The reporter learned from the China Seed Association that recently, in order to fully affirm the hybrid rice varieties that have made historic contributions to the food security of the mainland, pay tribute to Yuan Longping and the older generation of scientists, stimulate the innovation enthusiasm of the majority of agricultural science and technology workers and seed industry entrepreneurs, and promote the continuous progress of hybrid rice technology, on the occasion of the promotion of hybrid rice for nearly 50 years, the China Seed Association organized the selection of "Top Ten Honorary Varieties of Hybrid Rice". According to the data of the "Statistics on the Promotion of Major Crop Varieties in China", the association analyzed and ranked the cumulative promotion area of hybrid rice from 1985 to 2023, and selected the "Top Ten Honorary Varieties of Hybrid Rice" after the evaluation of the expert group, among which the "Shanyou 63" selected and bred by Sanming Agricultural Science Research was selected.
"Shanyou 63" Courtesy of Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences
It is reported that "Shanyou 63" is a star product in hybrid rice, since breeding, "Shanyou 63", a variety of planting nearly 1 billion acres, east from Chongming Island, west to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, south to Hainan Island, north to Shandong Shengli Oilfield Farm. From 1986 to 2001, it was the largest rice variety in China for 16 consecutive years, with an increase of more than 70 billion kilograms of rice, of which the planting area exceeded 100 million mu in 1990, reaching 102 million mu, accounting for 42% of the country's hybrid rice area. "Shanyou 63" won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1988.
In 1981, the breeding of the hybrid rice variety "Shanyou 63" was just as the first generation of hybrid rice in China was at a low point due to the lack of resistance to rice blast, and the birth of "Shanyou 63" brought dawn to the sky of China's hybrid rice swept by dark clouds.
According to the identification of the seed department, Shanyou 63 plant shape is moderately distributed, the stem is stout, the base internode is short, the leaf is slightly wider, the leaf color is lighter, the effective spike per mu is 182,000, the spike length is 24cm, the number of grains per spike is 127, the seed setting rate is 83%, and the 1000-grain weight is 29 grams. Generally, the yield per mu is 450-500 kg, and the highest yield per mu is 860 kg. The rice is of high quality, has a good taste, and has an amylose content of about 20%.
In 1982, "Shanyou 63" participated in the municipal, provincial and national three-level district examinations at the same time, showing a strong heterosis. It has abundant yield, disease resistance, and wide adaptability, with an average yield of 74.1 kg higher than that of Shanyou 2, the reference variety at that time, and excellent rice quality, which shows extremely significant advantages of hybrid rice varieties, and is highly praised by experts at home and abroad.
In 1983, "Shanyou 63" participated in the national production test and received rave reviews. "Shanyou 63" has been approved by Fujian, Sichuan, Hubei and other provinces and the National Variety Examination and Approval Committee, and has been rapidly promoted in 16 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country. "Shanyou 63" has gone abroad since the 80s, and has been widely promoted in Southeast Asian countries, and is called "Oriental Divine Rice" by the local people.
On the basis of the discovery of rice three obvious nuclear sterile plasm resources by the Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, combined with the application of modern molecular biology, the high-quality rice "Minglun Zhenzhan" was created, which won the gold medal of the second national high-quality rice variety taste quality evaluation (indica rice), and was the first variety in our province to win the national gold medal with independent intellectual property rights.
"Ming 1 Excellent Zhan" Courtesy of Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences
With "Minglun Zhenzhan" as the parent, 14 new high-quality hybrid rice varieties such as "Ming 1 Youzhenzhan", "Yexiang Youzhenzhan" and "Sexiang Youzhenzhan" have been approved at or above the provincial level, and 6 of them have passed the national examination. Among them, "Ming 1 Youzhenzhan" has the advantages of excellent rice quality, rich fragrance, wide adaptability, high yield, rust resistance, strong regeneration ability, etc., and has won the gold medal of high-quality rice variety quality evaluation inside and outside the province for many times; It has been developed as high-quality rice by many rice enterprises in the province, and has shaped rice brands such as "Hefuxiang", "Xiangyunxi" and "Mingzhenxiang"; At the same time, the rusty paddy field in Guanqian Town, Youxi County was demonstratively planted, with a yield of 670 kg per mu; In Pucheng County, the demonstration planting of machine-harvested regenerative rice has reached the level of "tons of grain" in the two seasons.
Source: Sanming Station of Southeast Network