kuomintang Caoxian County Party Department, Kong Qingjia and Ren Shoujun, early Communist Party members of Cao County, were arrested and imprisoned, escorted to Jinan, and the Shuguang Bookstore in Cao County was sealed. On April 5, 1931, two comrades, Kong and Ren, bravely died in Jinan.

In 1932, Qiu Xiangfeng, the county magistrate, resigned, and the financial procedures were not handled clearly for half a year, and he refused to accept the next office, and the corruption was very serious, which can be imagined.

13. Wang Shaochang

The 21st - 22nd year of the Republic of China (1932-1933)

Wang Shaochang, also known as Wang Guanguan, is a native of Heze. In 1932, Gu Liangyou of the Northwest Army took control of the southwest of Shandong and sent his staff officer Wang Shaochang to serve as the county magistrate of Cao County. The king was old and frail, and his term of office was less than a year, and he resigned. Shandong Provincial Chairman Han Fuqu sent Wei Hanzhang to take over as the county magistrate of Cao County.

XIV. Wei Hanzhang

Twenty-two years of the Republic of China - twenty-four years (1933-1935 AD)

Wei Hanzhang, the number stops, Anwei Mengcheng people. After taking office, he had the intention to rectify Cao County. First of all, we should pay attention to local public order, express deep hatred for the evil deeds of thieves, bandits, and hooligans, and strictly investigate and prohibit those who take drugs and gather to gamble. The social situation tends to be stable for a while, leaving a good impression on the common people.

At that time, Liang Shuming, a member of the township construction faction, won the consent of Han Fujia, chairman of Shandong Province, to carry out "rural construction" experiments in Zouping and Heze. Heze has established a "Rural Construction Research Institute", and Cao County has established ten "Township Agricultural Schools". Its system is the integration of government, education, and the military, and it is nominally a school, but in fact it replaces the "district department" with a school, and the principal is equivalent to the district head. After the establishment of the township and peasant schools, they first held training classes to train the backbone of the grassroots and improve the organization of the township and peasant schools, and then selected strong men according to their household registration, and demanded guns and money according to the acres of land, so as to directly control the armed forces at the grassroots level.

Wei Hanzhang, the county magistrate, vigorously advocated the township peasant schools, while Li Ziyi, a member of the Kuomintang county party department, secretly carried out anti-Wei activities. The incident was leaked, Li Ziyi was detained by Wei Hanzhang and sent to Jinan, asking Han Fuji to deal with it. He was later rescued and released by Li Wenzhai (Li Ziyi's cousin), a member of the Shandong Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang. After that, Wei Hanzhang gradually felt that the situation was unstable and asked for a transfer, and the county librarian Sun Xingzhai (a native of Sunzhuang in the southeast of the city) left Cao County with Wei.

Fifteenth, Songpo

Twenty-four years of the Republic of China - twenty-six years (1935-1937 AD)

Native of Songpo, a native of Ba County, Hebei Province. In 1935, Han Fuji appointed him to Cao to take over the post of county magistrate of Wei Hanzhang. After he took office, he took three precepts: quitting smoking (opium), quitting drugs (heroin), and gambling. Smoking cessation centers have been set up, smoking offenders have been forced to stop smoking, and tobacco and drug trafficking have been strictly investigated. Those who refuse to change are fined, imprisoned, and even sentenced to death. The shooting of Yuan Yousong, a large landlord in Yuan Lou in the east of the city, is a typical example of rioting society and deterring smokers. The Kuomintang Caoxian County Party Department set up a smoking cessation committee, which was headed by Wang Chucai, to assist the county magistrate in Songpo and engaged in the investigation of smokers.

He attaches great importance to education, often personally inspects rural primary schools, and has held county-wide teacher training classes.

At that time, the "New Life Movement" was promoted, calling for "neatness, cleanliness, simplicity, and simplicity". Ji Songpo set an example, opposed to "Shi Yang", was not allowed to wear "foreign socks" (machine-made socks), and opposed to smoking paper cigarettes. When he saw anyone smoking a paper cigarette, he forcibly ordered him to eat the unfinished cigarette butt, and if he didn't eat it, he was punished by kneeling on the spot.

Jisongpo continued to practice the "township and peasant school" system, and the social antipathy became greater and greater. The upper echelons of the local feudal forces are brewing anti-naturalism. Sensing the instability of the situation, he was worried in his heart, so he rode a motorcycle at the end of 1937 and left without resignation.

16. Dai Hodong

The 26th year of the Republic of China - the 27th year (1937-1938)

In the winter of 1937, when the Japanese invaded Shandong, Han Fuxi's Shandong Provincial Government and its subordinate troops retreated to southwest Shandong. Li Shuchun, director of the Civil Affairs Department of the provincial government, stayed in Zhangqiu Town, and when he heard that Songpo had left his post without permission, he appointed Dai Haodong to take over. Soon, the Japanese army occupied Jining and approached Cao County, the situation was very urgent, and Dai Haodong also left Cao County automatically. Li Shuchun, director of the Provincial Department of Civil Affairs, sent Wang Guanyi to serve as the county magistrate of Cao County.

XVII. Wang Guanyi

The 27th - 29th year of the Republic of China (1938-1940)

The Japanese invaded Jining, and Cao County was in danger. As soon as Wang Guanyi took office, he first established the Cao County Garrison Brigade (later renamed the Security Corps) and set up the Cao County Mobilization Committee to mobilize anti-Japanese self-defense. At the same time, Li Wenzhai, an important member of the Kuomintang Cao County, returned to Cao County from Jinan, united several local armed forces, and established the general headquarters of the National Anti-Enemy Self-Defense Army in the building of the Dongguan Township Division (now the No. 1 Central Division), with Li as the commander-in-chief.

On the fifth day of the tenth lunar month in 1938, the Japanese invaded Cao County from Shangqiu, Henan, and Li Wenzhai and Wang Guanyi retreated without a fight, and the county was occupied by the Japanese invaders.

The Japanese invaders occupied the county seat, and large areas of rural areas in the south and east of the city were still under Li Wenzhai's sphere of influence. Wang Guanyi, the county magistrate, had limited troops and no territory, so he could only operate in the border areas of the Communist Party's anti-Japanese base in the northwest of the county. During this period, Wang Guanyi received education and help from the Communist Party, insisted on resisting Japan, and was inclined to revolution. In the spring of 1939, with the support of the 344th Brigade of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army, he expanded his territory in the southeast township of Cao County, strengthened his anti-Japanese armed forces, enriched the security regiment, and set up a political office at the regiment headquarters.

The political department of the Security Corps was established with the active assistance of underground members of the Communist Party. The Political Department has a principal and deputy director, which are respectively served by Wei Chengbo and Wang Ruiting. It consists of three units: political training, propaganda and democracy movement. Each unit shall have a unit commander, and each battalion and company shall have instructors and instructors. All units, battalions, and companies are all cadres trained by the Communist Party.

In the autumn of 1939, Zhao Zhitang, secretary general of the Caoxian County Party Department of the Kuomintang, colluded with some local gentry to accuse Li Shuchun, director of the Shandong Provincial Department of Civil Affairs, of colluding with Wang Guanyi, the county magistrate, of colluding with the Eighth Road. In the spring of 194O, the Kuomintang Shi You's 30th Army retreated from Hebei to the southeast township of Cao County, and Shi Yousan detained Wang Guanyi and imprisoned him on charges of fornicating with the Communist Party, and sent Yang Muqing to take over as the county magistrate.

Eighteen, Yang Muqing

Spring of the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940 AD)

Yang served as the magistrate of Cao County, and the county seat had been occupied by Japanese invaders for more than a year. The old town of Sun, a large town in the southeast of the city, was also a rural stronghold of the Japanese invaders. Yang Muqing, as the magistrate of Cao County, has never seen the county seat at all. He led the people of Gufu to just move outside the city. At the same time, Wang Zikui (a native of Mengyanzhuang, Wang of Chengnan), secretary general of the Kuomintang county party department, received the name of the "10th Security Regiment" from the upper echelons, and established the 10th Security Regiment on the basis of the district headquarters of Zhu Hanwei in the 10th district of Cao County, and Wang proclaimed himself the commander of the security regiment.

19. Guo Nianji

Summer of the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940 AD)

Yang Muqing's term of office was less than half a year, and Sun Liangcheng, director of the Shandong Provincial Government's Luxi Travel Bureau, led his subordinates to retreat from the north bank of the Yellow River to the south of Cao County. Sun appointed Guo Nianji as the county magistrate of Cao County, but after half a year, Gao Tianshun was replaced as the county magistrate.

20. Gao Tianshun

29th - 30th year of the Republic of China (1940-1941)

In 1940, Sun Liangcheng, director of the Luxi Administration of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Government, led the palace members of the administration and the two divisions of Wang Qinghan and Zhao Yunxiang under their direct control to dig trenches and build fences in the southern part of Cao County, with Liang Ditou and Chen Lou as the center, and pretended to be fighting a war. Gao Tianshun, the chief of the county, attached himself to Sun Liangcheng and regarded the distribution of money, grain, and the blood and sweat of the peasants as his only task as a county magistrate.

In the same year, the Shandong Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang, including Lin Ming, Zhang Dianhua, and Liang Xinghuang, members of the Linchest faction in southern Lunan, opened a party affairs training class in the Huoshentai area southeast of Cao County, recruited some young students and in-service personnel for training, conducted anti-communist and anti-people propaganda and education, and recruited them to join the Kuomintang. Gao Tianshun, the county magistrate, gave strong support to the opening of the party affairs training class in terms of materials.

In order to expand his strength, Sun Liangcheng further controlled the manpower and material resources of Cao County in his own hands, and appointed Sun Xingzhai to prepare for the establishment of the 23rd Security Brigade and served as the brigade commander.

In the spring of 1941, Sun Xingzhai set up camp at Huoshentai in the southeast of Cao County, recruited troops and horses, recruited intellectuals from all walks of life in Cao County, and all kinds of figures, and quickly established a security brigade that had ravaged the people for seven years. Gao Tianshun, the county magistrate, is also the deputy commander of the security brigade.

21. Wang Peiyuan

The 31st year of the Republic of China (1942 AD)

In the spring of 1942, Wang Peiyuan took over as the magistrate of Cao County, but he was unarmed, and always followed Sun Liangcheng and the Security Brigade to carry out activities in the southern part of Cao County, taking the distribution of grain and money, and extortion as his duty. At that time, there were "two divisions" and "one brigade" stationed in the southern part of Cao County, Wang Qinghan and Zhao Yunxiang led by Sun Liangcheng, Sun Xingzhai's security brigade, plus the people of the administrative office and the county government, and the money, grain and other materials required were extremely large, all of which were borne by the people of Cao Nan. The peasants live in great poverty and are in dire straits, while the county magistrates, district magistrates, and township magistrates are holding back at every level, embezzling corruption, and eating and drinking indiscriminately. The common people said: "Keep the long full, the village is long, the district chief is unyielding, and the township is fragrant." You can imagine how they prey on the people.

In the summer of 1942, Sun Liangcheng, director of the Luxi Administration of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Government, led Zhao Yunxiang's entire army to surrender to the Japanese invaders in Cao County, accepted the command of Wang Jingwei, a traitor in Nanjing, and hung up the so-called national flag of Wang's false blue sky and white sun. Wang Peiyuan, the Kuomintang magistrate of Cao County, also became the pseudo magistrate of Cao County.

Twenty-two, Sun Xingzhai

The 31st - 32nd year of the Republic of China (1942-1943)

After Wang Peiyuan became a traitor, Zhu Shiqin, the Kuomintang commissioner of the 11th District of Shandong, appointed Sun Xingzhai, commander of the 23rd Security Brigade, to concurrently serve as the county magistrate of Cao County.

At that time, the northwest of Cao County was the anti-Japanese base of the communist leadership, the area around Tancheng and Sun's hometown in the east of the city was occupied by the Japanese puppets, most of the south and east of the city were occupied by Wang Puppet Sun Liangcheng and Zhao Yunxiang, the southwest border of the city was the activity area where the prince wanted to be closed, and the east of the city was disturbed by the warm disturbance of Chengwu and Shanxian County. When the urban and rural areas of Hongcao County were divided by many parties, it was difficult for Sun Xingzhai's security faction and the county government to find a fixed site to settle in.

In the winter of 1942, Sun Xingzhai's security brigade and the Tan government rushed to the border area of the anti-Japanese base area in the northwest of Cao County, where they survived, frequently distributed grain and money, and brutally extorted money, which finally aroused the resistance of the masses.

In the winter of 1943, the local revolutionary armed forces and the masses, with the support of the Eighth Route Army, attacked the Security Brigade, besieged its station, Chen Hutong, and attacked its station, Donglou, at night. Sun Xingzhai cleaned up the remnants of the defeated army, retreated to the gap area on the southern border of Cao County, took the old Yellow River as the place of survival, lurked along the Henan during the day, and went to the north of the river to catch people and grab grain at night. The common people call it: "Hebei eats, Henan goes to the store"

There is also a folk ballad:

Back and again, no matter who arrests people and money, bandits mutiny, mutiny thieves, and the county magistrate goes out of the city to fight for food.

(Da Fan Wei - Lu Xinan dialect, the original meaning refers to the difficulty of life, looking for relatives and friends, seeking a full meal.) This article refers to Sun Xingzhai not to fight the Japanese hypocrisy, but to distribute grain, money, and eat pies in the countryside).

In the spring of 1943, Cao Banting, commissioner of the 11th District of Shandong Province of the Kuomintang, and Sun Xingzhai, the county magistrate, had a conflict, and Cao took advantage of the fact that Li Xianzhou of the Kuomintang led his troops to attack the liberated area of southern Lunan and instigated Li Xianzhou to detain Sun Xingzhai and immediately appointed Sun Zhennan as the county magistrate of Cao County.

Twenty-three, Sun Zhennan

The 32nd year of the Republic of China (1943)

Sun Zhennan, a martial artist. He single-handedly ran to the Yellow River Ancient Road on the southern border of Cao County to receive the seal, and Sun Xingzhai's original team in the county government was extremely unwelcome to him. Sun Zhennan was helpless and returned disappointed. At this time, the Shandong provincial government, which had been exiled to Fuyang, Anhui Province, appointed Liang Jianye to take over as county magistrate.

24. Liang Jianye

Thirty-two years of the Republic of China - thirty-three years (1943-1941)

Liang Jianye, a giant savage. After he took office, he still used the old road of the Yellow River on the southern border of Cao County as a base, grabbed grain, money, and ate pies.

Twenty-five, Wang Kejiao

The 33rd year of the Republic of China (1944)

In the summer of 1944, Wang Kejiao received the "holy decree" of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Government from Fuyang and came to Cao County to take over as the county magistrate. He has the intention to replace the original team of the county government and install his cronies. However, the team of Sun Xingzhai County Government was not interested in Wang Kejiao, and after the handover, he regretted it. Wu Fatru, the former head of the Civil Affairs Section, immediately took back the Tan Yin from Wang Kejiao's hands, said some good things to Wang, explained it, and sent Wang back to Fuyang.

The Shandong Provincial Government of the Fuyang Kuomintang sent Li Ziyi to take over as the county magistrate.

Twenty-six, Li Ziyi

The 33rd year of the Republic of China - 34th year (1944-1945)

Li Ziyi, a native of Cao Weiji (formerly Cao County) in Shanxian County, served as the commander of the 24th Brigade of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Security Brigade, and often operated in the west of Shanxian County. After he concurrently served as the magistrate of Cao County, his area of activity expanded to the area of Qingdiji in the eastern part of Cao County. At the same time, Sun Xingzhai was detained and released by Li Xianzhou, and he still served as the commander of the 23rd Security Brigade, entrenched along the Yellow River. Sun and Li each took one side as the target, grabbed grain, money, and ate pies, and did not attack.

Twenty-seven, Zhao Zhiqing

The 34th year of the Republic of China - the 36th year (1945-1947)

Zhao Zhiqing, a native of Wuzhuang in the southwest of Cao County.

In the autumn of 1945, the Japanese surrendered, and He Siyuan, chairman of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Government, rushed to Jinan to "receive". Passing through Cao County, Xia Tiaozi appointed Sun Xingzhai to concurrently serve as the commissioner of the 11th district.

In the summer of 1945, the Fifth Army Subdivision of the Eighth Route Army cooperated with the Huxi Special Administration to liberate Mazhuang and Cao County magistrate Li in Shanxian County

Ziyi was killed on the spot. Sun Xingzhai, a special adviser of the 11th District of the Kuomintang, immediately sent his subordinate Zhao Zhiqing, head of the First Regiment, to take over as the magistrate of Cao County, and he was still active in the southern part of Cao County. At that time, Zhu Xiaotang, the traitor county magistrate in Cao County, and his puppet army had already received a "talisman" from He Siyuan, chairman of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Government, and was reorganized into the "New 19th Security Brigade", and the big traitor Zhu Xiaotang became the commander of the 19th Kuomintang Security Brigade.

On the 13th day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar in 1945, the People's Liberation Army liberated Cao County, and all the puppet troops were annihilated.

In the summer of 1947, Zhu Xiaotang was arrested in Minquan County, Henan Province, and the Cao County People's Government held a mass meeting in Confucian Temple Square to announce his guilt and execute him on the spot.

In the summer of 1946, the People's Liberation Army in southwestern Shandong was transferred to the north of the Yellow River, and Sun Xingzhai, commissioner of the 11th District of Shandong of the Kuomintang, and Zhao Zhiqing, magistrate of Cao County, took the opportunity to lead their troops into the county seat. They thought they had won, and the officials, big and small, were busy taking over their families and securing the mansion, preparing to live a life of eunuchs in the city comfortably and comfortably. On the fifth day of the first lunar month in 1947, the People's Liberation Army liberated the county seat again, killing and capturing many officials of the security brigade and the county government. Commissioner Sun Xingzhai and county magistrate Zhao Zhiqing absconded in disguise.

In the summer of 1947, Pang Jingtang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Shandong Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang, sent Chao Guangshun (a native of Heze) to take over as the commissioner of the 11th District Administrative Office and the commander of the 23rd Security Brigade. Sun Xingzhai was removed and reappointed as a commissioner of Qingdao Rongyan; County magistrate Zhao Zhiqing also resigned. Chao Guangshun immediately appointed Wei Xiaoyu as the magistrate of Cao County.

Twenty-eighth, Wei Xiaoyu

Summer of the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947 AD)

The vast area northwest of Cao County was an anti-Japanese base area, and after the surrender of the Japanese invaders, the situation was very stable. However, the southern and eastern parts of Cao County belonged to the areas where the Communist Party and the Kuomintang were competing with each other, and a state of see-saw was formed. Most of the landlords and rich peasants fled to Shangqiu. The Kuomintang Caoxian County Government took advantage of loopholes, and for a while they ran into the county seat, and then ran out. In the autumn of 1947, the county magistrate Wei Xiaoyu (Wei Xiaoyu) rushed into the county seat once, and as soon as he entered the county yamen, he was afraid that the Eighth Route Army would besiege the city, so he hurriedly ran out. At that time, Shangqiu was the defense area of Chiang Kai-shek's New Fifth Army, so the county magistrate Wei Xiaoyu and the commissioner Chao Guangshun both set up the "Yamen" in Shangqiu.

Wei Xiaoyu grasped the distribution of grain and money very tightly, and the grain ornaments he deducted kept putting in his pockets. The masses called it "Wei Hu". He was also very stingy about the supply of his boss Chao Guangshun. In the winter of 1947, Chao Guangshun dismissed Wei Xiaoyu on charges of embezzlement and sent him to Jinan. At the behest of Li Wenzhai, a legislator of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, Wang Shicun was elected as the magistrate of Cao County.

Twenty-nine, Wang Shi Village

The 36th year of the Republic of China - the 37th year (1947-1948)

Wang Shicun, a native of Tianzhuang in the north of Cao County, an old member of the Kuomintang, with Li Wenzhai, a member of the Central Legislative Council, as the backstage, and local relatives and friends below, it seems that the conditions for being the magistrate of Cao County are superior. However, the situation of grassland was developing rapidly, the vast rural areas of eastern Henan and western Luxi were carrying out land reform, and the Longhai line was about to be liberated, and Wang Shicun was powerless to reverse the dangerous situation he was facing.

On the 19th day of the first lunar month of 1948, he once ran into the county seat, but immediately ran out again. Commissioner Chao Guangshun sent supplies to Wang Shi Village, but Wang Shi Village's supply was not effective, Chao Guangshun was extremely dissatisfied, and ordered Wang Shi Village to hand over the county seal to Wang Maoting. Wang Shicun refused to hand over the seal, and under the urging of Chao Guangshun, it took a month to handle the handover, and then went to Nanjing to file a complaint.

30. Wang Maoting

Summer of the 37th year of the Republic of China - Winter of the same year (1948 AD)

Wang Maoting, a native of Qihe, Shandong, is a graduate of the 17th phase of the Huangpu Military Academy. In 1942, he was sent to the 23rd Security Brigade as a staff officer by the Luxi Administration of Shandong Province, and was later promoted to chief of staff of the brigade headquarters, and took over as the county magistrate of Cao County in July 1948.

Although Wang Maoting took over as the county magistrate, he did not dare to enter the county seat of Cao County, and even the old Yellow River old road on the southern border of Cao County did not dare to be regarded as a place of refuge.

In the winter of 1948, the Kuomintang Shandong 11th District Special Administration and the Cao County Government were defeated by the People's Liberation Army in Shitun, north of Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, and the Cao County magistrate under the Kuomintang Nanjing Government came to an end. Chao Guangshun and Wang Maoting fled to Jiangnan.

Sources:

Cao County Cultural and Historical Materials, Volume 2 (December 1986)