Guo Xuan (郭琇), zi Ruifu (Chinese: 郭琇), courtesy name Huaye, was born in Guojia Lane, Jimo City, Shandong Province, in the eleventh year (1638) of Ming Chongzhen. Qing Kangxi Gengshu (1670) Jinshi, who was first conferred the order of Wujiang County, Jiangsu, was promoted to inspector of Jiangnan Province, Zuo Youdu Yushi, Taichang Temple, Cabinet Scholar and Ceremonial Attendant, Official Right Attendant and Hanlin Academy Scholar, Zuo Du Yushi and Jing feast lecturer, and Governor of Huguang.
In his imperial history career, he successively "three major neglects," "the son of heaven changed his appearance, and the dynasty was disgraced," "the world moved with a straight voice," and "followed the sound as the crown of the southeast," which forcefully attacked the corrupt administration of officials and all kinds of unhealthy trends at that time, played an extremely important role in the process of rectifying the rule of officials in the Qing Dynasty, and made an indispensable contribution to the "prosperous era of Kangqian" praised by later generations.
In his book "Liaozhai Zhiyi Gongsun Xia", Pu Songling of the Qianlong Dynasty referred to Guo Xuan as a "fellow countryman" and recorded the story of his dismissal of the tyrannical officials on his way to the governor of Huguang.
In 2015, the Legend of Guo Xuan was included in the fourth batch of Qingdao Municipal Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
There are too many legends in Guo Xiao's body, we may as well start with his birth.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="01" > was born with a military attaché</h1>
In the eleventh year of Ming Chongzhen (1638), Guo Xuan was born in Guojia Lane, Jimo, just in time for the rainy season in June. On this day, when Jimo County Ling and the generals were inspecting the flood situation, suddenly the sky was thick with dark clouds and heavy rain poured down, and the two officials happened to hide near the nearest door to the downstairs of Guo Xuan's house to avoid the rain.
At this time, suddenly from the house came the sound of the newborn baby's wow cry, the child was born after the heavy rain gradually stopped, Guo Xuan's grandmother was not happy, was about to announce the good news to the neighbors and friends, just at the gate met two officials sheltered under the eaves of the roof.
The county magistrate asked, "Did the old man congratulate you and add a boy or a girl?" ”
"I gave birth to a child with a handle." Hey, early is not born late, but born in heavy rain. The old man said with disgust.
"This child will be blessed in the future, and when he was born, two seven-pin officials would guard his door, and he would certainly not be lower than a seven-pin official in the future." The county magistrate praised it casually.
"Oh, don't say seven products, it's good to have one product!" Hearing the praise, the old man said excitedly (Grandma Guo Xuan thought that the younger the grade, the smaller the official rank).
Guo Xiao has been talented and studious since childhood, thirty-one years old in the middle of the talent, thirty-two years old in the middle of the people, thirty-three years old in the examination of the soldier, can be described as "the spring breeze is proud of the horseshoe rush, a day to see all the Chang'an flowers."
Originally, it was just a casual remark from grandma, but I didn't expect it to become a slur, and later, Guo Xuan did not succeed in official to a pint.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="02" > Guo Xuan Wash hall</h1>
Guo Xiao officially entered the career at the age of 42.
Now Wujiang County is a famous tourist resort, known as "there is heaven on the top, Suzhou and Hangzhou on the bottom, and Wujiang in the middle of Suzhou and Hangzhou", it is a rich and beautiful county-level city, and during the Qing Dynasty, there were many ethnic minorities in the Sanwu area at that time, poor countryside and remote areas, bandits, sinister officialdom, local forces are entangled, most of the officials are afraid, and if they do not do well, they will hang up their crowns and even lose their heads. Even so, Guo Xuan still took up his post without hesitation, and said indignantly: "Only by choosing officials for the land, how can we choose the land for the officials." At this time, it can be seen that when he took office in the official field, he was holding the original intention of showing his skills and making great achievements. But what he never expected was that his boss was actually Inspector Jiang Ning, Yu Guozhu.
If Yu Guozhu wanted to curry favor with the university scholar Mingzhu, he constantly asked for money from his subordinates, and Wujiang's property was abundant, which naturally became the object of Yu Guozhu's key extortion. Under heavy pressure, Guo Xuan had no choice but to set up a clever name in addition to the normal taxation, which increased the burden on the people. Those who did not know the inside story also thought that the money looted had made Guo Xuan corrupt.
Yu Guozhu was soon transferred to Beijing, and the Qing official Tang Bin succeeded him as the governor of Jiangning. After Tang Bin took office, he conscientiously straightened out the administration of officials, observed the people's feelings, and learned that Guo Xuan was infected by the corrupt official atmosphere, and he was very sorry for it. Tang Bin summoned Guo Xuan and rebuked him: "With the great talent under the feet, if you follow the right path, why worry that the imperial court cannot be of great use?" But why did he not know self-love and fell into the reputation of a corrupt official? ”
After Guo Xuan listened, he was very ashamed of himself and truthfully confessed to Lord Tang the truth about helplessness, expressing his remorse and determination to change his heart.
After returning to Wujiang, Guo Xuan instructed the messenger to pick up clean water, rinse the county hall many times, make it clean, bright and shiny, and the dirt accumulated for many years was washed clean.
Guo Xuan summoned all the servants of the Yamen and said, "Today we must not only wash away the filth in the lobby, but also wash away the filth on my body." From now on, Wujiang County should establish a clean and honest style. First of all, I want to abide by the law and look forward to your supervision. Whoever of my subordinates discovers any malpractice for personal gain in the future, he will be severely punished!"
On the one hand, he invented the "version of the string method" to reduce the burden on the people (the "version of the string method" is to register the people in a unified manner, and then the county government uniformly issues the version of the string voucher, and then the county ya uniformly issues the version of the string voucher, several interceptions of the county ya as the foundation and storage credentials, the remaining few sections are taken home by the people, the tax and silver packages and a section of vouchers are wrapped directly into the silver cabinet at the entrance of the county gate, and the middle is no longer through the service, which also reduces the original service exploitation and reduces the burden of the people). In handling cases, Guo Xuan loved the people like a son, and easily did not use punishment, even the whips that beat people in the county court were replaced by woven with pudding.
In the 8 years under his rule, the people of Wujiang lived and worked in peace and contentment, won the support of the people, and were the richest in Jiangnan. When Tang Bin learned of Guo Xuan's achievements, he was naturally overjoyed, so he recommended Guo Xuan to Kangxi, so Guo Xuan was transferred to Beijing to be promoted to the post of Inspector of Imperial History. In recognition of his contribution to the local area, the locals specially built a "living shrine" for him, and the incense is continuous all year round. After Guo Xuan's death, the local squires jointly wrote a letter to enshrine Guo Xuan at the Ancestral Hall of Famous Eunuchs in Wujiang County. Today, Wujiang County only has the Confucius Temple and the "Chronicle of Wujiang County" that Guo Xuan repaired at his own expense, and the original ruins of the old county only left a few towering cypress and camphor trees.
Just so-called: if a person is not a sage, who can be blameless? If you can change it, you can do it!
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="03" > the iron mask imperial history "three major sparse"</h1>
When Guo Xuan served as a royal historian, he was nearly half a hundred years old, did not care about selfish interests, impeached power and adultery, dared to do things, was full of vigor, and had no fear in front of the powerful ministers who were "scorching with flames and brilliant miles", and was called "iron-faced imperial history".
At the beginning of his term of office, he wrote a "Special Ginseng River Minister's Shu" and participated in the impeachment of Jin Fu, the governor of the river. The Kangxi Emperor ordered Guo Xuan to be praised, promoted him to the position of Imperial History of you, and encouraged his courtiers to speak out.
Guo Xuan then went on to the more daring "Special Correction Minister", impeaching the cabinet chief assistant Shi Mingzhu and his henchmen. Guo Xuan exposed Mingzhu's alliance with the party for personal gain, the exclusion of dissidents, and the corruption of the law. The sharpness of the wording and the details of the facts made the courtiers "shocked" by the "liver and gallbladder".
At that time, the pearl was in power, and the courtiers were afraid of power. The Kangxi Emperor once asked his attendants, "If the pearl is like this, why is there no impeachment?" The attendant replied, "Who is not afraid of death?" Therefore, Guo Xuan risked death and was even more respected by the Kangxi Emperor. Guo Xuan participated in two cabinet university scholars at a time, and his reputation was greatly shocked. The Kangxi Emperor promoted him to the position of Governor of the Imperial Household of the Imperial Household, and jumped from Yipin.
The following year, Guo Xuan again went to the "Special Counselor's Close Minister", impeaching Gao Shiqi, a close minister who was favored by the Kangxi Emperor. Gao Shiqi relied on grace, made friends with the imperial court, and planted parties for personal gain. Guo Xuan exposed Gao Shiqi's crime of corruption in the song.
In just one year, Guo Xuan successively participated in the governor of the river, the cabinet scholar, and the emperor's close ministers, "the son of heaven was transformed for it, and the dynasty was discolored", "the wind of the direct subjects, the thunder and thunder, the disintegration of the you", and the people of the time gave the ya the title "Guo Sanben".
Guo Xuan started with three major neglects, and also invited disasters to his colleagues because of the three major neglects, so that he could not be at peace for the rest of his life.
In the 29th year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Guo Xuan proposed to be sentenced to a cane for the crime of "private writing", and changed the number of five products to be transferred. At this time, some people took advantage of the fire to rob and falsely accuse Guo Xuan, although the Kangxi Emperor knew that he was incorruptible and flawless, he was also worried about the imperial court's discussion, and even so, and some people falsely accused Guo Xuan of embezzling grain stored by officials during his local duties, intending to put him to death.
In the thirty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the emperor toured Jiangnan and passed through the place where Guo Xuan had served as a county commander. More than 10,000 local people bowed down and praised Guo Xuan as an official more than a decade ago. The Kangxi Emperor was deeply moved, and decided to use Guo Xuan again, summoned Guo Xuan in Dezhou, and said to the accompanying officials: "Fortunately, the people of Wujiang still miss Guo Xuan after many years, which shows that he is indeed a good official." Soon, Guo Xuan was appointed governor of Huguang.
In Huguang, Guo Xiaoguang was concerned about the well-being of the people of Li, and he also went up one after another to impeach local corrupt officials and clarify the rule of Huguang officials. For a time, in the place under Guo Xuan's jurisdiction, "the ink officials looked at the wind and dissolved the silk", and the corrupt atmosphere suddenly disappeared.
The old and strong Guo Xuan was greatly admired by the Kangxi Emperor. He praised Inspector Li Guangdi and Peng Peng, as well as the governors Zhang Peng and Guo Xuan, saying that "all four ministers are upright and honest." The world is called "Four Gentlemen".
Guo Xiao started his family because of the three major neglects, and because of the three major neglects, it was difficult to calm down for the rest of his life. Guo Xuan died of illness on the seventh day of March in the fifty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1715) at the age of seventy-eight.
The last two sentences of the article "Qing History Manuscript Guo Xuan" say: "The straight road is difficult, but it is not so!"