In the golden autumn of September, the breeze blows, the rice waves roll, in the Hongguang Farm in the Qianguo Irrigation District, the rice harvester shuttles back and forth through the thousands of kilometers of fields, and more than 3,300 hectares of rice here usher in the harvest season.
Qianguo County is the only Mongolia autonomous county in our province, with an area of 6,980 square kilometers and a cultivated land area of 5,254,100 mu, including 1,178,000 mu of paddy fields and 4,076,100 mu of dry fields, rich in corn, rice, soybeans and other crops.
Qianguo County focuses on "good land", "good seeds" and "good laws", explores and implements comprehensive planting and breeding of rice and crabs, makes every effort to promote rice production and quality improvement, and shoulders the responsibility of maintaining national food security. In 2023, the total grain output will reach 4.319 billion catties, ranking fourth in the province, of which the rice output will be 1.373 billion catties. In 2024, the county's rice transplanting area will be 1.178 million mu, and the rice output is expected to be more than 1.38 billion catties.
Grasp the construction of "good land" and stabilize the harvest
Walking into the Hongguang Farm in Qianguo Irrigation District, the fields are vertical and horizontal with agricultural roads, the ditches are connected, all the paddy fields are irrigated with water from the Songhua River, the layout of the field drainage canal system is reasonable, and each paddy field is designed according to the standard of 50 meters wide and 1000 meters long, forming a spectacular beauty of thousands of kilometers of fields. Canals, sluices and sluices are all over the countryside, and perfect farmland and water conservancy facilities are criss-crossed, storing grain in "water", which can be irrigated in drought and drained by waterlogging, which has become a strong support for agricultural production and has also laid a solid foundation for ensuring food security.
Since its establishment in 1964, after years of improvement and transformation, all 50,600 acres of paddy fields have been built into thousands of kilometers of paddy fields that are easier to manage and produce, and mechanized cultivation and harvesting have given new vitality to traditional farms. The farm covers an area of 5,898 hectares, including 3,374 hectares of paddy fields, and the farm's rice output will reach 34,000 tons this year, an increase of 1,000 tons over last year.
Since the spring of this year, Qianguo County has started from three aspects: engineering construction, quality supervision, and project acquisition, and has paid close attention to the construction of high-standard farmland. We should make every effort to do a good job in the construction of the project, increase the investment of construction personnel and machinery, rapidly promote the canal system and road projects in the paddy fields, and give priority to the field operation projects such as fertilizer, wells, and electricity that have a practical effect on increasing grain production. We will make every effort to do a good job in quality supervision, establish a "three-in-one" project quality monitoring mechanism of departmental supervision, professional supervision and mass participation, implement whole-process control of raw materials, process flow, construction technology, etc., strictly control the quality and process of the project, and effectively promote the high-quality development of high-standard farmland construction.
In 2024, 66,350 mu of high-standard farmland will be built in Qianguo County, and a total of 368,000 mu of high-standard farmland will be built, with a total investment of 934 million yuan, radiating 9 townships and towns. By repairing ditches, increasing organic fertilizer, and repairing field roads, the farmland farming environment is improved, and the yield per mu can be increased by more than 40 kilograms.
Ensure the supply of "good seeds" and promote a bumper harvest
Starting from the winter of 2023, in order to ensure the quality of seeds, promote the healthy development of the seed industry, and effectively safeguard the interests of farmers, the Qianguo County Agriculture and Rural Bureau will organize staff to take the initiative to settle in seed production enterprises and seed business enterprises, provide comprehensive service guidance, and continue to unremittingly promote the improvement and optimization of the business environment.
In the process of serving seed production enterprises, we pay attention to improving service quality, actively solve the problems encountered in the production and operation of enterprises, provide professional guidance, and help enterprises improve their management level. In view of the identity and qualification conditions of seed production and operation personnel, whether the seed production machinery and equipment and inspection equipment meet the standards, etc., the staff answered questions and solved doubts, so that the enterprise could truly experience the care and help of "mother-style" service. In order to crack down on counterfeit and shoddy seeds, infringement and other illegal acts, protect the rights and interests of farmers and enterprises, improve the understanding of laws and regulations of seed production enterprises, and guide seed business enterprises to operate in accordance with the law, the County Agriculture and Rural Bureau organized staff to go deep into seed business enterprises and seed production enterprises to carry out law popularization and publicity, dispatched 50 law enforcement vehicles, 65 staff, distributed more than 180 bound copies of the "Compilation of Laws and Regulations Related to Crop Seeds", and hung 10 safety production banners. Earnestly improve the legal awareness of production and operation enterprises, and strictly abide by the law.
Qianguo County implemented the revitalization of the seed industry, printed and distributed more than 10,000 manuals of the main varieties, supported the construction of breeding bases, focused on supporting the construction of rice breeding bases in Erma Pao Rice Industry, strengthened the promotion of "Zhong 8" saline-alkali tolerant rice of Honghe Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., and completed the construction of the northern japonica rice germplasm resource bank of Songliang Group. Promote the application scope of excellent varieties suitable for Qianguo County, such as Zhongkefa 5, Zhong8, Tianyuan 619, Tongyuan 518, Jinongda 128, and Jijing 830, expand the scope of pilot projects in an orderly manner, and standardize planting management.
Push the "good law" and double harvest in one field
In Hongguang Farm, organic fertilizer replaces chemical fertilizer, manual weeding replaces herbicide weeding, farm technicians in the production practice summed up the "three push, two early and one standard" rice high-yield cultivation model, all aspects of rice production have made clear standards and requirements, and in the production practice of continuous improvement. The yield per hectare of rice is close to 20,000 catties, and in 2008, the yield per mu of 100 mu of core square reached 882.9 kg, ranking first in the national single-season rice yield.
In recent years, Qianguo County has vigorously promoted the technology of deep fertilization on the side of rice, carried out 300,000 mu of green prevention and control and unified prevention and control technology in the Chagan Lake Basin, implemented a demonstration of 27,000 mu of rice straw returning to the field, and carried out more than 200,000 mu of comprehensive planting and breeding of rice crabs, so as to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and increase efficiency, improve the quality and yield of rice, and increase production and income.
In the crisp autumn season, walking into the Hangu Family Farm in Baiyilaga Township, Qianguo County Rice and Fishery Comprehensive Planting and Breeding Base, rice farmer Zhang Yanheng is catching a big fat rice field crab from the rice field, the rice here is growing well, and the rice crabs in the rice field have also ushered in a bumper harvest. This is his sixth year of farming rice crabs, which feed corn kernels, small fish, and can also feed on pests and eggs in the rice fields, thus greatly reducing the chance of insect infestation. Its excrement is a particularly good organic fertilizer for rice roots, which can improve the quality of rice. Zhang Yanheng said that it is really good to adopt the comprehensive planting and breeding model of rice and fishery, and the symbiosis of rice and crabs, crabs and crabs have achieved dual use of one water and two harvests in one land, and have also improved the quality of rice and the yield of rice crabs. From the initial trial to the current mass production, from the release of crab seedlings in May to the harvest in September, the integrated planting and breeding of rice and fishery has brought rich benefits to Zhang Yanheng and also played a leading role in other villagers. After exploration, Zhang Yanheng's rice field crabs not only have high yields, but also are large and creamy yellow. Before the National Day, the customer ordered his rice field crab in advance. Rice is about to ripen, and packaged high-quality green rice is priced at more than 16 yuan per kilogram, which is deeply loved by consumers.
In recent years, Qianguo County has focused on the development of comprehensive planting and breeding of rice crabs, with 130,000 mu in 2023 and more than 200,000 mu this year, achieving double income in one place and an average increase of more than 1,000 yuan per mu. By 2025, it is planned that the comprehensive planting and breeding area of rice crabs and the large water surface breeding area will reach 800,000 mu, and through the promotion of the association, the brand influence of "Chagan Lake Hairy Crab" will be enhanced, and within 5 years, a 1 billion-level industrial cluster of the rice crab industry will be built, and the rice crab industry will become a new business card of Qianguo Agriculture.
Author: Guo Xiaoyu, all-media reporter of Jilin Rural Daily
Editor-in-charge: Zhang Liyun
Preliminary review: Zhang Liyun
Re-examination: Shi Wei
Final review: Cao Mengnan