One day in May 1917, a group of overseers led by Ni Sichong rushed into the presidential palace, and as a result, President Li Yuanhong, who had always been a "bodhisattva with low eyebrows", became angry and reprimanded everyone. These trainees did not react for a moment, and one by one they withdrew with gray heads and dirty faces.
Afterwards, everyone thought: No! He was a former Qing Dynasty small association because of the luck to become the president of the Republic of China, I think when Lao Tzu was in the Great Qing Dynasty, he counted which onion, and now five people and six people actually trained Lao Tzu to come, this is clearly challenging the Beiyang system, let's walk and see!
Among these people, the loudest voice and the fiercest scolding were estimated to be The Anhui Overseer Ni Sichong. He jumped to his feet and yelled, "What the fuck! He dismissed Duan from his post without the deputy cabinet office, is he legitimate? In the change of Xinhai, he heard the gunshots and was so frightened that he drilled under the bed, so he was lucky enough to become the president, and now he was arrogant! I'll go back now and declare independence right away, and everyone will do the same, and see how he ends up! ”
The president was angry, and so were the overseers of the provinces, but the consequences were beyond everyone's expectations.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">1.</h1>
The Republican period has always been a process in which the central government was unable to control local forces. There are many factions in the country, warlords are constantly fighting, and the local overseers holding guns are like earth emperors, and their strength should not be underestimated. It is especially important to have the support of these people.
The reason why Ni Sichong and other local overseers ran to the capital this time was mainly due to the "dispute between the government and the courtyard" between Li and Duan.
At that time, it was the end of the First World War, Germany saw that the general trend had gone, in order to save the defeat and did not hesitate to take "unlimited submarine warfare", which was strongly protested by all countries in the world, and many countries declared war on Germany for a while.
It was against this background that the cabinet of the Republic of China government, represented by Duan Qirui, announced the severance of diplomatic relations with Germany and actively prepared to declare war on Germany. It is worth mentioning that the attitude toward Germany of the Duan Qirui cabinet was formed precisely with the support and encouragement of the United States and Japan.
However, in terms of opinions on Germany, Duan Qirui and the then president Li Yuanhong could not reach an agreement, resulting in conflict. The two sides came and went, fighting for a thick red face and a thick neck.
Duan Qirui, as the elder of Beiyang and a military man, has a deep foundation in the Beiyang department, and the overseers everywhere have become his trump card to win over and resist the president.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">2.</h1>
When Duan Qirui actively demanded a declaration of war on Germany, he invited the provincial overseers to Beijing to discuss the matter. Nominally a discussion, it is actually an increase in his leverage in the power game with the president.
Among these invited powerful men was Ni Sichong, the overseer of Anhui, known as the "cannon".
Ni Sichong was a native of Fuyang, Anhui Province, whose great-grandfather and grandfather were both officials in the Qing Dynasty, and whose father had served as a prefect and could be said to be a family of officials and eunuchs. Ni himself was a talent when he was young, but he has not been able to pass the examination, so he simply did not take the exam and turned to Yuan Shikai, who was red and purple at that time.
After that, he made great contributions, captured Jing Tingbin, the leader of the Yihe Fist in Shandong, and forcefully suppressed the Anhui Revolutionary Army, which was soon reused by Yuan Shikai and made a general of the army. After Yuan Shikai's death, he changed his court and defected to Duan Qirui of the Anhui dynasty.
In fact, on the matter of declaring war on Germany, Ni Sichong was also opposed at first, and just before he left for Beijing at the invitation of Duan Qirui, he also declared in Bengbu that he could not participate in the war, and that if he joined the war, it might lead to the subjugation of the country; later, when he arrived in Tianjin, he began to scold Liang Qichao, who had participated in the war, as a "demon of the fall of the country."
For such a person's remarks, Duan Qirui was of course very unhappy after hearing it, but he was willing to scold and let him scold, but Duan Qirui had his own way to "surrender" him in his heart - just three words and two words.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">3.</h1>
Ni Sichong was a man who had read books, but his years of military career made him a grumpy personality; his long-term official experience made him a little more sleek.
Ni Sichong's front foot just arrived in Beijing, and the back foot Duan Qirui personally visited the door, such a face is not small! After giving the other side enough face, Premier Duan expounded the current international situation and explained the advantages and disadvantages of participating in the war, and the key was to explain to him that "to participate in the war, there is no need to send troops."
Ni Sichong was greatly touched to hear this, and then saw that the other overseers had all fallen to Duan Qirui's side, thinking that he was already following the old Duan, why bother to sing the opposite tune again! So, unusually, he said with great excitement: "Join the war!" Be sure to declare war on Germany, and the sooner you go to war, the better! ”
To say that the change in the attitude of the Ni Overseer is really too fast, not only the reverse change of attitude, but also the implementation of action.
A few days later, a meeting of the Cabinet was under way to discuss entering the war. These Overseers were not invited to the meeting, but they did not invite themselves, and at the meeting, Ni Sichong shouted loudly: "The European war is almost over, we do not need to send troops, now hurry up and join the Allies, the sooner the better, there is no need to discuss anymore!" The other Overseers followed suit, shouting, "Yes! Right! It's too late to be late! ”
There was a lot of commotion, and those who disagreed agreed. There is only one more hard bone to gnaw, that is, President Li Yuanhong, who is always "silent is golden".
Unexpectedly, Ni Dacang was full of confidence in this, and he ran to Duan Qirui and said loudly: "The premier is assured, this matter is wrapped up in me!" ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">4.</h1>
There is a saying called: "Sometimes you can't say too much", otherwise once it cannot be realized, it is yourself who is embarrassed. For Ni Tuojun, who is accustomed to "amplifying the cannon", this is obviously negligent.
Confidently, he appeared at the presidential palace with the Overseers, and began to talk about the truths that Duan Qirui had told him in the face of President Li. When he was elated and spitting, he completely forgot about the president's increasingly dark face.
The result is the opening paragraph of this article:
The president pointed at the nose of "Ni Dacang" and shouted: "As a local military and political chief, you have left your post and run to Beijing without authorization, and then you have broken into the State Council to interfere in state affairs without authorization, and even heard that you have visited foreign envoys without authorization. ......”
Ni Si, who boasted that Haikou had not done anything, did not feel embarrassed, he just showed the true color of a martial artist - he became annoyed and angry. Privately, in addition to asking Hou Li Yuanhong's wife, he also encouraged other overseers to return to independence.
Just as everyone was clapping their hands for Ni Cannon's loud voice, one person was secretly celebrating because things were developing according to his vision.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">5.</h1>
This person who was secretly happy was Zhang Xun, the Envoy of the Yangtze River Patrol stationed in Xuzhou. When he heard Ni Sichong's scolding and grinning remarks, he quickly echoed: "Well, old Ni said well, that is, to give Li Yuanhong a little color to see, otherwise he would not pay attention to our Beiyang system!" We must not only be independent, but also send troops! ”
Zhang Xun was really not at ease when he said such a thing at this time, and the other overseers were completely unaware of it.
The gang immediately took action after they returned, which frightened the then president Li Yuanhong, and just when he was anxious, the "peacemaker" Zhang Xun appeared.
Zhang Xun sent a telegram to Li Yuanhong, calling himself the "Great Alliance Lord of the Overseers" and expressing his willingness to go to Beijing to mediate. This made Li Yuanhong feel as if he had grasped the straw of life and gladly agreed.
After that, everyone knows that Zhang Xun's braid army entered Beijing and made a restoration farce.
Ni Sichong probably did not dream that he had been shouting loudly for many days before and after running, and had been making wedding dresses for others; Li Yuanhong would not have thought that the savior he thought was a nemesis, and he himself soon stepped down with Zhang Xun entering Beijing; but the funniest thing is that Zhang Xun, who was deliberately trying to use contradictions to achieve his own, finally "stopped" in anger under the attack of Duan Qirui and his former ally, the provincial overseers; and then there was a second time between Duan Qirui and his successor interim president Feng Guozhang." Three years later, the "Battle of Zhiwan", the defeat of the Anhui clan, Duan Qirui was discouraged, set aside a Buddhist hall in his own house, and began to eat and pray for the Buddha' life; Ni Sichong himself, as a member of the Anhui clan, after the defeat of the Zhiwan War, he was dismissed from the posts of Anhui Overseer and Yangtze River Patrol Envoy in September of that year, and from then on he became the Duke of Yu, and died of illness in the British Concession apartment in Tianjin 4 years later, at the age of 57. He is said to have died of schizophrenia.
A bunch of chaotic people staged a live drama in the history of the Republic of China for different interests, and after all the conspiracies and conspiracies were exhausted and exhausted, everyone failed to achieve their wishes, but slid to the other side of another event in a completely unexpected way. Such an ending is both lamentable and even more emotional!
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">6.</h1>
In the chaotic world of the Republic of China, all kinds of warlord forces sang and sang and appeared on the stage, and all the power schemes, stupidity and recklessness were ultimately just for the sake of "interests" struggle. And how many of these chaotic tyrants put these two words on the heads of the nation and the people, so the final outcome is so different.
Duan Qirui wanted to use the power of the provincial overseers to force Li Yuanhong to obey; the overseers represented by Ni Sichong jumped up and down and shouted, but they were used by their peer Zhang Xun; and Zhang Xun "painstakingly" worked for half a day but did not get anything, oh no, got the only thing - the restoration of the name; Duan Qirui and Li Yuanhong finally left in the dark.
The general trend of history, the vast soup, and the self-righteous personal motives and ideas of the warlords seem small and ridiculous in the tide of history.
On the one hand, they always consider problems from the perspective of personal interests; on the other hand, they stem from their own historical limitations. For example, the warlords represented by Duan Qirui basically grew up in the corrupt soil of the late Qing Dynasty, and the interest groups they represented were still a small number of decadent vested interests, each acting independently, and no one obeyed anyone, and it was difficult to form a cohesive force.
The so-called "authorities are fans", and those who are in it will never know how others will end up, including themselves! Li Yuanhong didn't know, Duan Qirui didn't know, Ni Sichong, Zhang Xun and a bunch of overseers didn't know...
In the end, it is also for their own interests, the key is to see the number of interest groups represented by each other, and this is the truth of "getting more help from the way and helping the wrongdoers". Only on behalf of the interests of the vast majority of people can invisibly obtain multi-party support and help, greatly improving the probability of success; on the contrary, on behalf of a small number of individuals or groups will encounter multiple resistance and constraints, consume each other in the continuous struggle, hurt each other, and finally everyone will "finish", just like this gang of Republic of China bigwigs scattered, hastily ended.