When the Chinese revolution was at an impasse, a bloody revolution was launched in distant Moscow, and the sparks of proletarian revolution were lit up all over the land of China.
The Communist Party of China has also accumulated and condensed the greatest force to guide the Chinese revolution to success in the future in the midst of turmoil in the mountains and rivers. Among them, Chairman Mao has made great efforts in the cause of the proletarian revolution, and his achievements and contributions during this period deserve to be remembered by all.
As the wheel of history rolls forward, the story of Chairman Mao's generation is getting farther and farther away from us, but it is also slowly approaching. More and more people are looking back at the past from now through history, biographies, reports and documentaries, and paying homage to Chairman Mao in those days. His deeds are gradually being known to more and more children of the younger generation.
But over the years, people are still confused about the two things that happened to Chairman Mao. One is why Chairman Mao did not enter the Forbidden City before his death, and the other is why Chairman Mao did not enter the Eight Treasure Mountain after his death. The reason is respectable.
Liberate Peiping and rebuild the Forbidden City
In January 1949, Xinbao' and Zhangjiakou and Tianjin were all liberated by our Party, and the thousand-year-old city of Beiping gradually entered the vision of the People's Liberation Army.
Under the peaceful uprising of Fu Zuoyi and other Kuomintang generals stationed in Peiping, our party steadily completed the third stage plan of the Pingjin Campaign and completed the peaceful liberation of Peiping on January 31, 1949.
Long before the peaceful liberation of Peiping, Chairman Mao twice drafted telegrams to the General Front Committee of the Pingjin Campaign, asking the Platon Army to pay attention to the protection of the Industrial Zone and cultural monuments in Peiping, stressing the need to vigorously strive for peaceful liberation, and if necessary for combat, the protection of famous and important cultural monuments, including the Forbidden City and the University, will be implemented as an army discipline.
After the peaceful liberation of Peiping, the restoration and reconstruction of the Forbidden City, one of the important cultural monuments, has also been gradually carried out under the attention of the people of the whole country.
The Forbidden City was built by Zhu Di, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, designed by Ku Xiang, and took 14 years to build under the construction of more than 300,000 migrant workers.
Serving the needs of the imperial power of feudal society, the original design of the Forbidden City, which covers an area of 720,000 square meters and a construction area of 150,000 square meters, shows the supreme majesty of the feudal emperor, while new China emphasizes the people's democratic dictatorship and emphasizes that the people are the masters of their own affairs, so the reconstruction of the Forbidden City in this period is more required by "mass cultural and sports and rest places".
The Sandeng Forbidden City is not allowed
From the peaceful liberation of Peiping until May 1954, Chairman Mao never set foot in the Forbidden City. It was not until May 1954 that Chairman Mao ascended the Forbidden City three times in four days and strolled along the city walls.
On May 17, 1954, Chairman Mao came outside the Forbidden City for the first time. At that time, the people who accompanied him on the tour were mainly two people, one was Luo Ruiqing, minister of public security, and the other was Han Bingwen, chief of the Forbidden City Security Section. In order not to attract the attention of tourists, Chairman Mao's trip was very low-key and quiet.
He ascended the city tower from the east ramp of the Shenwu Gate, and walked all the way along the city wall to the Donghua Gate. Chairman Mao even sat on a small horse and shared oranges with Luo Ruiqing and Han Bingwen while resting on the Donghuamen City Platform.
These rustic behaviors have successfully allowed him to blend in with the tourists around him. After resting, Chairman Mao visited the exhibition of cultural relics set up on the upper floor of the Noon Gate City, and did not quietly leave until near dusk.
Two days later, Chairman Mao appeared again on the Forbidden City, and he returned to the upper floor of the Noon Gate to continue to visit the cultural relics exhibition that had not been browsed last time. The next day, he went to the upper floor of the Forbidden City and did not leave until about 7 p.m.
This is the record of Chairman Mao's three visits to the Forbidden City but his inability to enter.
Many people were surprised by Chairman Mao's behavior of visiting the Forbidden City three times but not entering it. Although it is impossible to accurately know the true thoughts of Chairman Mao at that time, many historical researchers have come up with a more likely guess after careful analysis: political needs.
The Forbidden City was the administrative center of the previous feudal autocratic imperial power, and Chairman Mao, as the leader of the Communist Party of China under the leadership of the proletariat, was also worried that his move into the Forbidden City would affect the national level.
I have to say that leaders in high positions do things after careful consideration.
After his death, he did not enter the Eight Treasure Mountain
Babao Mountain is a hill located in the Xishanshanqian Plain in Beijing. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was mainly used as a retirement and burial place for elderly eunuchs. Later, a temple was built next to it, named Tsutomu kokuji Temple.
In 1946, the Nationalist government used it for other purposes, began to use it as a cemetery for heroic martyrs, and rebuilt the Martyrs' Shrine. The 38 generals who died during the War of Resistance Against Japan were buried here.
After the founding of New China, the preparation of revolutionary cemeteries for the burial of martyrs was also put on the agenda. After much consideration, the vice mayor of Beijing finally selected the former site of the Babaoshan Zhongguo Temple.
After the completion of the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery, it gradually became an honor given by the party to cadres and revolutionary military cadres. Deceased persons who meet the requirements must go through strict approval procedures, such as after the unit issues a letter of introduction and provides a copy of the appointment letter, and is approved by the higher department before they can be buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
With the crematization of all Communist Party members in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery converted the former Huguo Temple Hall into a revolutionary cemetery columbarium with a total of 28 columbarium rooms.
In terms of specifications and location arrangements, the deceased has been arranged differently according to the level of their positions in the party and the government, the length of time they have participated in the revolution, and the size of their contributions.
For example, the ashes of cadres at or above the deputy ministerial level, including former state leaders, are stored in the first room of the columbarium.
Among them, some late outstanding revolutionaries and leaders at the national level have stored or stored their ashes in this first room, while the last feudal emperor, the former acting president of the Republic of China, and some senior Kuomintang generals and rebel generals Fu have also been placed here.
But what is strange is that after Chairman Mao's death, he did not enter the first room of the columbarium of the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery. This is because later generations could not bear to cremate his body.
Originally, before Chairman Mao's death, he determined that as a Communist, he would also follow the principle of not occupying land after death, and demanded that his body be cremated after his death. In this way, his ashes will also be sent to Babao Mountain for resettlement according to the custom.
But after his death, the cadres of the central government could not bear to let the chairman, who had made great contributions to the country, also experience the pain of being burned by the heat, so after the resolution, they used a special way to preserve his body intact and placed it in a crystal coffin.
Chairman Mao, who led the proletariat to victory in revolutionary victory and established a new China, had a very high reputation and status in that era and even in later generations. At that time, although it was clear that cremation would not occupy the benefits of future generations, there was still trepidation in their hearts about this kind of violation of the old convention.
Fearing that Chairman Mao would perish, they did not follow Chairman Mao's instructions before his death, but made him the second leader of the Central Committee to preserve his body since he succeeded him.
Such a move reflects the respect and love of the party organizations for Chairman Mao, and also facilitates future generations to continue to admire Chairman Mao's glory.
brief summary:
Although Chairman Mao also made serious mistakes in his later years, in his lifetime, his indisputable merits to the Chinese revolution were far greater than the mistakes he committed in his later years. Therefore, Chairman Mao has always been revered by the Chinese people.
In the memories of Chairman Mao in later generations, his deeds of not entering the Forbidden City three times before his death and not entering the Babao Mountain after his death have also aroused the doubts of many people. For political reasons, as the leader of the Communist Party of China, which led the proletariat, Chairman Mao always cautiously observed his words and deeds after the founding of New China in order to reduce unnecessary influence on the national level.
Fearing that his entry into the Forbidden City, which represented the feudal imperial power, would cause unnecessary misunderstandings, he visited only the city walls three times. After his death, he did not enter the BabaoShan Because the party organization respected and loved Chairman Mao, and Chairman Mao's body was also well preserved in a special way, becoming the second leader of the Central Committee who could preserve his body at that time.