What kind of brake pads are the best?
Ceramic piece thief is wear-resistant and has the strongest performance, all cars fit?
You see my brand of NAO brake pads, high carbon formula mute good efficiency!
The brake pads have dropped powder badly, am I buying counterfeit goods?
……
Basically every owner will deal with the brake problem during the use of the car, each car needs to change the brake pads 1-2 times during the use cycle, so many car owners have encountered such a problem:
How to choose so many brands and types of brake pads on the Internet? After all, different brake pads with different formulas of brake pads are strange, and the average owner is not clear at all.
So today, Tiger will take care of the brake pads that everyone can buy on the market. Do a "development timeline" combing.
Asbestos brakes with excellent performance
In the end, it was lost to environmental protection and human health
Since the world has power machinery and motor vehicles, brake pads have naturally come into being.
One of the best brake pads is asbestos
Asbestos is a natural mineral fiber, which has high heat resistance and mechanical strength, as well as longer fiber length, higher cleavage and good dispersibility. As a friction material, the substrate is very suitable, rich in minerals, so the price is relatively low, so it soon replaced cotton and cotton cloth as the main substrate of friction materials.
However, in the 1960s, European scientists found that asbestos dust would be deposited in the respiratory bronchi and alveolar walls after being inhaled by the human body, partially passing through the alveolar wall, entering the lung stromal and being engulfed by macrophages, and releasing inflammatory factors and fibrotic factors, causing inflammation of the lung interstitial and extensive lung fibers.
It is gradually recognized that asbestos has certain harm to human health. Therefore, people began to seek other fiber materials that can replace asbestos to make friction materials, that is, asbestos-free friction materials or non-asbestos friction materials.
So since the 1970s, the Brake Pad Industry in Europe has vigorously developed "non-asbestos" products, resulting in semi-metallic friction materials with steel fibers as the main basic material, which are preferred in developed countries.
In the 1990s, NAO type friction material type asbestos-free friction material, which differs from semi-metallic friction material is that it does not contain steel fibers and iron powder, or only contains a small amount of steel fibers, but uses non-metallic electrodeless fibers and heat-resistant organic fibers; ceramic friction materials are between semi-metallic and NAO friction materials, and are mainly copper fibers and organic fibers in Japan.
So metal brake pads and NAO pads gradually became the main force of the market, in early 2000, asbestos brake pads with the national ban, officially withdrew from the historical stage.
Metal brake pads are divided into: semi-metallic and low-metal
Semi-metals have also been eliminated on the market due to their reliability
Since metal brake pads have been used since their invention in the 1980s, what is the difference?
The next second chapter, Tiger, talks to you about the metal brake pads preferred by European cars.
Since asbestos as a friction material substrate was banned, brake pad manufacturers had to use other durable fibers as friction material "skeletons", so steel velvet as a friction substrate semi-metal brake pads were born.
Steel velvet is also called "iron wool" in many industries
The biggest advantage of the addition of metal fiber is that it has excellent thermal conductivity, and the steel fiber is super strong, so this brake is very suitable for intense driving.
However, there are always two sides to things, the thermal conductivity of semi-metal brake pads is too good, but it leads to insufficient friction, which requires brake calipers to work with greater braking force to obtain equivalent braking force. In this way, the semi-metallic brake pads have a huge amount of wear on the gray cast iron brake discs, and the problem of snoring when braking is particularly obvious.
As a result, engineers made some improvements on the basis of semi-metal brake pads to increase durability and performance.
Therefore, the use of steel wool in the "semi-metal brake pads" is reduced, and some short-fiber copper wire and copper powder are added as the substrate, which makes full use of the metal self-lubrication of copper while ensuring thermal conductivity.
While ensuring brake braking power, it can also take into account noise control and thermal conduction needs.
Thus the "low metal" brake pads were born!
So the matter is settled?
Low metal brake pads are not perfect
Although most of the brake pad formulas use "electrostatic accessories", the brake pads will grind out a large amount of dust with static electricity during use, all adsorbed on the surface of the wheel hub, as long as the car is not washed, the wheel hub will be a layer of rust color for a period of time.
Mercedes-Benz car as long as the spray iron powder remover, is the color of blood collapse
Moreover, the low metal brake pads have not completely removed the steel velvet, so that the "nibbling plate" and the brake whistle still cannot be cured.
Of course, in recent years, the "improved low metal" sheet with less powder has also begun to gradually occupy the market, and the nominal friction coefficient of 0.34 ~ 0.47 (it is not difficult to do more than 0.4 in fact) is basically slightly higher than the "FF-class braking performance", which is enough for civilian vehicles.
The complete body of the current brake pads
Huge NAO family, high-end and low-end all-inclusive
At this point, we have made the "metal" brake pads clear.
Then we have to talk about the complex "NAO" brake pads that many people have headaches. This kind of brake pad is called "high carbon sheet" and "ceramic sheet" by many car owners, but in fact, this is just a small branch of the NAO family.
Strictly speaking, the full name of "NAO" is called "asbestos-free organic brake pads", which translates to "asbestos-free, velcrop brake pads". The well-known "high carbon sheet" and "ceramic sheet" are just one of the different friction material substrates in the "nao" family.
According to the different friction material substrates used, it can be divided into:
- Ordinary hybrid fiber sheet (toner, glass fiber, Kevlar and other mixtures + resin)
——Graphite fiber sheet (domestic unscrupulous merchants are generally called "carbon fiber" pieces, in fact, there is no half-cent relationship with "carbon fiber")
——Ceramic fiber sheet (domestic generally referred to as "ceramic" sheet)
——Graphite fiber - ceramic fiber composite piece (domestic unscrupulous merchants are generally called "carbon pottery" pieces, but the real "carbon ceramic" is not this thing at all)
Ordinary mixed fiber sheets
Although this kind of brake pad is also known as NAO, but the price is very cheap, but the high temperature resistance is poor, the friction coefficient of the brake pad itself is low (most of them are EF grade), so it is not suitable for use in high-speed environments, and the so-called plant fiber of the friction substrate itself is not wear-resistant. It is generally used in low-speed loaders, forklifts and other low-speed vehicles.
Graphite fiber sheet - commonly known as high carbon sheet
Many car owners know that the substrate used for high carbon sheets is graphite, and the friction coefficient of graphite fiber brake pads is still not high, but the foot feels very comfortable and there is a feeling of how much to step on. And it doesn't scratch the brake discs, and there's almost no sound when braking... Japanese car companies like to say "silky foot feeling" is about this product.
Ceramic fiber sheet - commonly known as ceramic sheet
This type of brake pad is mainly made of silicon carbide staple fiber or fiber powder bonded. The biggest advantage of "ceramic sheet" is that the friction coefficient and heat resistance can be comparable to "low metal" brake pads, generally between 0.32 and 0.42. But the brakes are correspondingly not as fierce as the "low metal". However, the advantage is that it can maintain a fairly stable brake performance at extremely high temperatures (excellent resistance to thermal decay)
Although commonly known as "ceramic pieces", it is not a "ceramic piece", but the skeleton material inside uses ceramic fibers. Therefore, this brake pad has distinct performance characteristics: the ceramic fiber micro hardness is extremely high (macro stiffness is very low).
And the last ceramic composite brake pads will not be specific to talk about, we just need to know that the most famous ceramic composite brake pads are carbon ceramic brake pads, this thing is particularly deep in water, the carbon ceramic sheet of the Eight Classics should be carbon fiber staple fiber and silicon carbide staple fiber blend after high temperature pressing once formed. (A set of tens of thousands of pure carbon flakes or high temperature sintering with short fiber toner sprinkled with silicon powder)
Carbon ceramic sheet of Zheng'er Bajing (almost all carbon)
This type of brake pad is expensive, the starting temperature is very high, it takes 300 ° C to have a braking force, and it is particularly afraid of oil. It can be said that it is completely unsuitable for family cars and street performance cars. However, some manufacturers on the market (a fake foreign brand in Shanghai) especially like to play routines, the so-called carbon ceramic brake pads are graphite powder + silicon carbide staple fiber pressing, and then sell the owner of a 4-digit set.
Short hardcore brake pads
The principle of preference is coming! Put it away
According to the price and performance characteristics of different types of brake pads, we have sorted out the general direction of how to choose brake pads for the majority of riders for your reference.
If you are traveling in the city, the agility of the brakes is very demanding, and you want to "come with a light step on the brakes", then it is recommended to choose "low metal" plates. Generally speaking, the price is also cheaper. Of course, you may face slightly louder noise and "powder loss" (depending on the strength of each house)
If you want to get a "silky foot feel" and the brakes are soft and smooth, you can consider "graphite" tablets, or "ceramic-graphite" composites.
If you drive violently, or often need to drive at high speeds and long distances, you can consider "ceramic" tablets. Because the relatively stable coefficient of friction and a small thermal attenuation will be more suitable, of course, the price may be more expensive.