Monk Wanyan Chen is biography
Monk Wanyan Chen (1192-1232), Jurchen ethnic group, whose real name was Wanyan Yi and Zi Liangzuo, was a native of Fengzhou (present-day Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) and a famous general at the end of Jin.
The 100-year-old Jin Dynasty only raised one person
Monk Wanyan Chen was born in a family of military generals, his father sacrificed his life for the country, he took his father as an example since he was a child, hoping to serve the country.
In the last years of the Jin Dynasty, the Mongolia Empire rose and continued to encroach on the land of the Jin Dynasty. In 1213, the Mongolian army invaded the Jin Dynasty again, and the twenty-two-year-old monk Wanyan Chen was captured. The Mongolia lord valued his talent very much and ordered him to accompany him.
The monk Wanyan Chen did not want to serve the Mongolians, lived in Mongolia for more than a year, and asked to return to his hometown to visit his old mother on the grounds that his mother was in Fengzhou, and the Mongolia lord would send soldiers to supervise his return.
After arriving in Fengzhou, the monk Wanyan Chen consulted with his brother Wanyan Xilie, killed the watchers, and escaped with his mother, and the Mongolian army noticed it and divided its troops to intercept it. Monk Wanyan Chen avoided the pursuit from other roads, but lost his horse, and the brothers continued south with their mother in a deer antler cart, and finally returned to the Jin Dynasty after many hardships. Jin Xuanzong was very moved and awarded the two brothers official positions.
Monk Wanyan Chen served under Wanyan Xilie, and when he met Wang Wu, a master of articles at that time, he worshipped him as a teacher, studied Confucian classics such as "The Book of Filial Piety", "Analects" and "Zuo Chuan", and developed the habit of being diligent and studious.
In 1225, the monk Wanyan Chen followed Wanyan Xilie to Fangcheng County (now Fangcheng County, Henan Province). Wanyan Xilie was seriously ill, and Wanyan Chen was in charge of military affairs. At that time, there was a conflict between the two generals Li Taihe and Ge Yiweng, and the monk Wanyan Chen enforced the law impartially and sentenced Ge Yiweng to be punished with a cane. Ge Yiweng has always been fierce, but this time he suffered a loss, and he was not convinced, so he died of anger, and asked his wife to avenge himself before he died.
Ge Yiweng's wife had a strong temperament, and she laid firewood on the road she had to pass, sat on it, and claimed that if she could not punish the monk Yan Chen, she would set herself on fire and died. The officials in charge were afraid that the matter would be too big to end, so they had to arrest Monk Yan Chen.
Monk Wanyan Chen was imprisoned, but because of insufficient evidence, there was no verdict, and he was imprisoned for 18 months, but he still studied tirelessly.
Soon, Wanyan Xilie died of illness, Emperor Jin Ai felt that talents were rare, regardless of everyone's opposition, pardoned Wanyan Chen monk, and warned him: "Some people say that you killed someone because of personal grudges, you should not be pardoned, your brother died, I lost my famous general, so pardon you, the people of the world must say that I am unfair, you must serve the country, not in vain my hard work." Emperor Jin Ai appointed him as the chief general of the loyal and filial piety army, and Monk Wanyan Chen was moved to tears.
At that time, the loyal and filial piety army was composed of grassland tribes such as the Hui people, Qiang people, and Naiman people, as well as outlaws from the Central Plains. These people have strong combat effectiveness, fight bravely, are unruly, and are difficult to command. The loyal and filial piety army has become a strong force under the hands of monk Wanyan Chen.
In 1228, the Mongolian army invaded Dachangyuan (present-day Ningxian County, Gansu Province), and the monk Yan Chen was appointed as the vanguard. Before leaving, Monk Wanyan Chen bathed and changed clothes, put on armor and got on the horse, ready to sacrifice his life for the country. Under his influence, 400 loyal and filial soldiers were like a rainbow, defeating 8,000 Mongolian troops and achieving a great victory in Dachangwon. The news of the victory shook the whole country, and people said that this was the first major victory in more than two decades since the war with the Mongolia. Monk Wanyan Chen became famous all over the world within a day.
In the following years, the monk Wanyan Chen led the loyal and filial piety army to successively defeat the Mongolia army at Weizhou (Weihui City, Henan Province) and Huihui Valley (southeast of present-day Lantian County, Shaanxi Province), and made great achievements.
The victory of Monk Wanyan Chen could not change the fact that the Jin Dynasty was defeated on all fronts. In 1232, the Jin Dynasty mobilized 130,000 infantry and 20,000 cavalry, hoping to fight to the death against the Mongolia army in Dengzhou (present-day Dengzhou, Henan Province). The Mongolian army adopted the tactic of avoiding its edge, taking advantage of the swiftness and agility of the cavalry, and advanced towards Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province), where the Jin army was weakly defended.
After learning the news, the Jin army traveled day and night, and was already exhausted, and it snowed heavily halfway through, and the soldiers did not eat for three days, and many people lost their combat effectiveness. The Mongolian cavalry waited for work and broke the Jin army. After the monk Yan Chen led the remnants to retreat to Junzhou (present-day Yu County, Henan Province), the Mongolian army pursued closely, broke through Junzhou, and captured the monk Yan Chen.
Monk Wanyan Chen had already had the idea of sacrificing his life for the country, and said to the Mongolians: "I am Monk Wanyan Chen, the general of the loyal and filial army, and I am the one who has defeated your Mongolia army many times." I died today, and I want the world to know that I have lived up to the country. ”
The Mongolian broke his legs, cut his mouth open, and tried to make him submit, but the monk Yan Chen still cursed, and finally died for the country at the age of forty-one.
The Mongolia lord was very impressed and said to him: "Good man, if there is an afterlife, I will definitely make you my subordinate." ”
The heroic deeds of Wanyan Chen monk have been passed down through the ages, and the Jin Dynasty poet Yuan Haowen personally wrote an inscription for him, commenting: "The country has only cultivated Wanyan Chen monk for more than 100 years." ”
This article is excerpted from "Twenty-four Histories Read Now, Language and History Are Progressing" - the eleventh volume of "Golden History", which is officially authorized to be published, welcome to continue to pay attention.