#长文创作激励计划#
Radar is an electronic device that uses electromagnetic waves to detect targets, and its structure is not as complex as we imagined, mainly including transmitters, receivers, processing parts, and necessary displays and power supply equipment.
Through the transmitter radar, electromagnetic waves can be emitted to irradiate the locked target and receive its echo, so as to obtain the corresponding target information such as the distance, altitude and azimuth of the target.
In the modern military field, the application of radar is also extremely extensive, and it is divided according to its use.
Vita can be divided into tracking radar, fire control radar, reconnaissance radar and early warning radar, of course, the use of early warning radar at the national defense level is obviously more prominent, after all, this radar can better detect and track air targets, provide early warning for air defense systems.
So what is the level of early warning radar in China, United States and Russia now?
1. United States early warning radar
First of all, let's talk about the situation of United States, as the world's largest economy and the number one science and technology power, United States has certainly achieved a comprehensive lead in the economy and science and technology.
Naturally, there has been no relaxation in the slightest regarding radar, which is extremely widely used in the military field and related to national defense and security.
In the late 1880s, physicists in Germany conducted the first classical electromagnetic radiation experiment, and then the concept of radar was born, and many Western countries at that time also conducted in-depth research and discussion on related technologies, and the United States was no exception.
In the 30s of the last century, the related technology of United States was already very mature.
The first radar for military use was developed by the United Kingdom in 1935 to detect incoming naval enemies, and after 1940, the United States also manufactured quite advanced radar equipment and introduced it into the system of the army and navy.
It is worth noting that the word radar itself was coined by the United States Navy at that time.
With the passage of time, the radar research and development technology of United States has become more and more mature, and then it has also begun to produce multi-purpose radars and carry them on some modern military equipment, which has also greatly enriched the military strength of the United States.
However, the R&D and manufacturing technology of early warning radar in United States seems to have been stagnant in the 70s of the last century.
The mainstream early warning radar "Pave Claw" used in United States is a product of the 70s of the last century, so how good is the performance of this radar?
From the point of view of basic parameters, this radar adopts a relatively advanced phased array technology, using an all-solid-state electronic scanning method, and its detection surface can cover 270 degrees.
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This gives the radar a strong detection capability, and its detection range for some missiles and other high-speed targets can reach about 5,500 kilometers, and its target detection and tracking capabilities are actually very powerful.
In addition, the radar also adopts very advanced signal processing and data processing technology, which is able to classify and automatically identify targets well.
In this way, we can reduce the false alarm rate and reduce the unnecessary consumption of human resources, although the air warning capability of this radar is stronger, and the detection range is relatively large, but this radar does not have a strong sea and ground warning capability.
Because the relevant technology research and development may not take into account the fixed influence of the earth region at the beginning of manufacturing, this aspect of the defect may also affect the specific detection performance of the radar.
On the whole, this radar is actually outdated, so why not develop a more advanced early warning radar on the part of the United States?
In fact, it is not that the technology in United States cannot meet the corresponding standards to develop more advanced early warning radar equipment, but because the needs of United States have shifted.
Now the United States is more inclined to develop those early warning aircraft with high flexibility, rather than such fixed early warning radars.
After all, this fixed radar itself has some corresponding limitations, and through those advanced early warning aircraft, the United States can also meet the relevant early warning and protection needs at the national defense level.
Second, Russia can reach 6,000 km
Next, let's take a look at the situation in Russia, in fact, Russia is also a military industrial power, and the related military industrial technology has reached a historical peak in the former Soviet era.
In the 60s of the last century, the Soviet Union, under the pressure of the international situation, in order to prevent the attack of United States missiles, extensively set up super-large radar arrays in the territory.
This integrated radar was the most powerful Duga early warning radar on the Soviet side.
The detection range of this radar is actually farther than the early warning radar of United States, which can reach more than 6,000 kilometers, in addition, this radar also has the function of global communication jamming for up to 8 seconds.
If this feature is turned on, any channel of shortwave communication within its detection and influence range will be affected, and a noise similar to that of a woodpecker pecking at wood will be heard when using the shortwave communication channel.
It has to be said that such an electronic channel jamming function is still very powerful.
Although this kind of radar has an extremely wide detection range and has the function of electronic jamming, this kind of radar also has corresponding disadvantages.
First of all, on the one hand, the detection capability of this radar for low-flying targets and sea targets is insufficient, and the early warning capability will also be affected as a result.
Secondly, the power consumption generated by this radar in the process of use is also very amazing, and the power consumption can reach more than 100,000 kWh in a day.
In order to maintain this early warning, the Soviet Union also built a large number of power stations before the use of radar, and there was a consideration for the construction of nuclear power plants.
After the time came to the present, Russia did not conduct in-depth research and exploration at the level of large-scale early warning radar, and still continued to use this integrated array radar in the former Soviet Union.
As for the reason, it is actually more similar to the United States, after all, compared with this fixed large radar, the early warning aircraft is much more flexible, and the related resource consumption is further reduced.
Coupled with the gradual deepening of UAV technology, as long as the volume and scale of early warning aircraft can be increased as much as possible, it seems that there is no need to improve the detection range of this fixed early warning radar.
Third, what is the level of China?
The early warning radar in United States and Russia has excellent performance and an extremely wide detection range, although it has certain defects, it can still pass through the early warning aircraft.
and other modern flexible detection equipment to make up for it, so what is the level of China's early warning radar today? In fact, compared with the United States or the former Soviet Union, China's radar research and manufacturing technology started late.
However, for this kind of equipment related to national defense and security, our country naturally does not dare to relax in the slightest, and with the unremitting efforts of the mainland, our country also developed a super-large early warning radar in the 70s of the last century.
Although its detection range is slightly inferior to that of United States and Russia, the relevant research and development work has indeed accumulated deep experience for our country's subsequent early warning radar research and assembly technology.
In order to better improve the relevant technical level, our country also began to introduce Doppler radar technology from the West in the 80s of the last century, and then extensively studied and explored it. With the passage of time, our country's relevant technology has finally achieved a comprehensive catch-up with those developed countries in Europe and the United States.
Nowadays, the early warning radar used in our country has followed the active phased array and multi-beam adaptive technology independently developed by the mainland, and its performance is also quite excellent, and the detection range can reach about 4,000 kilometers.
Although the detection range is slightly inferior to that of United States and Russia, the accuracy and accuracy of detection are still quite high.
It is worth noting that this radar not only has a corresponding military use, but also can be put into civilian use.
In the case that some early warning targets are not detected, the atmosphere can also be detected to realize the function of forecasting meteorology.
Nowadays, our country is also comprehensively deploying such early warning radars in the eastern coastal areas of the mainland, so as to be able to further control the real-time situation within the territorial waters.
As for the land range, our country does not have a large-scale erection of such early warning radar detection equipment, after all, the construction cost of this kind of radar is extremely high, and the area is relatively extensive.
In addition, this kind of radar will even have a certain impact on the surrounding environment, and the most important point is that this fixed early warning radar will actually receive special care in wartime, and does not have the flexibility and survivability of early warning aircraft.
The problem of insufficient detection range can be made up by increasing the scale and volume of early warning aircraft.
brief summary
Early warning radar is very good at detecting and tracking relevant targets, and also has an extremely wide detection range, which can provide early warning for air defense systems.
As far as the current situation is concerned, the comparison of early warning radars between China, the United States and Russia also has its own advantages, and the detection range of early warning radars in United States and Russia is more extensive, but when it comes to the accuracy of radar detection and the degree of advanced technology related to it, our country is in the first place.
However, at present, both the mainland and the United States and Russia are no longer optimistic about this fixed early warning radar, but are more inclined to develop more flexible early warning aircraft, and expand the size and scale of these early warning aircraft.
After all, compared with the fixed early warning radar, the advantages of this early warning aircraft are more obvious, there is no fixed detection range limit, and it can better meet the requirements of national defense.
Reference:
Comparison of early warning radars between China, the United States and Russia: 5,500 km in United States, 6,000 km in Russia, what level is China?
Original2024-01-19 09:37·Popular science footprints