The construction of a national water network has drawn a picture of the century
The national water network is an important component of a modern infrastructure system. Water diversion and diversion, river and lake connectivity, and digital empowerment have accelerated the construction of a modern national water network on the new journey.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "adhere to the water control idea of giving priority to water conservation, spatial balance, systematic governance, and working with both hands" and "the construction of water network will be another century of pictures of the Chinese nation in the process of water control, and will be recorded in the annals of history for thousands of years".
Irrigation canals, the "capillaries" of the national water network, are the basic guarantee of food security.
In the golden autumn season, in the Weishan irrigation area on the Luxi Plain, a canal of the Yellow River water irrigates the fertile land. Wang Lihao, a large grain grower in Houjiang Village, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, sighed: "Fighting drought and winning a bumper harvest, the digital irrigation canal has been put to great use. ”
From "relying on the sky for food" to water diversion and irrigation, and then to today's fine water supply, the "smart upgrade" of an irrigation canal reflects the solid steps taken by the mainland's water conservancy modernization.
Over the past 75 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the mainland has made historic achievements and undergone historic changes in water control, and has built the world's largest, most extensive water conservancy infrastructure system with the largest number of beneficiaries and the largest number of people, providing solid water support for China's modernization.
The level of digitalization, networking, and intelligence of water conservancy construction has been continuously improved
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Optimize the layout, structure, function and system integration of infrastructure, and build a modern infrastructure system. ”
The three trunk canals are the backbone channels of Weishan Irrigation District, with a total length of 78.6 kilometers, connected to the main trunk canal and 24 cross-township trunk canals, with an irrigation area of 2.8 million mu. Intelligent high-definition cameras "guard" both sides of the channel, and grasp the working conditions, water conditions and other information of the three trunk canals in real time. "In the past, it was an earthen canal, and the irrigation water went all the way and leaked all the way. Now, the data is stored in the cloud, and after 3D simulation, the three trunk canals are 'installed' into the computer, and the irrigation efficiency is greatly improved. Liang Yichang, deputy chief of the Information Section of the Weishan Irrigation District Management Service Center, clicked the mouse, and the canal water was transported according to the instructions.
The earth canal becomes a "cloud" canal, and the water transfer, water distribution and water transmission are accurate and efficient. With the automatic track (cable) current measurement system, the current measurement time is saved by more than 50%, and the current measurement accuracy is increased by 3%. This year's summer irrigation, the large model generated 15 sets of drought analysis reports to help the water supply directly reach the drought-stricken areas.
Digital twin technology has taken root in the Weishan irrigation area. "247 kilometers of optical cables were laid along the canal, covering the entire line of the backbone channel; 11 large-scale control gate remote control systems and 1,182 water monitoring stations have been built, and digital transformation and upgrading have brought the modern management level of the irrigation area to a new level. Jiang Chonghai, director of the Weishan Irrigation District Management Service Center, said.
A canal witnesses the change of water conservancy. From "releasing water based on experience" to "supplying water according to data", behind it is the continuous improvement of the digital, networked and intelligent level of water conservancy construction.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the mainland has started the construction of a number of major water conservancy projects, accelerated the modernization and transformation of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, and promoted the high-quality development of rural water supply. In 2023, the irrigated area of cultivated land in mainland China will be 1.075 billion mu, an increase of 2.6 times over 1952, more than 7,300 large and medium-sized irrigation areas will be built, more than 22 million small farmland water conservancy projects such as pumping stations, machine wells, and pond dams will be built, and the rural tap water penetration rate will reach 90%.
Dujiangyan, a thousand-year-old irrigation area, operates the whole process of water diversion and distribution online, and the water source is "one-click direct"; Version 1.0 of the first phase of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has been completed and applied, and real-time monitoring and early warning of water quality indicators have been realized.
The construction of water conservancy projects has been accelerated in an all-round way, and the national investment in water conservancy construction has reached the level of one trillion yuan for two consecutive years, and the increasingly perfect modern water conservancy infrastructure system has helped high-quality economic and social development.
Strictly implement the determination of the city by water, the land by water, the people by water, and the production by water
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "adhere to the measure of water, water conservation priority" and "vigorously promote water conservation in agriculture, industry, urban and other fields".
The water of the Yellow River goes all the way along the three trunk canals and reaches Zhouzhuang Village, Jinhaozhuang Town, Linqing City, 110 kilometers away from the mountain gate. In the cornfield next to the canal, villager Wang Yubao counted the water-saving "artifact": a small intelligent irrigation facility of "pumping station + pipe irrigation" was set up every 50 meters in the field, and the "tap water" was no longer rushing.
The water-saving account brings out the revenue account. Wang Yubao counted with his fingers: "With the upper pipe irrigation, the cost of water, electricity, labor and other costs saves twenty or thirty yuan per mu, and I have managed more than 1,100 acres of land, saving more than 20,000 yuan at once." ”
Tiantou, smart water saving. More than 900,000 acres of farmland in Weishan Irrigation District have realized radio frequency card irrigation, water-saving technologies such as pipe irrigation and sprinkler irrigation have been continuously promoted, and the average water consumption per mu in the final water supply management demonstration area has been reduced from the original 170 cubic meters to 140 cubic meters.
From the field to the source, the whole process is water-saving. "The whole section of the three trunk canals is lined with hardening and reinforcement, and it is seepage-proof and leakage-proof. The sluices are like faucets, and the water control accuracy reaches the millimeter level. Wen Peiming, deputy director of the Weishan Irrigation District Management Service Center, introduced that the Weishan Irrigation District invested 2.252 billion yuan to continue to carry out the continuous construction of supporting transformations and water-saving projects for the introduction of yellow agriculture.
Agriculture is a big user of water. In the Weishan Irrigation District, from promoting water-saving irrigation in agriculture, to water-saving transformation in irrigation areas, to deepening the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices, the water of the Yellow River has been used on the "cutting edge".
A canal bears witness to the change in water use. From flood irrigation to fine irrigation, the concept of green development has taken root, and it is a profound change in the way the mainland's water resources are utilized.
Since the beginning of the new era, all regions and departments have strengthened the dual control of total water use intensity, strictly implemented the determination of cities by water, the land by water, the people by water, and the production by water, and continued to promote water conservation and efficiency improvement in agriculture, water conservation and emission reduction in industry, and water conservation and loss reduction in urban areas. Compared with 2014, the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP and the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value in mainland China in 2023 will decrease by 41.7% and 55.1% respectively.
The national water network guards the tranquility, protects the water supply, moistens the fertile land, and protects the ecology
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Accelerate the construction of the main skeleton and artery of the national water network, and provide a strong water security guarantee for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country." ”
At the downstream end of the canal system of the three trunk canals, Shijiazhai Village, Lanwo Township, Guanxian County, Liaocheng City, attracted water from the Yellow River. "In the past, it was far away and the amount of water was small, but now a pumping station has been built to pressurize and lift water, so you don't have to worry about watering the ground." Wang Zhifu, a villager in Shijiazhai Village, said.
Through the canal system and the construction of a pumping station, the water of the Yellow River follows the "capillaries" in the fields to the farmland of Shijiazhai Village, and the small farmers are connected to the large water network.
The Weishan Irrigation District is also fully connected to the national water network. Promote the reconstruction of the mountain gate, strengthen the main channel, and dredge the terminal canal system...... The irrigation area has accumulated more than 500 kilometers of lining canals, supporting nearly 2,000 buildings of various types, and the organic coordination of storage, diversion, lifting, irrigation and transfer, and the ability of project regulation and control has been significantly enhanced.
Open up the major arteries and smooth the microcirculation. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a number of major cross-basin and cross-regional water diversion projects have been completed, the South-to-North Water Diversion, the Yangtze River to Huai, the Han River to Weiwei, and the Tao Water Supply Project have played a role, the main skeleton and artery of the national water network have been accelerated, the construction of the backbone of the national water network has been continuously promoted, and the planning and construction of the water network at the provincial, municipal and county levels have been promoted in a coordinated manner.
The construction of a national water network with a complete system and smooth circulation has been accelerated to protect the safety of the land, ensure water supply, nourish fertile land, and protect the ecology. The water supply capacity of water conservancy projects in China has increased from 700 billion cubic meters in 2012 to more than 900 billion cubic meters today, and the allocation pattern of water resources has been optimized as a whole.
"We will anchor the overall goal of comprehensively improving the country's water security capacity, coordinate the governance of water disasters, water resources, water ecology and water environment, solidly promote the high-quality development of water conservancy, and provide a strong water security guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Water Resources said.