Guangxi hydrangea making technique
Inheritance and development projects
Hydrangea culture has a long history, and the Song Dynasty Zhou Qufei recorded in the "Answer to the Lingwai Dynasty": "On the day of the shangwei, men and women gather in each rank and throw it away with five-colored knots as balls and songs, which is called flying stones, and men and women are enlightened and men are married." Later, the hydrangea gradually evolved into a mascot for the Zhuang people to express love and pass on blessings. In Guangxi, as long as there is a place for mountain songs, there is no shortage of colorful figures of hydrangeas. People transformed the flying stones into embroidered sacs to throw each other for entertainment, and the hydrangea ball gradually evolved into a mascot for the Zhuang people to express love and pass on blessings. In Guangxi, as long as there is a place for mountain songs, there is no shortage of colorful figures of hydrangeas.
Known as the "hometown of Chinese hydrangeas", Jiuzhou is located in Jingxi City, Guangxi, which makes this small border town also famous for hydrangeas, and the Zhuang people living here have always had a tradition of hand-making hydrangeas. In 2013, zhuang hydrangea making techniques and Zhuang hydrangea throwing customs were listed as the fourth batch of representative items of intangible cultural heritage at the autonomous region level.
The ingenuity of an embroidery lady throughout her life has cared for and promoted the development of hydrangeas. At present, The old state is engaged in the production of more than 1,000 hydrangeas, the annual production of about 230,000 hydrangeas, the annual output value of about 2.8 million yuan, has become one of the main industries in the old state farmers to increase income, and hydrangea craft, hydrangea culture-related product industries, cultural tourism projects, such as mushrooms, increasingly prosperous.
Through the integration of government, enterprises, embroidery girls and market resources, the establishment of hydrangea industry development base, embroidery workshop in the discovery and dissemination of hydrangea culture, the inheritance and development of hydrangea production skills, the design and sales of hydrangea products, the innovation and creation of hydrangea industry, etc., has developed into a local "excellent case". "Carrying a baby, embroidering flowers, raising the old, protecting the family." At present, hydrangea skills play an important role in helping rural revitalization through flexible employment at home.
Driven by the embroidery workshop, the embroidery girls adopt the form of flexible employment at home, solve the problem of employment and income of some local women with the fingertip economy, help local e-commerce poverty alleviation through hydrangea production, and promote the consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation achievements and the effective connection with rural revitalization.
In the past, the hydrangea ball was the mascot of the villagers to convey their feelings, and it was the artwork that the embroidery ladies poured their hearts into, and now, it is more integrated into the wisdom crystallization of a new era of dreamers. From traditional relics to zhuang symbols that are famous at home and abroad today. The hydrangea ball contains the ancient and romantic Zhuang culture, and the beautiful and moving simple emotions, which are going to the world through generations of inheritors. The story of hydrangea will surely present a more magnificent colorful chapter.
Wuzhou Liupao tea making technique
Heritage preservation project
It seems that every Chinese has its own understanding of tea, according to the Chinese character writing, tea is a person between grass and trees, tea is a person's attitude towards nature, but also an attitude towards the heart. In Wuzhou, Guangxi, tea drinking is a custom and culture, and here, there is a tea fragrance that has traveled through 1,500 years and has become the city's most unique memory.
Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, thanks to the prosperous waterway transportation at that time, a large number of high-quality tea leaves produced from Liupao have been loaded on ships at Hekou Wharf, along the Liubao River, into the Xijiang River, directly to Guangzhou, and then to Nanyang and all over the world, which is the famous "Tea Boat Ancient Road". Since then, Liupao tea has gone out of the mountains and crossed the ocean, becoming one of the important commodities of the Maritime Silk Road. ”
Liupao tea that went with the boat took root in all parts of Nanyang, through food stalls, tea house restaurants, supermarkets and shopping malls into the lives of locals, because of its role in cooling off heat and dampness, conditioning the stomach and intestines, to this day, Wuzhou Liupao tea is still a necessity of local daily life, widely welcomed by locals.
In 2014, Liupao tea making technology was included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative project list. At present, there is 1 national-level inheritor and 6 autonomous region-level inheritors, and a national-level intangible cultural heritage productive base and a demonstration base for the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage of minors in Guangxi have been built. The history of Liupao Tea's thousand-year-old tea making can be written to this day, which is inseparable from the Liupao tea production skills passed down from generation to generation in Liupao Town and the inheritance, persistence and innovation of each tea person to the history and culture of Liupao Tea.
The national intangible cultural heritage Liupao Tea Making Technology Productive Protection Demonstration Base adopts the operation mode of "company + farmer", which not only purchases tea green from farmers, but also allows local farmers to become traditional tea making experts through unified training, allowing farmers to work as production technicians in tea factories, creating jobs and driving more villagers to increase their income and become rich.
In recent years, Wuzhou has vigorously developed the Liupao tea industry, coordinated the "tea culture, tea industry, and tea technology", adhered to planning and guidance, brand building, cultural drive, and industry drive, and built a modern tea industry system in the whole industry chain. Let the modern scale production, ancient craftsmanship be inherited and developed, and become a fashion drink in the modern city.
A leaf has achieved an industry and enriched the people. A good cup of tea contains the ingenuity of the tea maker and contains a deep Chinese tea culture. Today's tea culture has long crossed national borders, crossed nationalities, and crossed languages, and the ancient Liupao tea has set sail again, using tea as a medium and tea friends to build a bond of cooperation between countries and a bridge of peace. As a landmark product of the ancient Silk Road, Liupao tea will surely make new contributions to promoting the construction of the "Belt and Road".
Qinzhou Xiaoxing pottery firing technique
Preservation of heritage practices
The Qin River is leisurely, the Road is not exhausted, the vicissitudes of the qin dynasty are endless, and there are countless northern and southern dynasties and anzhou winds. On the east and west banks of the Qin River, the soil takes on two different colors. Red mud is purple mudstone with high iron content, and white mud is soft clay. Qinzhou people mix red mud and white mud in a certain proportion, shape into various forms, and then through the firing of kiln fire, they are made into one of the four famous potteries in China - Xiaoxing pottery.
As a traditional folk craft, Qinzhou Xiaoxing pottery has a history of more than 1,300 years. During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, it was the heyday of the development of Qinzhou pottery. "Guangdong Province Chronicle of the Second Light Handicraft Industry" records that in February 1915, Guangdong selected more than 100 kinds of products to participate in the "Panama Pacific International Exposition" held in San Francisco, including Qinxian Xiaoxing pot, including 10 kinds of handicrafts were praised by the exposition, and the ware was widely used in the folk because of its fame and widespread use in the folk, so it was named "Xiaoxing".
Chinese arts and crafts master Li Renwei is preparing several masterpieces to participate in the "Millennium Ancient Pottery Fire Festival Ceremony" held in Qinzhou City, and firing with firewood in the "Dragon Kiln Re-firing" link. Located on the qin river, the dragon kiln site has a history of 640 years, it is 82 meters long, is the longest ancient dragon kiln announced in China for inclusion in cultural relics protection units.
After 3 days of firing and 2 days of cooling, Li Renwei's "high drum flower bottle" was fired. What makes Li Renwei most happy is that as a craft art, combined with material production and the creation of beauty, Xiaoxing pottery has a good inheritance and development in terms of texture, pottery carving, color, shape and even firing.
The atmosphere is another impression given by Xiaoxing pottery, which has been difficult to make since ancient times. As a woman, potter Chen Mei has a unique sensitivity and delicacy in the design of Xiaoxing pottery. The pottery she produces is stylish, novel and colorful. In recent years, she has won many awards in heavyweight competitions at home and abroad, so she has also been frequently invited to exhibit her works at home and abroad.
Chen Mei knows that in order to achieve a higher level of artistic effect, it is necessary to combine the depth of modeling, carving and kiln, and pursue the ultimate combination of fire and earth. Chen Mei summed up the experience of his predecessors and led the team to design a four-stage temperature kiln to control the temperature more accurately. Compared with the traditional Xiaoxing pottery firing process, modern electric kiln firing technology is more environmentally friendly and has a higher yield.
At Qinzhou No. 4 Middle School, the students are seriously studying a vivid lesson in the making skills of Xiaoxing pottery, and the one who teaches the skills to the students is Lu Jingping, a master of Chinese ceramic art and the representative inheritor of the Qinzhou Xiaoxing pottery firing technique, and his apprentices.
As a non-hereditary inheritor, Lu Jingping pays more attention to his own responsibility and responsibility. In order to pass on the skills of Xiaoxing pottery firing, he went to the campus, recruited apprentices, and taught the skills of Xiaoxing pottery, so that the younger generation fully understand the charm of the traditional culture of Qinzhou Xiaoxing pottery.
The production process of Xiaoxing pottery is very complicated, from the selection of clay to the design of the work, to the drawing of blanks, firing, carving, polishing, etc., each process has a lot of exquisite. Over the years, Lu Jingping has tirelessly explored the pottery process and explored the carving techniques of pushing knives and shaking knives that he created.
At present, Qinzhou has more than 900 pottery enterprises and studios, about 12,000 employees, because the Qinzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government attach great importance to help enterprises in innovation and reform, and gradually from traditional daily necessities to arts and crafts, ornaments, collections and other transformation, extension. In recent years, Xiaoxing pottery products have been sold to nearly 50 countries around the world, with an annual output value of 2 billion yuan. At the same time, the government also organized the activities of Xiaoxing pottery into the campus, into the countryside, into the community, into the enterprise, into the organs, to carry out historical and cultural research, research on the material, etc., to promote the culture of the pottery, so that this ancient pottery gave the glory of time and art, so that Qinzhou Pottery continued to grow and develop, becoming a unique industry in Guangxi and even the whole country, famous overseas.
For thousands of years, Chinese craftsmen have stepped on mountains, rivers, lakes and seas to build a legend of fire and earth. The fire that has burned for a thousand years is now burning more and more vigorously. The inheritance of the craftsman spirit is always on the road, generation after generation, endlessly.
Guangxi ethnic minority costume cultural heritage
Metadata standards and featured repositories
After a long period of change in the vast river of history, 12 ethnic groups have gradually formed on the vast fertile land of Guangxi. They unite and coexist, create a colorful national culture with the sweat of wisdom, they live in harmony, and engrave the cultural imprint in the costume with their dexterous hands, which has become an important part of traditional Chinese culture and a precious national intangible cultural heritage.
How to protect and inherit the cultural resources of ethnic minority costumes has become an urgent problem in front of us. It is precisely because of this that Guangxi Academy of Arts and Crafts Co., Ltd. and Beijing Institute of Fashion have jointly established a project team through school-enterprise cooperation, and carried out the research and development of metadata standards and characteristic resource libraries for the cultural heritage of ethnic minority costumes in Guangxi with digital protection and digital application as the main means.
After three years, the project team members traveled to 14 prefectures and cities in Guangxi, went deep into various ethnic minority areas, collected the costume materials of 11 hereditary ethnic minorities in Guangxi, such as Zhuang, Yao, Miao, Dong, Mulao, Maonan, Jing, Hui, Yi, Shui, and Mulao, collected more than 25,000 original picture materials, restored more than 2,000 precious ethnic minority costume photos, and audio and video for about 50 hours. Organize and edit about 170,000 words of related text. In view of the characteristics of ethnic minorities in Guangxi, the project team has established a systematic and scientific metadata identification system and a database of guangxi ethnic minority costume characteristics resources.
Nowadays, by logging into the Guangxi Ethnic Minority Costume Characteristic Resource Library and entering the keywords of ethnic costumes on the home page interface, you can view the relevant information of ethnic costumes in different regions and branches of Guangxi. Users can also view the costumes and cultures of various ethnic groups according to ethnicity, region and theme classification, and can access and download related pictures. The continuous expansion of the Guangxi Ethnic Minority Costume Characteristic Resource Database provides safe, clearly structured and rich data resource services for users in multiple categories, and better promotes the protection and inheritance of ethnic minority culture in Guangxi.
The establishment of the Guangxi Ethnic Minority Costume Characteristic Resource Database not only plays an important role in the protection and inheritance of Guangxi ethnic costume cultural resources, but also lays the foundation for advanced digital applications such as digitization, scientific storage and tourism digital experience of ethnic minority costume resources, village exhibition, virtual interaction of ethnic costumes, and e-commerce systems, which have good openness and scalability.
A work called "Splendid Guangxi", at first glance and the general brocade is no different, only to see the 14 regions on the map of Guangxi brocade, embroidery skills have their own characteristics, the national imprint jumped on the brocade, this is the project team members according to the experience of collecting style, created a unique "Guangxi map", this "Splendid Guangxi" contains the project team members for many years for the Guangxi ethnic minority clothing resource metadata standards and characteristic resource library construction of the hardship and sweat, At the same time, the project team members pay a heartfelt tribute to the establishment of the resource library.
Nowadays, the protection and inheritance of ethnic minority costume culture has become the consensus of the whole society, and the establishment of the Guangxi ethnic minority costume characteristic resource database has laid a solid foundation for the classification, standardization, digital protection and application of the national ethnic tapestry cultural heritage, and it is the unity and cooperation of the project team members, pioneering and innovative, which has injected the vitality of the new era into the inheritance of China's excellent traditional culture.