"Emperor Huizong of Song can do everything, but he can't be the ear of the king!" - "History of song", detachment
This is a sentence that the Yuan Dynasty prime minister took off to compile the history of the Song Dynasty, and when he compiled the "Book of Huizong", he was angry and sighed. What do you mean? That is to say: Emperor Huizong of Song can do anything, but he will not become an emperor!
In fact, Song Huizong is definitely the most outrageous emperor in Chinese history, and his emperor is not good, but his artistic achievements are extremely high.
People who know a little about ancient Chinese art know that Song Huizong can be described as a top art master, speaking of calligraphy, his "thin gold body" can be described as a very personality, flexible penmanship, thin handwriting, for posterity to emulate. Zhao Mengfu, a great calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty, once commented on this
:'' The so-called thin gold body, heavenly bones and beautiful, fun and elegant. ''
From here, the status of Song Huizong's thin gold body in the calligraphy world can be affirmed.
Song Huizong's thin gold body
Not only calligraphy, Song Huizong's painting skills are also very good. Because of his preferences, Song Huizong deliberately established a calligraphy and painting academy in Hanlin, and for a time the status of painters was different from the past. On that day, several cranes flew in the palace, and Song Huizong felt that this was a sign of prosperity, so he drew a "Ruihe Diagram" by hand, which is now in the Collection of the Liaoning Museum.
《The Crane Diagram of Junzhuang》
Song Huizong Zhao Tuo's "Sketching Rare Birds" sold for 23 million yuan at the 2002 China Jiadechun auction, creating the highest record in the history of Chinese painting and calligraphy auctions at that time.
Part of "Sketching Rare Birds"
In art, Song Huizong can be said to have reached the pinnacle of perfection.
However, it is true that a nation needs art, but the leader of a nation needs more than just art, but the ability to govern the country.
As far as governing the country was concerned, Emperor Huizong of Song was extremely faint.
Due to the improper administration of Emperor Huizong of Song, many peasant uprisings broke out in the territory, the most famous of which was the Jiangnan La Uprising, which affected the population of two million and caused a sensation in zhejiang. The direct trigger for this uprising was derived from The artistic preferences of Emperor Huizong of Song. "History of Song" Yun:"
Since the ancients lost their minds as playthings, indulged in lust and defeated, few immortals, Huizong was very bad, so he especially thought that he was a warning"
。 Emperor Huizong of Song loved the landscape of the southern country, but the country was in the north, and could only hope to build gardens. Therefore, after Emperor Huizong of Song ordered the construction of Gongyue, officials in the south searched everywhere for strange stones to worship the emperor. The people of the south who have strange stones and stones in their homes are among the raiders. This is the famous "Huashi Gang" (people who have seen "Water Margin" have heard this), and for a while Jiangnan complained and the people were miserable.
In the end, the Fang La rebellion was put down, but the Great Song Court was still faint, the Lord was dimwitted, and there was no sense of crisis at all levels of the Manchu Dynasty. The "History of Song" said
''Cai Jing used his thin and ingenious assets to help his arrogance and lascivious ambitions''
, Song Huizong himself also
''Drowning in nothingness, admiring the view of the people, exhausting the people's strength','''The king's rulers are yiyu, they are born to each other, they are neglecting the state government, and their daily actions are nonsense''
The emperor neglected the affairs of the country, and spent all day enjoying himself with his close subjects, and for a time the wind of pleasure prevailed in the court.
Song Huizong belonged to the typical example of playthings, he himself liked art, and even raised the status of art to the highest position in Chinese history, and established the Hanlin Calligraphy and Painting Academy, that is, the Court Painting Academy at that time. Even the use of painting to evaluate the examination, every year with poetry as the title has stimulated many new creative stories, which greatly stimulated the development of Chinese painting artistic conception, but also greatly reduced the political level of the officials of the Great Song Dynasty.
Sure enough, the chaos of the Song Dynasty caused a major disaster, and Emperor Huizong of Song not only fainted but also liked it, but also sent a bunch of stupid people to implement the stupid national policy of "linking up with Jin to destroy the Liao", and as a result, his national strength was greatly damaged, and he also exposed the faintness of the Song Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, and the Jurchens directly attacked the Song after destroying the Liao. On December 23 of the seventh year of Xuanhe (January 18, 1126), when Emperor Huizong was unable to cope, he hurriedly allowed the throne of Tianzi to be given to his son Song Qinzong to deal with, and he himself became "Emperor Taishang" and fled, but in the end he could not save the situation. After the Jin army temporarily retreated, Emperor Huizong returned to Beijing and lived in Longde Palace.
After that, the Jin people attacked the Song again, directly arrived at the capital of the Song Dynasty, Kaifeng, the Battle of Kaifeng, which was a good situation, and the Song Emperor commanded blindly, resulting in not much effort, the Jin soldiers broke through Kaifeng, which is the famous "shame of Jingkang", to what extent is the shame? The Jin people themselves did not expect such a big battle result, ben only wanted to plunder, and as a result, half of the mountains and rivers were destroyed.
Later, the great artist and his son were plundered by the Jin soldiers, and both became prisoners of the Jin people. Jin Bing plundered his concubines and made him and his son kneel in mourning clothes, and the majesty that once sat on the throne of the Kaifeng Imperial Palace was gone.
According to historical records, on August 21, the sixth year of Tianhui (Jin Dynasty, 1128), a group of Song captives arrived at Huining Province in Jinshang (located 2 kilometers south of Acheng District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province). On the twenty-fourth day, the Second Emperor and the male and female Song captives were all naked and naked, dressed in sheepskin, and knelt down to worship the Jin Taizu Temple
"Lead the Sheep"
(An insulting surrender ritual of the Jurchens.) The sheep-leading ceremony requires the captives to be naked, covered in sheep's clothing, tied with a rope around their necks, and to be led like a sheep, which also means that they are slaughtered like sheep. ), worshipping Emperor Taizong of Jin at the Qianyuan Hall
Finish Yan Wu begging to buy
。 Emperor Taizong of Jin made Emperor Huizong of Song the Duke of Xiade and Emperor Qinzong the Marquis of Chongdu.
This is obviously an insulting title, but we have to admit that it is very objective and pertinent.
In July of the eighth year of Tianhui (1130), he moved the Second Emperor to the Five Kingdoms City (present-day Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province) under house arrest, however, during the exile, Song Huizong was still good at writing poetry, but at this time, his state of mind was probably not so dashing, I don't know if he would have a trace of remorse for his previous faintness.