If you want to cook dishes, it depends on us Chinese, no matter which part of the body, as long as it can be eaten, you can change the pattern to make delicious, take this chicken paw as an example, look at no meat is all bones, but can be made including but not limited to marinated chicken feet, tiger skin chicken feet, lemon chicken feet and other flavors, more importantly, two mouthfuls of marinade or sauce.
All meatless meat is for the sake of taste
However, it seems that some friends have a psychological shadow, because sometimes the crutches on the raw chicken feet we buy will swell up into a big bag, and yellow liquid will flow out of it, this is because this chicken unfortunately suffered from arthritis and was infected with Mycoplasma synovial cyst, which is a member of the family that causes everyone's cough every spring and winter.
In fact, the chicken feet you bought are likely to have ......
Source: Xiaohongshu @金香elbow子
Mycoplasma synovial cyst is also mainly airborne in chickens and can also cause respiratory symptoms, but as the name suggests, it can also cause swelling of the joints and the formation of fluid in the synovial sac.
The good news is that this mycoplasma does not infect humans, and it is not easy to be susceptible even to mammals, and it is okay to wash and eat, even the large intestine can be eaten after washing and cooking, not to mention an arthritic chicken claw that is harmless to humans?
However, swollen joints not only bother chickens, but also bother many people, such as knee joints, you must know that "knee replacement" has become a very common operation in many elderly people or athletes, why people's knees are so fragile even if they are not infected?
Because you stand up, do you have arthritis?
The structure of the knee joint is quite complex, for example, in addition to the inner and outer ligaments, there are anterior cruciate ligaments and posterior cruciate ligaments inside the joint, and the cruciate ligament that we often hear about athletes is broken here, and the cruciate ligament can prevent the tibia (that is, the lower leg bone we commonly call it) from moving forward and rotating, once it is broken, it is basically goodbye to the athlete's career.
The two crossed ligaments in the middle are the cruciate ligaments
For example, the meniscus and articular cartilage, due to the abundance of protein fibers in the structure, they are very tough, no matter what exercise you do, when the knee joint is impacted, they can evenly distribute the force, without concentrating on a certain point, playing a role in shock absorption. Walking hurts when the meniscus is worn out because the force is concentrated in the weakest place.
The layer of the capsule that wraps around the knee joint is the synovial sac, which lubricates the knee joint when it moves and nourishes the cartilage. The joint fluid is usually only a few milliliters, but if the knee joint is injured and produces joint effusion, it can even reach 100 milliliters, which can seriously affect motor function.
The knee joint is more like a consumable, and there are problems with overuse or unscientific use, such as osteoarthritis, which plagues nearly 500 million people around the world, usually caused by knee joint strain caused by overuse or excessive weight. Due to the extremely limited ability of cartilage regeneration, once the meniscus is worn to a certain extent, it can only delay the progression of the disease.
On the left side is a normal knee X-ray, and on the right side is a patient with osteoarthritis, and it can be seen that the articular cartilage and meniscus are very worn.
Osteoarthritis seems to have something to do with upright walking in humans. In 2020, researchers at Harvard University found that there was a significant overlap between the changes in the genetic sequence of the evolution of the human knee joint and that of patients with osteoarthritis. Later, they found in mice that changes in these risk sites can cause changes in joint morphology and increase the risk of osteoarthritis.
They speculate that osteoarthritis may be accompanied by the evolution of the knee joint brought about by bipedal walking, as the so-called fish and bear's paw cannot have both, but considering that bipedal walking frees up hands, so that human beings are so prosperous today, it is better to swell when it hurts, than to be exposed to the wind and sun in the wild.
Leg bending? Knee internal rotation?
In addition to overuse of the knee joint, the morphology of the knee joint may also increase the risk of osteoarthritis, such as the loop leg, fork leg and knee hyperextension, the scientific names of which are knee varus, knee valgus and knee flexion, respectively.
The method of judging is a bit complicated: we define the line between the center of the femoral head and the center of the ankle as a mechanical axis, which usually passes through the knee joint when viewed from the front or side; The line that connects the femur to the ankle from the center of the knee joint is called the anatomical axis. With the center of the knee joint as the vertex, the angle between the two axes is usually 172°~177°, that is, the knee joint itself has a certain angle of rotation.
When this angle is greater than 177°, i.e. genu valgum, the mechanical axis will shift inward; When this angle is less than 172°, it is called genu varum, and the mechanical axis will be offset outward; When the mechanical axis does not pass through the knee joint, the line falls in front of the knee joint, which is called genu recurvatum.
The dotted line is the mechanical axis, and the solid line is the anatomical axis. Picture A shows knee varus, Figure B shows knee valgus, and Figure C shows knee flexion, which is for reference only. Source: References[4]
Fortunately, these problems are usually caused by an imbalance of strength between the ligaments and muscles of the knee joint, and after evaluation, less severe problems can be improved by physical means such as functional exercises or support equipment.
For example, spreading a towel on the floor with the knee joints aligned can improve knee varus
Source: References[5]
Does running really hurt my knees?
I always see people say that they often run and their knees hurt, but in fact, there are many related factors, including but not limited to pace, the distance or time of a single run, the interval between each run, the total distance of each week, and even the running form or track, the choice of running shoes, and your own weight are all related factors, and it is difficult to judge what makes your knees hurt.
Under the experimental conditions of minimizing the interference of other factors, the thickness and volume of the knee articular cartilage decreased briefly after a single run, but returned to its original state after 48 hours. At present, studies are inclined to show that amateur running for leisure or fitness purposes does not increase the risk of osteoarthritis, and those who run 8~48km per week do not have an increased risk of osteoarthritis.
The high-intensity exercise of professional marathon runners can only slightly increase the risk of osteoarthritis, and of course they have a dedicated team to ensure their health, and few ordinary people can train as much as they do.
20km race walking Olympic champion Yang Jiayu, iron knee joint
Constant squeezing of the joint capsule while running is also beneficial to the previously mentioned joint fluid, which can better nourish the articular cartilage. Of course, if you are too heavy, the burden on the knee joint is already very heavy, so it is best to choose some other way to exercise.
In fact, some lifestyle habits are more likely to injure the knee joint. The knee is the most loaded and worn out during flexion, so it is not good for the knee joint to be cross-legged often.
There is also a squatting pit that we are very familiar with in the posture that puts a lot of pressure on the knee joint, so in order to protect the knee, don't squat while playing with your mobile phone!
bibliography
[1]. https://waddl.vetmed.wsu.edu/2022/11/10/mycoplasma-synoviae-fact-sheet/
[2]. Richard D, Liu Z, Cao J, Kiapour AM, Willen J, Yarlagadda S, Jagoda E, Kolachalama VB, Sieker JT, Chang GH, Muthuirulan P, Young M, Masson A, Konrad J, Hosseinzadeh S, Maridas DE, Rosen V, Krawetz R, Roach N, Capellini TD. Evolutionary Selection and Constraint on Human Knee Chondrocyte Regulation Impacts Osteoarthritis Risk. Cell. 2020 Apr 16; 181(2):362-381.e28. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.057. Epub 2020 Mar 26. PMID: 32220312; PMCID: PMC7179902.
[3]. https://www.who.int/zh/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/osteoarthritis
[4]. Vaienti E, Scita G, Ceccarelli F, Pogliacomi F. Understanding the human knee and its relationship to total knee replacement. Acta Biomed. 2017 Jun 7; 88(2S):6-16. doi: 10.23750/abm.v88i2-S.6507. PMID: 28657560; PMCID: PMC6178997.
[5]. Loudon JK, Goist HL, Loudon KL. Genu recurvatum syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 May; 27(5):361-7. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1998.27.5.361. PMID: 9580896.
[6]. Coburn SL, Crossley KM, Kemp JL, Warden SJ, West TJ, Bruder AM, Mentiplay BF, Culvenor AG. Is running good or bad for your knees? A systematic review and meta-analysis of cartilage morphology and composition changes in the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2023 Feb; 31(2):144-157. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.09.013. Epub 2022 Nov 17. PMID: 36402349.
[7]. Driban JB, Hootman JM, Sitler MR, Harris KP, Cattano NM. Is Participation in Certain Sports Associated With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review. J Athl Train. 2017 Jun 2; 52(6):497-506. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-50.2.08. Epub 2015 Jan 9. PMID: 25574790; PMCID: PMC5488840.
[8]. Burfield M, Sayers M, Buhmann R. The association between running volume and knee osteoarthritis prevalence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2023 May;61:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.02.003. Epub 2023 Feb 13. PMID: 36809693.
[9]. Dong X, Li C, Liu J, Huang P, Jiang G, Zhang M, Zhang W, Zhang X. The effect of running on knee joint cartilage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2021 Jan;47:147-155. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.11.030. Epub 2020 Nov 24. PMID: 33279802.
👇🏻 Get some super straight long legs 👇🏻
Written by | Xiao Xu
Part of the picture | Picture worm creativity
WeChat edit | Zhao Zhiyu