The Song-Mongol (Yuan) War lasted for nearly half a century from the outbreak of the Song-Mongol War in 1235 AD to the fall of the Song Dynasty at the Battle of Yashan in 1279, and it was the longest-consuming, most labor-intensive and most intractable war encountered since the rise of the Mongol forces. The Battle of Hezhou DiaoyuCheng, Chongqing, which took place in 1259, was one of the most influential battles.
In 1234, after the Song and Mongols jointly destroyed Jin, the Southern Song Dynasty sent troops to recover the lost land in Henan, but was ambushed by the Mongolian army and failed. In 1235, the Mongol army simultaneously launched an attack on the Southern Song Dynasty on a front of thousands of miles from Sichuan and Shaanxi in the west to the lower reaches of the Huai River in the east, and the Song-Mongolian War broke out in full swing. By 1241, the Mongol army had ravaged a large area of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Sichuan was the most severely damaged area of the three major battlefields.
In this year, the Mongol Wokoutai Khan died, and his internal political strife continued, and the offensive against the Southern Song Dynasty weakened. The Southern Song Dynasty thus gained a good opportunity to adjust and enrich the defense of various battlefields. In 1242, Emperor Lizong of Song sent Yu Jiu, who had achieved great success in the Two Huai Wars against The Mongols, into the Shu government to reverse the decline of Sichuan and consolidate the upper class. Yu Jie took a series of political, economic, and military measures in Sichuan, the most important of which was the creation of a mountain castle defense system. That is, along the main rivers and rivers in Sichuan and on the main transportation routes, the steep mountain passes were chosen to build cities and villages, which were scattered and supported each other, forming a complete strategic defense system. Diaoyu City is the core of this mountain city defense system and the strongest fortress.
The defenders of Diaoyu City, under the joint command of the main general Wang Jian and the deputy general Zhang Jue, repelled one attack after another by the Mongol army. At the behest of Möngke Khan, Dong Wenwei led his troops to attack the city of Dengzhou Han, and Dong Wenwei encouraged his generals to carry out cloud ladders, flying stones, and walking ruggedly to climb to the city to fight hard with the Song army, but because of the heavy casualties of his troops, he was forced to retreat. His nephew Dong Shiyuan asked his uncle Dong Wenwei to attack the city, led his troops to the city, and fought with the Song army for a long time, but was finally forced to withdraw due to lack of support. However, the arrogant and conceited generals advocated a strong attack on the city, and instead used the words of speed and speed as a detour.
Möngke Khan did not take the advice of Shusukuri and decided to continue the siege. However, in the face of the fishing fortress, the Mongol cavalry, which was known for its mobility and dexterity, could not exert its ability. In June, the Mongol general Wang Dechen (formerly a subordinate of Jin Chen) led an army to attack the outer city of Majunzhai at night, and Wang Jian led his troops to resist the battle. When the sky was about to dawn, it began to rain, and the Ladder of the Mongol army's siege was broken again and forced to retreat.
The Southern Song Defenders threw 15 kilograms of fresh fish and more than 100 pieces of steamed noodle cakes to the Mongolian army outside the city, and submitted a letter to the Mongolian army, saying that even if they defended for another 10 years, the Mongolian army would not be able to capture diaoyu city. In contrast, the situation of the Mongolian army outside the city was very bad. The Mongol army had been under the fortified city for a long time, and it was the hot summer season, and the Mongols were originally afraid of the heat and humidity, and they were not satisfied with the water and soil, resulting in the epidemic of heat stroke fever, malaria, cholera and other diseases in the army, and the situation was quite serious. In July, the Mongolian army retreated from Diaoyu City and marched to Wentang Gorge on jinjian Mountain, where Möngke Khan died.
Möngke Khan left his last words, and later captured Diaoyu City and slaughtered the people in the city. Later, Diaoyu City lowered the yuan, on the condition that no one in the city could be killed. Drop your weapon. Voluntary termination of resistance. In 1279, the defender Wang Likaicheng fell into the hands of the Mongols. As a typical representative of the mountain city defense system, Diaoyu City fully demonstrated its defensive role in the era of cold weapons, and it became a fortress that was difficult for the Mongol army to conquer.
After abandoning the city, no one begged for mercy, and all 32 generals who defended the city drew their swords and killed themselves. From the beginning of 1235 to the end of 1279, the chinese Sichuan military and civilian resistance war lasted more than 40 years!