In history, what is the story of Chen Qiangcen?

Teacher Chen Qiangcen is a famous flute player, a national first-class performer, known as the "flute wizard" of Fujian, a provincial representative inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity (Nanyin), an educator, and a reform inventor of national musical instruments.

As a native of southern Fujian, Chen Qiangcen has always been with Nan Xiao throughout his artistic career, and the profound culture and inheritance and development of Nan Xiao art have always influenced and influenced him.

I was admitted to the Fujian Provincial Song and Dance Troupe in 78, before that, I went to the countryside in 69, and I took the initiative to ask for it, because the only child at that time did not need to go to the countryside, but I felt that at my age I should be looking for a place to exercise, so I took the initiative to sign up. In 70 years, assigned to the literary and artistic propaganda team in Qingliu, he stayed until 78 years, and there was just an opportunity, just when our Fujian Provincial Song and Dance Troupe was recruiting some instrumental music players, then I went to apply for the song and dance troupe as a bamboo flute player, and I was honored to be admitted. The family is very supportive, because his father is also a literary and artistic worker, so he is also very supportive of his own path to art, so he began to learn musical instruments and like music since he was a child, which is all influenced by his father, and he has a great influence on himself. At that time, when I was admitted to the provincial song, I basically studied by myself, and when I entered the song and dance troupe, I found that there was still a big difference between our self-taught and professional, but fortunately, there were several teachers in the provincial song, and the old-timers in the folk music industry, they were very concerned about themselves, so they slowly adapted to the large group of the provincial troupe and played here. Later, in 81, the provincial song thought that I was not bad in all aspects, so I sent myself to the China Conservatory of Music for two years of study. I went to the China Conservatory of Music to worship two masters of the bamboo flute, and now China is also very famous, one is Feng Zicun of the northern school, and the other is Zhao Songting of the southern school. The past two years at the China Conservatory of Music have been a leap in my life. After coming back in those two years, I also learned the south and the north, so this kind of thing that I felt half-understood about my life, especially what I had learned before, was suddenly very standardized and professional, so I slowly embarked on the road of professionalism. After making a qualitative leap in art, Chen Qiangcen's life also has a new turning point and starting point. During his two years of study at the China Conservatory of Music, his flute playing technique absorbed the essence of the art of the northern and southern schools, reaching a new height, and also laid the foundation for his future study of the reform of the southern flute. I am very fortunate to say that when I was studying in Beijing and at the China Conservatory of Music, I occasionally visited a musical instrument research institute, which displayed a variety of different styles and ethnic instruments across the country, and saw our group of "four big" musical instruments of Nanyin, especially when I saw our Dong Xiao, that I felt that we were in Fujian, and I felt that if it could be applied to our entire orchestra, it would be very good, so I had an idea at that time. It's how to carry forward our Nanyin dong flute, so as soon as I came back at that time, I began to work and began to develop our Nanyin dong flute, because this Nanyin dong flute, it itself has 6 holes, so it is very inconvenient in performance and modulation, so I started, since 82, I have improved this flute. A lot of this is based on experience, especially in the improvement of this piece, you must, for example, the tradition, the foundation of the traditional Nanyin Dong Xiao, you must be very solid, you have to learn it thoroughly, you can want to say where to improve, at the beginning of my own song and dance troupe, this Xiao himself does not understand, the tradition does not understand, so it is also a special trip to Quanzhou to visit these old artists, from them learned a lot of some of its traditional mysteries, the instrument to play different styles, and to be able to transpose convenient, Then I must add the key, because I also learned clarinet when I was in the Qingliu Propaganda Team, so I said that I borrowed and introduced all the good things that I could introduce to us, and in the improvement of my flute. Until 83 years, it took me a year or two to complete a keyed flute. When we applied this keyed flute in our orchestra, everyone felt that it was completely different from the previous flute, one was transposable, and the other was that it retained the sound quality of its original flute, so it was still recognized at that time. In 1986, Chen Qiangcen's first reformed "keyed ruler eight southern flutes" was successfully developed. While inheriting the traditional soft music of the Nan Xiao, it also integrates the achievements of the reform of the traditional Chinese seven-tone scale with the 24 major and minor keys and 12 equal temperaments of the Western orchestra, so that the Dong Xiao has a broader space for expression. In the same year, it won the third prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Culture. So after the first hole flute was improved, it was used in the band, and everyone thought it was very good, so I went to participate in a science and technology award of the Ministry of Culture in 86 years, and won a third prize in science and technology of the Ministry of Culture, which was in the province, maybe it was my first, and the province was the first to win the award, so the province was also very concerned at that time, and the leaders were all aspects, so they were on this basis, since they were improved, they must be displayed on the stage, so at that time, we were the composer Wu Shaoxiong in the province, is also a young man, he wrote a tune "Xiangyue Sanyun" specifically for this improved flute, and participated in a national TV Grand Prix in 86, at that time, it was this song written with this flute, that is, to try to give full play to a performance of this flute, and write all its performance into it, at that time, this song was also a sensation in the country, and there was also a movie in 86, "Bitter Love", which was also a film specially designed for this flute, and a film cooperated with the Shanghai Film Orchestra, So at that time, it was also the cooperation between this flute and the whole symphony, and the effect was very good, so after the improvement of these instruments, there were works, and there were different bands, so everyone felt that this improvement was very successful, so on this basis, I thought that I couldn't stay in one, I wanted to say, if you want to enter the orchestra, you must at least have three high, medium and low, so at that time, I began to think about how to develop and develop it. It is equivalent to saying that the alto is a traditional improvement, and the treble and bass are all remade, redesigned, and remade a new instrument. There is also one, this is a high-pitched one, so the formation of a group of high, medium, low, this high, high and low out, its whole sound is different, our song and dance theater at that time rehearsed a "Silk Sea Xiao Yin", that is, through these three key flutes, at that time was also conducted by Chen Xieyang, he took these three flutes to Shanghai, and their Shanghai Symphony Orchestra combined this "Silk Sea Xiao Yin" dance drama music, which is very good. After three flutes, of course, I want to say that I can't stop like this anymore, at that time in 93 years, when I went to participate in a Ministry of Culture Science and Technology Award, he said that you won a prize at that time, and now there are three, they said that you won the Ministry of Culture Science and Technology Award twice for a small hole flute, and the Ministry of Culture Science and Technology Award was a very big award at that time, and I said that I was very happy, this is also fate, and the fate of the Xiao. After I finished, I began to want to say that no matter how big it is, I can't just do these three, and then I thought of a family, the key is to develop its bass, the most lacking of our Chinese national musical instruments is the bass part, so you are like our Chinese national orchestra, big national orchestra, now you don't even have your own bass part, are using Western men, bass to replace the bass of our national orchestra, this should not be, so I started to use my brains to do our bass flute, double bass fluteFrom more than two meters long to more than three meters long, the diameter of the pipe is almost 5 centimeters and 6 centimeters, the human gas is just a little bit, how do you pour to three meters long, how can you blow, and it is the tube, and you can't learn from the whistle or something, so on this issue, I have spent several years studying its mouthpiece, so I now use a kind of Xun, so as soon as I say it, they talk about it, no one thought to say that it can be like this, because our Xun is also very large, but how does it blow, shrink it, shrink the mouthpiece, After shrinking, there is only a small hole left, which blows in, it also produces a great resonance in it, which is the principle of using Xun, and then returns to our Tang Dynasty, the earliest Tang Dynasty Xiao is the outer incision, our current Xiao is the inner incision, the outer incision, is a new principle, plus the principle of the Tang Dynasty Xiao external incision, of course, there are many scientific principles in it, so if you blow it out, the whole is different, its vibration, especially to the bass is very good, so after this is done, then now, It's a whole resonance that's very good. Otherwise, if you have such a big mouth, you won't be able to blow it no matter how much you blow. Another is the key, the principle of the key, because it has no way, the fingers can no longer be pressed, must be concentrated in the six holes in the press, and our traditional flute, although it is a key, but its change hole, and our traditional change hole is exactly the same, so they take it, immediately can blow, as long as you adapt to the mouthpiece, when needed, for example, the little finger this two more keys, when you need to press, this press to the bottom, this is also a linkage key, It's exactly the same as the traditional first one we just had.

In China's national musical instruments, the flute has a very long history, divided into the north flute and the south flute, the south flute is mainly based on the Nanyin cave flute in Quanzhou, and has always been one of the "four major pieces" of Quanzhou Nanyin, the sound is low, suitable for expressing the sad and desolate scene, and has strong artistic penetration. The biggest feature of our flute is that the tube vibrates, the flute and the flute are actually one family, originally called the flute, and then the Tang Dynasty began to separate, the vertical blow is called the flute, the horizontal blow is also called the flute, in fact, its vibration principle is the same. For example, our flute, it has two biggest features, one is to punch the back hole, the thumb punch, originally this hole is the most difficult, such as the thumb if you want to move, the slowest speed, so it is now replaced by a net, instead of this thumb, and the vibrato of the thumb is replaced by b. There is also a two-finger tremor, originally the vibrato only has one finger tremor, the biggest feature of our flute, is that it can also tremble, so these two form a very important performance technique for us is also the style of Nanyin, so this in our Chinese wind music, all wind instruments only have these two skills in our Nanyin Dong Xiao, I have been learning these two skills, in all the future performances, in the future songs, I have these two skills throughout the song, that effect is very good.