"When the grassroots are strong, the country is strong, and when the grassroots are safe, the world is safe." Grassroots emergency management is an important part of national emergency management, and it is also an important part of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has always attached great importance to grassroots emergency management, emphasizing that "to maintain the public security system, we must start from the most basic place" and "we must take the grassroots frontline as the main battlefield of public security".
Recently, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Improving the Emergency Management Capabilities of the Grassroots Level" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), providing operational guidance for improving the emergency management capabilities of the grassroots with 21 measures in six aspects to ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
Capacity-building for emergency management at the grassroots level
Why is it important?
"The grassroots are the first line of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, and strengthening the capacity of grassroots emergency management is of great significance to improving the capacity of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief." Wu Wei, director of the Disaster Assessment Department of the National Disaster Reduction Center of the Ministry of Emergency Management, believes that grassroots communities, villages and towns are the areas directly affected when disasters occur, and they are also the first levels to contact and respond to disasters. It is important to strengthen the emergency response base and capacity at the grassroots level to ensure a rapid and effective response at the early stage of a disaster and to minimize disaster losses.
If the foundation is not firm, the ground will shake. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all parties have continued to promote the sinking of emergency management efforts, the downward tilt of guarantees, and the forward movement of gates, and remarkable results have been achieved in building emergency management capacity at the grassroots level. For example, the mainland has now built a contingent of disaster information personnel at the provincial, municipal, county, township, and village levels, covering the whole country, with a total of more than 1 million people, and disaster information personnel at and above the township level throughout the country report hundreds of thousands of pieces of disaster information every year, giving full play to the role of the first on-site "sentinel."
poses a serious threat, urgently "circuit breaker"! Hundreds of people transferred!
On July 9, 2024, the Natural Resources Bureau, Water Conservancy Bureau, Emergency Management Bureau, and Meteorological Bureau of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province issued a blue warning for heavy rain and an orange warning for geological disasters.
After receiving the early warning information, the Yajiang County Emergency Management Bureau immediately organized the County Water Conservancy Bureau, the Natural Resources Bureau, the Meteorological Bureau and other member units to hold a consultation, research and analysis meeting, covering the investigation and monitoring of hidden danger points in key areas such as front and back of houses, roads and bridges, and valley slopes.
Due to the timely early warning, inspection and monitoring, and the resolute and decisive implementation of the rigid requirements of "three avoidances" and "three emergency evacuations", Yajiang County, Sichuan Province successfully avoided one flash flood disaster. In this disaster, a total of 121 people were evacuated, more than 11,000 people were evacuated, and more than 3,800 vehicles were controlled, and no casualties were finally achieved.
At the same time, it must also be noted that there are still many weak links in emergency management at the grassroots level.
From the perspective of the management system, problems such as imperfect organizational structure, lack of staffing, lack of professional equipment, and difficulty in reaching financial funds exist to varying degrees. Judging from the specific operation, the stubborn diseases of formalism and bureaucracy still appear from time to time, seriously affecting the efficiency and quality of disaster prevention and emergency response, and even more damaging the image of the party and the government in the hearts of the masses.
To this end, it is urgent to improve the capacity of grassroots emergency management.
The promulgation of the "Opinions" has established a clear orientation of grasping the grassroots in a big way. It is foreseeable that with the implementation of the "Opinions", it will further enhance the emergency management capacity at the grassroots level, promote the modernization of the emergency management system and capabilities, and continue to build a solid safety base, keep the bottom line of safety, and better protect the safety of people's lives and property.
Further enhance the capacity of grassroots emergency management
How to exert force?
The improvement of grassroots emergency response capacity is a systematic project, and it is necessary to build a framework of "great security" and "great emergency". The "Opinions" focus on improving the "five capabilities", that is, the ability of grassroots emergency management organization and command, risk prevention, team actual combat ability, emergency response ability, and support and support ability. It can be seen that adhering to the problem-oriented approach and focusing on the shortcomings and weaknesses of grassroots emergency response, the "Opinions" not only highlight the quality of "prevention" and fight the "war of annihilation" of risks and hidden dangers, but also strengthen the ability of "rescue" and strive to improve the comprehensive ability of grassroots emergency rescue.
Establish a "one map" of risks and hidden dangers
The "Opinions" pointed out that the key to improving the ability to prevent security risks at the grassroots level is to strengthen the intelligent monitoring and early warning system. By promoting the transformation of public safety governance to pre-prevention, the grassroots will use big data, the Internet of Things and other technical means to gradually improve the accuracy of early warning and risk monitoring capabilities. At the same time, establish a "map" of risks and hidden dangers, so that the grassroots can grasp potential security risks in a timely manner. The early warning information is conveyed to households and people in a timely manner through emergency broadcasting, SMS WeChat, intelligent outbound calls, gongs and whistles, etc., to ensure that risks are effectively dealt with.
Reach in seconds! The national earthquake early warning mini program has served more than 12 million people
With the completion of the acceptance of the National Seismic Intensity Quick Report and Early Warning Project, on August 2, the National Earthquake Early Warning WeChat Mini Program jointly launched by the China Earthquake Network Center, China Central Radio and Television National Emergency Broadcasting and Tencent was officially launched for public testing. When a potentially destructive earthquake occurs, the Mini Program can accurately push earthquake early warning and evacuation guidelines a few seconds to tens of seconds before the arrival of seismic waves, effectively smoothing the "last mile" of emergency information dissemination.
As of September 20, the Mini Program has issued 32 earthquake warnings, and accurately pushed evacuation reminders to more than 300,000 users in potentially affected areas. At present, more than 12 million people have registered for the Mini Program to enable the earthquake early warning function.
The investigation and management of hidden dangers has become an important task for grassroots risk prevention. At the city and county levels, we will strengthen operational and technical guidance at the grassroots level and promote the popularization and application of a simple and easy-to-use hidden danger information reporting system. Under the guidance of relevant departments, towns (streets) and villages (communities) will focus on the investigation of risks and hidden dangers such as "nine small places", farmhouses, commercial self-built houses, construction sites under construction, gas, low-lying flood-prone points and urban underground spaces, river embankments, mountain pond reservoirs, tailings ponds, flash floods and geological disaster risk areas, forest and grassland fire risk areas, etc., so as to improve the professionalism of the investigation. Enterprises are equipped with full-time or part-time safety production management personnel in accordance with the law. Encourage the public to discover and report risks and hidden dangers and give rewards in accordance with regulations. Implement the practice of "whistle-blowing in townships and reporting to departments", and improve the system of discovering problems, transferring them to the office, and supervising and supervising them. Establish hidden danger investigation and management ledgers in different regions, disaster types, and industries, and adopt methods such as engineering governance, risk avoidance and relocation, and risk removal and reinforcement to eliminate major hidden dangers in a timely manner.
The "Opinions" also mentioned that it is necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection at the grassroots level, and comprehensively use methods such as stationed law enforcement, joint law enforcement, and "four noes and two straights" to improve the efficiency of law enforcement in townships and streets, and ensure that potential safety hazards can be discovered and rectified in a timely manner. At the same time, a wide range of popular science publicity activities have been carried out, so that the masses can have a deeper understanding of safety knowledge and improve their awareness of risk prevention and emergency response capabilities through simulation, experience and interaction.
Complete and strengthen emergency rescue forces in accordance with regulations
In terms of improving the rescue force system, the "Opinions" pointed out that the city and county levels should be equipped with strong emergency rescue forces in accordance with regulations according to factors such as the number of local population, economic scale, characteristics of disasters and accidents, and the degree of safety risks, optimize the layout of the team, and build a "comprehensive + professional + social" grassroots emergency rescue force system, promote the sinking of forces and the downward tilt of guarantees, and under the leadership of the party committee and the government, the emergency management department shall be under unified command, dispatch and use. Give full play to the role of full-time rescue forces of territorial enterprises, miniature fire stations, militia, reservists, property management personnel, security guards, medical personnel, etc., and strengthen the construction of full-time and part-time grassroots emergency rescue forces. Counties (cities, districts, banners) with prominent risks such as flood and drought disasters, earthquake and geological disasters, forest and grassland fires, or production and business units in high-risk industries such as mines (including tailings ponds) and hazardous chemicals, should strengthen the construction of relevant professional rescue forces.
At the same time, the "Opinions" encourage the development of social emergency response forces. All kinds of volunteer organizations and mass organizations will be included in the grassroots emergency rescue system, and will receive policy support and operational training to ensure that social forces can actively participate in grassroots emergency rescue work.
In terms of actual combat training, the national comprehensive fire and rescue team will jointly carry out drills and training with grassroots emergency rescue forces to ensure that the rescue team can respond to various emergencies, strengthen rescue cooperation, and improve rescue capabilities. In addition, the city and county levels will also plan to build economical and practical emergency rescue training sites, standardize rescue equipment, and ensure that rescue forces are effectively guaranteed.
Promote the "smart emergency" system
The "Opinions" put forward that improving the ability of grassroots emergency management is inseparable from talent support and financial guarantee. Through various methods such as civil servant recruitment and open recruitment, enrich the grassroots emergency management team, and promote the establishment of emergency management-related disciplines in colleges and vocational schools, and encourage emergency management personnel to obtain professional qualification certificates. Local governments need to include emergency management funds in their budgets, and improve infrastructure construction such as disaster prevention and mitigation at the grassroots level and public fire protection.
Technological empowerment is also an important aspect highlighted in the Opinions. The grassroots level will promote the "smart emergency" system, strengthen data integration and analysis applications, and provide intelligent services such as auxiliary identification of hidden dangers, early warning and forecasting, and automatic reminders. In addition, the grassroots level will be equipped with new technical equipment to improve the scientific and technological level of grassroots emergency management.
The "Opinions" emphasize that in accordance with the work requirements of the province taking overall responsibility and the city and county grasping the implementation, local party committees and governments at all levels should make overall plans and promote the construction of grassroots emergency management capacity and key work, and do a good job in the implementation of these opinions in combination with the actual situation. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) may formulate supporting documents in accordance with the principles of categorical guidance, conforming to reality, and clarifying responsibilities. Clarify and refine the responsibilities of relevant departments for emergency management work, give full play to the role of mass organizations, improve relevant policies, and form a joint work force.
The nine-story platform starts from the soil. The grassroots level is the foothold of emergency management work, and all regions and departments should take the introduction of the "Opinions" as an opportunity to further enhance the ability of grassroots emergency management, promote the sinking of emergency management work, the downward tilt of security, and the move forward of the pass, so as to consolidate the cornerstone of social security, so that the people have more sense of gain, happiness and security.
Source: National Emergency Broadcasting