Uses and production methods of choline chloride

Choline chloride, white hygroscopic crystal, odorless, fishy odor. Mp240℃。 10% aqueous solution pH5-6, unstable in lye. This product is easily soluble in water and ethanol, insoluble in ether, petroleum ether, benzene and carbon disulfide. Low toxicity, LD50 (rats, orally) 3400 mg/kg. It is used in the treatment of fatty liver and cirrhosis. It is also used as a livestock feed additive, which can stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs, litters, and increase the weight of livestock and fish.

First, the use of choline chloride

1. Tissue culture medium, feed additives, clinically used as anti-fatty liver agents.

2. It is used for the treatment of fatty liver and cirrhosis, and is also used as a feed additive, which can stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs, litters and livestock, fish and other weight gain.

3. Choline chloride can effectively prevent and treat fat deposition and tissue degeneration in livestock and poultry organs. It can promote the absorption and synthesis of amino acids. It can enhance the physique and disease resistance of livestock and poultry, promote growth and development, and improve the egg production rate of poultry. Dosage 1-2g/kg.

4. It is a highly effective nutritional supplement and fat remover.

5. As a feed additive, choline chloride has the following physiological effects: it can prevent fat accumulation and tissue degeneration in the liver and kidneys; it can promote the recombination of amino acids; it can improve the utilization rate of amino acids, especially the essential amino acid methionine in the body. In Japan, 98% of choline chloride is used as an animal feed additive for chickens, pigs, beef cattle and fish and shrimp. Most of the processing into powder, 50% powder preparation method is to add the appropriate particle size excipient in advance in the mixer, and then add choline chloride aqueous solution dropwise, after mixing, drying and obtained. Some commercial powders are also combined with vitamins, minerals, and medicines. Choline chloride is a vitamin B drug used for hepatitis, liver function degradation, early cirrhosis, pernicious anemia and other diseases.

6. Choline chloride is also a plant photosynthetic promoter, which has obvious effects on increasing yield. Spraying of wheat and rice in the pregnant panicle stage can promote the differentiation of small ears, multi-knot panicle grain, spraying at the filling stage can accelerate the filling speed, the panicle grain is full, and the weight of 1,000 grains is increased by 2 to 5 grams. It can also be used for corn, sugarcane, sweet potato, potato, radish, onion, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, grapes, mangoes, etc. to increase yield, and the effect is stable under different climatic and ecological environment conditions; the underground part of the growing crops such as roots are 60% water agent 10 to 20 ml (active ingredient 6 to 12 grams) per mu in the early stage of expansion, dilute with 30 liters of water (1500 to 3000 times), spray 2--3 times, and the expansion and yield increase effect is obvious; ornamental plants azaleas, poinsettia, geranium, hibiscus, etc. regulate growth Wheat, barley, oats are lodging resistant.

Second, the production method of choline chloride

1. Ethylene oxide method

It is obtained by the reaction of trimethylamine with) ethylene oxide.

Trimethylamine ethanol solution was added to the reaction pot, ethylene oxide was introduced at about 30 ° C, stirred for 4h, neutralized with hydrochloric acid (controlled pH 6.5-7.0) to obtain. Crude product yields can reach 98%. 70% of the aqueous solution can be obtained by decolorization and vacuum concentration of activated carbon. In the aqueous solution, corn cob flour, rice husk powder, bran or diatomaceous earth and other excipients are added to obtain 50% powder.

2. Chloroethanol method

Chloroethanol is used instead of ethylene oxide and hydrochloric acid, and trimethylamine is reacted with a small amount of ethylene oxide or alkaline substances: 100 parts of chloroethanol are added to the reactor first, 130 parts of trimethylamine is added from the liquid level, and 1.7 parts of ethylene oxide are introduced to trigger the reaction. After addition, it was stirred at 32-38 °C for 4 h with a yield of 84% (in terms of chloroethanol). If catalyzed by alkaline substances (such as quaternary ammonium salts), the conversion rate of one-way can reach more than 97%.

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