The content of this article is excerpted from "Chinese Biology 2035 Development Strategy"
1. Important frontier directions and key scientific issues
3. Hormones and Environmental Signals Regulate the Mechanism of Plant Morphogenesis and Growth and DevelopmentPlant hormones are a series of trace organic substances synthesized in plants, which work together with environmental signals to control all aspects of plant life activities through stem cell mediation, from seed dormancy, germination, vegetative growth and differentiation to reproduction, maturation and aging. The study of plant hormones and environmental signals has become an important way for people to recognize and understand the mysterious plant life phenomena, and is an important theoretical source for crop yield and quality regulation and breeding innovation. Since the launch of the major research project of "Molecular Mechanism of Plant Hormone Action", mainland scientists have achieved a number of world-class important and innovative research results, cultivated a large number of research teams in this field, and established the international influence of mainland China in this field. At present, although the receptors of plant hormones have been identified, and various hormone and environmental signaling pathways have been basically established, the understanding of the mechanism of hormones and environmental signals regulating plant morphogenesis and growth and development is still very limited. In the future, comprehensive and systematic research will be carried out on the precise regulation of plant hormones and environmental signals, the maintenance and differentiation of plant stem cells and meristems, the reprogramming and morphogenesis of plant plasticity, and the molecular regulatory network of plant morphogenesis and growth and development will be deeply understood, so as to provide theoretical guidance for further improving the regenerative ability of crops and promoting the development of agricultural biotechnology industry.
Key scientific issues: (1) the regulation of growth and development mediated by the homeostasis and dose effect of plant hormones; (2) Receptor identification, isolation of new regulatory factors, and analysis of signal transduction regulatory mechanisms of plant hormones (including peptides); (3) the molecular mechanisms of hormone interaction and hormone interaction with biological and environmental signals to regulate plant growth and development; (4) the mechanism of fate determination, lineage establishment, maintenance and differentiation of plant stem cells; (5) plant stem cell-mediated mechanisms for the formation of organs/cells/tissues (guard cells, cell walls, etc.); (6) the regulatory mechanism of plastic growth of plant organs/tissues; (7) Reprogramming of plant environmental plasticity and molecular regulatory networks of morphogenesis.
4. Mechanism of Plant Reproduction Regulation and Seed DevelopmentReproductive regulation and seed development are the most important stages in the plant life cycle, which is not only an important link in plant reproduction and genetic offspring, but also a critical period for the formation of important crop yield and quality. The regulation mechanism of reproductive regulation and key events in seed development is a major basic theoretical issue in the field of plant science, and it is also the core proposition of developmental biology research. In recent years, high-throughput analysis methods such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have provided opportunities for multi-level research on the genetic and epigenetic regulation of plant reproductive regulation and seed development. A number of important advances have been made in the regulatory mechanisms such as the differentiation of meristems and flower primordium cells at the apical stem of plants, the formation of floral organs, the initiation, differentiation and maturation of male and female gametophytes and gamete development, the formation of double fertilization process and its products, the activation of zygotes, the establishment of embryonic patterns, the occurrence of growth points, endosperm development, nutrient accumulation and embryonic-endosperm interaction. However, there is still a lack of systematic research on these key issues, such as spatiotemporal procedures, single cells, or tissue-to-whole relationships. Future research will further focus on cutting-edge scientific issues such as the regulatory mechanism of key links in the process of plant fertilization, the cell differentiation and organogenesis during the development of plant embryonic endosperm, and the regulatory mechanism of embryo-endosperm interaction, so as to effectively enhance the global leading role of basic scientific research on plants in mainland China and provide solid theoretical support for promoting agricultural molecular breeding.
Key scientific issues: (1) the regulatory mechanism and network of flower primordium and flower organ differentiation; (2) the initiation, cell fate determination and development mechanism of male and female gametophytes and gametes, and the molecular regulatory mechanism of male and female gametophyte interaction; (3) the regulatory mechanisms of double fertilization, zygote activation, polarity establishment and early embryonic occurrence, as well as the genetic regulatory mechanisms of non-fusion reproduction; (4) the regulatory mechanism of plant embryonic cell differentiation and organogenesis, embryonic-endosperm interaction; (5) the fate determination and developmental similarities and differences of monocotyledon endosperm, and the molecular basis of nutrient accumulation; (6) Epigenetic regulation mechanisms of seed development, as well as developmental and sequential regulatory mechanisms of seed maturity, dormancy and germination.
5. Structure and function of plant cellsThe cell is the basic unit of the plant body, and it is also the basis for various life activities of plants. The study of revealing the structure and function of plant cells has always been a hot topic and focus of botanical research. Plant cells have complex and delicate structures, in which various macromolecules, special structures and organelles are not only important components of cells, but also basic elements to complete various cellular activities. In addition, there are some unique cell structures, components, and organelles in plant cells. Previous studies have shown that plant cells control cell morphogenesis, organelle genesis and function, dynamic connections and interactions between organelles, cell plasticity development, and information exchange between cells and environmental factors through a precise regulatory system, thus forming a complete biological functional unit. Future research will reveal the mechanism and biological function of different structures and components of cells from different levels, elucidate the connections and interaction patterns between cell components, clarify the basic structure of cells, various cellular activities that occur within cells, and the relationship between structure and function, and reveal how life activities are carried out in cells.
Key scientific issues: (1) the mechanism and biological function of plant cell wall and its components; (2) the structure and function of plant cytoskeleton; (3) the generation and function of cell membrane and endomembrane systems; (4) the mechanism of protein sorting and vesicle trafficking; (5) the dynamic relationship and interaction between the occurrence, structure and function of organellas (including membrane-free organelles); (6) Regulatory mechanism of autophagy in plant cells.
6. Mechanism of interaction between plants and biological and environmental factorsWhether in natural or artificial agricultural ecosystems, plants interact dynamically with biological factors (such as pathogenic or symbiotic microorganisms, microbial communities, insects and other plants, etc.) and environmental factors (such as light, temperature, water, air, salt, and pH) at all levels. The study of how plants sense and adapt to biological and environmental factors is not only a major basic science problem in the field of plant science, but also a major demand for the sustainable and efficient development of agriculture in the mainland. In recent years, mainland scientists have preliminarily elucidated the mechanism of plant immunity to pathogenic microorganisms and the interaction mechanism between them and beneficial microorganisms, revealed the signaling pathways of plants in response to abiotic stresses, and identified some important signaling pathway components. However, it is still unclear how plant growth and development adapt to the environment, accurately distinguish between beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms, and establish symbiotic or defensive responses in complex interaction systems that contain multiple types and levels. Little is known about the precise and multi-dimensional perception process of plants to different biological signals and stress signals, the interaction between different biological signals and stress resistance signals, and the impact on plant growth and development. In the future, the analysis of these basic biological problems will provide important genetic resources for modern crop molecular breeding, and provide a theoretical basis for improving crop yield potential and ensuring high and stable crop yield under poor ecological environment.
Key scientific issues: (1) Systematic analysis and target reconstruction of plant-other organism interactions; (2) the molecular mechanism of plant-symbiotic microbial interaction; (3) plant synergistic microbiome (non-pathogenic, non-symbiotic) adaptation to the environment (nutrient absorption, disease, stress) and its interaction mechanism; (4) molecular regulatory mechanisms for plants to perceive and respond to stress signals and adapt to compound stress; (5) molecular regulation mechanisms of plant immunity and new molecular mining; (6) Exploration and mechanism study of new biological phenomena of plant resistance to stress and molecular design of "super stress-resistant plants".
7. Photosynthesis, the molecular basis of important plant physiological processes such as photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, provides material and energy sources for almost all life activities on the earth by converting light energy into chemical energy and inorganic matter into organic matter; Biological nitrogen fixation reduces molecular nitrogen to ammonia, which is an important way for plants to obtain nitrogen nutrition. The study of the molecular basis of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation mechanism can provide theoretical guidance for improving the efficiency of plant light energy conversion and reducing the application of agricultural fertilizers, and has important theoretical significance and application value for solving the problems of food, energy and environment faced by human society. Although a large number of studies have been carried out on the mechanism of photoenergy conversion and the symbiotic nitrogen fixation mechanism of leguminous plants in the past, a series of important progress has been made, but photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation are extremely complex biochemical processes, and there are still many bottlenecks in their research. Changes in the global climate and environment have led to major changes in the light environment and soil environment for plant growth, which profoundly affect the photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation efficiency of plants. In the future, combined with the current environmental factors, the mechanism of plant photosynthesis will be revealed from the aspects of photosynthetic membrane protein, photosynthetic energy conversion, photosynthetic carbon metabolism and assimilation, light signal transduction and light energy utilization, and the mechanism of plant nitrogen fixation will be clarified from the aspects of plant and microbial signal recognition, efficient symbiosis between host plants and rhizobia, and transformation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation of non-leguminous plants, so as to comprehensively improve people's understanding of the two important physiological processes, and provide a theoretical basis for opening up new ways of solar energy utilization and nitrogen source utilization.
Key scientific issues: (1) the structure and function of photosynthetic membrane proteins, the mechanism of photosynthetic energy absorption, transmission and transformation, and the regulatory network of photosynthetic carbon metabolism and assimilation product distribution and transportation; (2) the molecular regulation mechanism of nucleus and chloroplast interaction; (3) the synergistic regulation of light signals and other environmental signals in the regulation of plant development, the efficient utilization of light energy and the reconstruction of the transformation system of light energy fixation; (4) the signal recognition mechanism between plants and rhizobia; (5) the molecular regulation mechanism of nitrogen-fixing root nodules, mycorrhizal symbiosis and nitrogen fixation; (6) Reconstruction and efficient utilization of symbiotic nitrogen fixation and plant nitrogen fixation systems of non-leguminous plants.
8. Plant nutrition and environmental remediationWith the increase of CO2 content in the air and the deterioration of the soil environment, the study of plant nutrition and environmental remediation mechanism has become one of the important contents of botanical research. At present, the research in this field is no longer limited to the classic topic of efficient absorption and utilization of 14 essential mineral elements, but is facing many new and urgent challenges, including the competition and synergy between high CO2 and mineral nutrients, the identification and selective absorption of essential nutrients and non-essential elements, etc. Therefore, how to accurately identify and perceive the types and abundance and deficiency of mineral elements in and out of vivo and in vivo, how to coordinate the assimilation of CO2 and minerals to adapt to the new requirements of high carbon and low fertilizer, how to regulate the absorption and distribution of toxic elements, and how to respond to new soil and atmospheric conditions in the construction and development of important plant organs have become important scientific problems to be solved in the field of plant nutrition in the future. The answers to these questions will not only greatly enrich the basic theories of mineral nutrient regulation and heavy metal phytoremediation, and promote people's understanding of the more complex connotation of plant mineral nutrition under the new situation, but also lay a theoretical foundation for cultivating new green crops with high nutrient efficiency, low accumulation of heavy metals, and safe production and restoration.
Key scientific questions: (1) the mechanism of recognition and perception of mineral nutrients by plant cells; (2) the interaction between carbon assimilation and mineral nutrition; (3) the mechanism of heavy metal absorption, distribution and detoxification; (4) the molecular regulation mechanism and homeostasis of ion-selective absorption; (5) the regulatory mechanism of mineral nutrition on organ development; and (6) molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of plant responses to nutrient stress.
9. Plant chromatin structure and epigenetics regulate chromosome and histone modifications. Since the "histone code hypothesis" was proposed, it has been found that chromatin and histone modification play an important role in the development of living organisms at multiple levels, such as the reprogramming of animal and plant cells, the stability of chromosomes, the orderly expression and regulation of somite genes, the occurrence of cancer, the growth and development of plants, stress responses, environmental adaptability, and the formation of important agronomic traits. In recent years, the development of high-resolution imaging and cryo-EM technology has provided a series of evidence for the importance of chromatin and histone modifications. However, how chromosome and histone modifications determine phenotypic development and environmental adaptation remains to be elucidated; How chromatin and histone modifications sense changes in the internal and external environment, and then regulate the growth and development of organisms; What are the new modification sites and their biological functions on histones? It is not clear. In addition, which histone modifications are associated with artificial and natural selection during long-term evolution, and whether these modifications may be involved in long or short-term memory, etc.; More importantly, which modifications are at the heart of histone modifications, how different histone modifications are synergistically regulated, and how they are involved in individual development at both transcriptional and non-transcriptional levels; Gene replication, dynamic changes in chromatin and histone modifications during transcription, and functional maintenance; Further research is needed. In the future, in-depth research on the above issues will comprehensively improve people's understanding of the basic regulatory mechanisms of life processes.
Key scientific questions: (1) mechanisms for the selection and establishment of epigenetic modifications on DNA sequences; (2) dynamic changes and transmission mechanisms of chromatin and epigenetic modifications during replication and transcription; (3) mechanisms of DNA and histone modifications regulating heterosis and parental imprinting; (4) epigenetic regulation mechanisms of plant traits and environmental adaptation; (5) the mechanism of action of RNA in epigenetics; and (6) the interaction between apparent modifications, as well as new modification sites and modification methods.
10. Synthetic Biology of Plant MetabolitesSynthetic biology is the design and transformation of some elements of living organisms or even the reconstruction of complete living organisms according to the concept of engineering. The rise and development of this discipline has provided the most opportune scientific and technological impetus for the transformation of mainland industrial and agricultural production to high efficiency and green. Plant metabolic biology is a discipline that studies the formation and function of metabolites, which can reveal the essential characteristics of life phenomena and life activities, including the molecular mechanisms of plant growth and development and environmental adaptation. In recent years, a series of breakthroughs have been made in the application of synthetic biology in the synthesis of plant metabolites (such as the synthesis of active natural compounds based on microbial cell factories), which has greatly promoted the development of plant metabolic biology. In the future, the research on synthetic biology of plant metabolites will focus on the identification and function of unknown plant metabolites, the analysis of key and important metabolic pathways, the evolution mechanism and ecological effects of plant metabolites, and the related labeling, tracing and multi-omics analysis, and on the other hand, it will be committed to the research and development of single-cell and multicellular plant chassis, so as to lay the foundation for the efficient synthesis of plant metabolites, in order to bring subversive changes to agriculture, industry and energy, and human health.
Key scientific issues: (1) identification and function of new structures of plant metabolites and mechanisms of synthesis of special metabolites; (2) Identification and functional analysis of key metabolic pathways and important metabolic networks in plants; (3) the molecular mechanisms and ecological effects of the evolution of plant metabolic diversity; (4) New technologies for plant metabolite labeling, tracing and multi-omics analysis; (5) Principles of mining, optimization and design of single-cell and multicellular plant chassis; (6) Reconstruction of synthetic pathways and efficient manufacturing of plant-derived active compounds.
11. Plant biology studies based on single-cell (molecular) analysis: There is heterogeneity between the various cell types in multicellular organisms. Revealing the laws, patterns and mechanisms of plant growth and development at the single-cell level is the main challenge facing botany today. Traditional methods are only capable of studying a few genes or proteins at the single-cell level, while global analysis at the genome level often requires tissue or organ samples. The differences between cells are obscured, so many important scientific questions in the field of basic botanical research, such as the fine regulation mechanisms within and between cells during plant development and susceptibility, remain unelucidated. In recent years, the rapid development of single-cell type isolation technology and single-cell sequencing technology has brought "omics" detection to the cellular level, creating conditions for the systematic study of the fine regulation mode and biological characteristics of individual cells in the process of growth and development. Using single-cell sequencing technology, we have gained a deeper understanding of the cell typing and developmental process of important tissues and organs (e.g., roots) of model plants. Combined with multi-omics analysis, the unknown regulatory mechanisms of genetics and epigenetics during plant development were preliminarily revealed. In the future, the development of single-cell (molecular) analysis technology will combine multi-omics data to comprehensively reveal the development trajectory of plant cell lineage, construct a fine gene expression regulatory network and epigenetic regulatory model, provide important support for the in-depth research of basic botany, provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of germplasm resources in modern precision agriculture research, and comprehensively improve people's understanding of the growth and development process of multicellular plants.
Key scientific questions: (1) plant-specific cell type isolation, cell-specific markers, and labeling methods; (2) accurate description of the developmental trajectory of plant cell lineage; (3) gene expression regulatory networks during plant development; (4) epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms and functions of plant development; (5) Multiomics studies of specific cell types (DNA, RNA, proteins, epigenetic modifications, metabolites, etc.).
12. The establishment of new models and new technology systems for plant research is an effective way to solve cutting-edge scientific problems such as the origin and evolution of life, growth and development and environmental adaptation, as well as the mechanism of important germplasm resources and their functional diversity. The rapid development of botany has largely relied on the successful application of molecular genetics in model organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, as well as the popularization of genomics in crops and other plants. However, the application of molecular genetics, genomics, bioinformatics and other technologies is close to a plateau. More representative model systems need to be developed urgently. Whether it can occupy a place in the cutting-edge theories, technologies, methods and platforms of discipline development and find new growth points is related to the sustainable development of continental botany. In future research, the selection of representative plant species with important system locations, special morphological structures or obvious economic value, and the establishment of high-throughput genetic transformation and gene editing systems will effectively improve the level and status of continental botanical research. Using cutting-edge technologies such as single-cell omics and artificial intelligence, a multi-dimensional and all-round digital intelligent analysis model is established to track various external and internal changes in the process of plant development, which will reveal the mystery of plant morphogenesis and evolution. The development of high-throughput phenomics data integration algorithm using multi-scale imaging technology to realize the correlation analysis of genotype and phenotype of plants under specific environmental conditions will promote the accurate design and creation of higher plants. The establishment of single-molecule microscopy imaging technology and multi-dimensional omics technology suitable for single cells, and the development of spatial multi-dimensional omics technology suitable for plant tissues can push the research to the single-cell and single-molecule level.
Key scientific issues: (1) the establishment of a new plant model system; (2) R&D of plant nanoparticle technology; (3) multidimensional omics; (4) phenomics in an artificially controlled environment; (5) High-resolution single-molecule microscopic imaging technology.
II. Emerging Interdisciplinary Directions and Key Scientific Issues 1. Photosynthesis and artificial simulation and synthesis of photosynthesis are the biochemical processes that make the largest use of solar energy on Earth. The development of modern science and technology provides a new platform and opportunity for the research and application of photosynthesis. Bioscience and technology (such as omics and gene editing technology) provide strong technical support for the efficient transformation and precise design and practice of photosynthesis. The development and application of physical techniques (such as ultrafast time-resolved laser spectroscopy and cryo-EM technology) can realize the exploration of the process of light energy transfer and transformation at higher time and space scales. Chemical techniques can simulate photosynthetic membrane protein complexes to synthesize inorganic catalysts. The latest synthetic biology techniques can provide the possibility for the artificial design and synthesis of photosynthetic circuits and metabolic pathways. The application of multidisciplinary technology has brought new major development opportunities to the study of photosynthesis mechanism, and a series of major breakthroughs and technological innovations are currently being bred in the field of photosynthesis research. In the future, focusing on the major scientific issues of efficient energy absorption, energy transfer, energy transfer and utilization mechanism of photosynthesis and the key technical issues of biomimetic simulation, interdisciplinary and joint research in botany, physics, chemistry and mathematics will be carried out, which will enrich and expand the research of condensed matter physics, quantum physics, catalytic chemistry and synthetic biology of complex systems, promote the cross-integration of the frontier fields of life science, physics and chemistry, and provide a basis for opening up new ways of solar energy utilization.
Key scientific issues: (1) structural elucidation and functional regulation of key photosynthetic membrane protein complexes; (2) molecular regulation and coupling mechanism of photoreaction and carbon assimilation; (3) pyrolysis mechanism of photosynthetic water; (4) synthetic biology of photosynthesis; (5) Artificial conversion of hydrogen production technology system; (6) Artificial simulation of photosynthetic water cracking.
2. Biomechanical response mechanism of plant morphologyThe complex morphological structure of organisms in nature has been driving mankind to explore the mysteries of nature. Unraveling the mechanism of complex and diverse plant organ morphology and structure is a core issue in the field of biology, and it is also a frontier and hot issue in the world. In recent years, the rapid development of computer simulation technology and its integration with mathematics and physics have made it possible for researchers to use computers to build mathematical models for various morphological structures, explore the connections between genotypes and phenotypes in a systematic and dynamic way, and quantitatively reveal the causes and mechanisms of morphological and structural diversification. By combining botany with physics, mathematics and computer simulation techniques, mainland scholars have revealed the important role of mechanical signals in regulating the coordinated growth and differentiation of cells, organ shaping and other processes, which has laid a good foundation for in-depth interdisciplinary research in this field. However, due to the limitations of research methods and technical means, the patterns and mechanisms of complex and diverse morphology and structure of organisms have not been fully resolved. In the future, through the in-depth intersection and integration of multiple disciplines, we will focus on the research on the processes and patterns of complex and diversified plant organ morphology and their biomechanical response mechanisms, and further elucidate the regulatory mechanism of plant organ morphogenesis from multiple perspectives, so as to provide new ideas and methods for the study of developmental biology and evolutionary developmental biology.
Key scientific questions: (1) plant cytoskeleton-cell membrane-cell wall continuum; (2) the signaling pathways of plants in response to mechanical forces; (3) mechanical signaling and organ shaping; (4) the process and pattern of complication of the morphology and structure of plant leaf sexual organs; (5) The regulatory mechanism of pollen tube turgor pressure and polar growth in plants.
III. Key Directions and Key Scientific Issues of International Cooperation 3. Molecular and Signaling Basis of Important Physiological and Developmental Processes in PlantsThe growth and development of plants is a complex and orderly process, which is precisely regulated by a variety of internal and external signals, and the understanding of the perception and mechanism of related signals is helpful to reveal the essence of plant growth and development, and provides important clues and foundations for the molecular improvement of important traits in crops. In recent years, through systematic research, mainland plant scientists have made important progress in the molecular mechanisms of plant reproductive development and seed development, the molecular mechanism of plant stress tolerance, the role of plant hormones and their molecular mechanisms, the epigenetic regulation of plant development, the genetics of plant evolution and development, and the signal transduction and intersection of important physiological processes such as photosynthesis and biological nitrogen fixation. In the future, further joint research on the international frontier issue of the signaling and molecular basis of important physiological and developmental processes of plants through efficient and substantive international cooperation, strong alliances, complementary advantages, and joint research will help to make breakthroughs in related fields and lead the forefront of international research.
Key scientific issues: (1) signal transduction and its intersection of important physiological and developmental regulation of plants; (2) epigenetic regulation mechanisms of important physiological and developmental processes in plants; (3) the signaling and molecular basis of plant developmental plasticity and environmental adaptation; (4) New ways for important signaling molecules (hormones, small peptides, etc.) to regulate plant growth and development.
4. Simulation, design and reconstruction of important plant structures and traits From the origin of green plants to the flourishing of angiosperms, plants have produced a series of traits of great significance in the long evolutionary process, which are the basis for plants to adapt to the earth's environment, especially the terrestrial environment, and reproduce. These important traits include: the symbiosis of chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells until they become an organelle that cannot survive on their own, changes in cell wall composition to cope with high UV exposure, the evolution of vascular tissues to support plant growth and efficient transport of water and nutrients, and the evolution of pollen tubes to free fertilization from water dependence. The study of the molecular mechanism of important evolutionary traits and the realization of complete or partial allogeneic reconstruction will solve major original and cutting-edge scientific problems in the field of plant evolutionary biology, and is also one of the most effective solutions to understand the evolutionary process and promote agricultural molecular breeding. In recent years, with the development of evolutionary biology, genetics, comparative genomics, molecular biology and developmental biology, the whole genome sequences of hundreds of plant species have been analyzed, and the framework of the tree of plant life has been basically established. In the future, through joint research with international counterparts, the study of major scientific issues involved in the "simulation, design and reconstruction of important evolutionary traits of plants" will not only greatly enhance the understanding of human understanding of plant evolution at the molecular level, but also have irreplaceable theoretical support significance for understanding the relationship between plants, the earth and human beings, and other major scientific and philosophical issues, and it is also a good opportunity for Chinese scientists to make breakthroughs in the study of plant evolutionary mechanisms and occupy a leading position in the world.
Key scientific questions: (1) chloroplast production and eukaryotic photosynthetic cell remodeling; (2) the origin, adaptation, evolution and reconstruction of plant cell wall; (3) the origin, adaptation, evolution and reconstruction of plant vascular tissues; (4) the origin and reconstruction of pollen tubes in seed plants; (5) reconstruction of angiosperm spermatocyte flagella; (6) The mechanism and reconstruction of the "secondary" evolution process of angiosperms from terrestrial to aquatic.
At the forefront of plant science, focusing on the frontier progress of plant science, the release of information, recruitment information and method software sharing. For submission and recruitment, please reply to "Submission" in the background, which are free of charge; For business cooperation, please contact WeChat ID: zwkxqy;