Autumn and winter are coming
Children in schools and childcare facilities in many places
Symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea appeared
Upon investigation, it was found that behind these symptoms
The "culprit" turned out to be norovirus
What exactly is norovirus?
What are its characteristics?
How can we prevent it?
Let's take a look
Norovirus "resume"
Name: Norovirus
Synonyms a.k.a. norovirus
外文名：Norovirus
Origin: Human Caliciviridae norovirus
Norovirus infection can occur throughout the year, and the peak season of norovirus infection in mainland China is from October to March of the following year, and crowd gathering places such as schools and childcare institutions are places with a high incidence of norovirus infection.
Norovirus is an RNA virus that mutates easily, and new variants of norovirus that cause global circulation can emerge every 2-3 years.
Features of norovirus infection
Norovirus is highly resistant to the environment, surviving from 0°C to 60°C, and alcohol-based hand sanitizers are ineffective against norovirus. In addition, it also has the characteristics of low infection dose, short incubation period after infection, long detoxification time, short immune protection time, easy to cause repeated infection, and the whole population is generally susceptible.
How norovirus is transmitted
Both sick and latent infections can be the source of infection. It can be transmitted through direct contact with feces, vomit and other excreta of patients, indirect contact with excreta-contaminated items and the environment, and can also be transmitted through eating or drinking food or water contaminated with norovirus. The population is generally susceptible, and outbreaks are easily caused in childcare institutions, schools, nursing homes and other crowded places.
Symptoms of norovirus infection
Norovirus infection is followed by acute onset, with vomiting and diarrhoea being the most common symptoms, followed by nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, chills, and muscle aches. Symptoms vary between adults and children, with vomiting predominantly in children and diarrhea in adults, with watery or watery stools.
Generally, the disease is mild, which is a self-limiting disease, and most patients can recover 2-3 days after the onset of the disease. However, for infants and young children, the elderly, especially those with underlying diseases, it can lead to more serious symptoms such as dehydration.
Prevention of norovirus
"Five wants, five don'ts"
Five
1. Wash your hands before eating and after using the toilet
2. Cook seafood fish and shrimp
3. Keep raw and cooked foods separate
4. The living environment should be hygienic
5. See a doctor if you have symptoms
Five don't
1. Do not drink raw water without boiling
2. The infirm should not eat raw aquatic products and vegetables
3. Patients should not process food for others
4. Do not patronize unlicensed dining
5. Do not handle patient vomit and contaminants without proper protection
Prevention is a priority
1. If a classmate vomits, the children must leave the vomit contaminated area under the guidance of the teacher and do not watch.
2. If the child has nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, be sure to report to the school teacher immediately, do not go to school sick, it is recommended to rest at home until the symptoms are completely disappeared 72 hours before resuming classes.
3. During the period of home rest, independent food utensils should be prepared for the child, and it is best not to eat with family members; Diarrhea or vomit should be disinfected with chlorine-containing preparations, food utensils can be sterilized by boiling for 30 minutes, and parents should take personal protection when handling contaminants.
Source | Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Edit | Zhang Hao
Proofreading | Dong Fei
Audit | Wang Tingting
Executive Producer | Dai Jie
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