Today, we have the honor to invite Fan Wenzhenggong, the "first person of the Song Dynasty", as a guest of "The Dream travels of the Western Regions".
Hello, Mr. Fan.
Good evening to the audience in front of the TV.
I said, in order to express my incessant admiration for you, first of all, allow me to read aloud here a passage of your "Record of Yueyang Lou".
"Do not rejoice in things, do not grieve with oneself, and those who live in the temple are worried about their people, and those who are far away from the rivers and lakes are worried about their kings." It is both forward and worrying, and retreating is also worrying. But when is leyy? It must be known: the world is worried and worried, and the world is happy and happy."
He bowed his head slightly, saying that this is the attitude that our scholars should have when pursuing "self-cultivation and family governance and world peace", and it is also the spirit advocated by my alma mater, "Ying Tianfu Academy".
I said, "Ying Tianfu Academy" should be equivalent to the current Tsinghua Peking University, full of talents, how did you get admitted to the jinshi in that year?
He said that maybe many friends in the live broadcast room know my family background, but it doesn't matter, and then introduce myself to new and old friends. My ancestors were from the family of officials and eunuchs, the backward life in the family road fell into poverty, my mother remarried to Zibo City, Shandong Province, in order to survive with the two-year-old me, I followed my adoptive father's surname, changed my name to Zhu Said, pay attention to this word to read "Yue".
Of course, these were all inadvertently learned after I grew up, when sorrow came from it, so I bid farewell to my mother and decided not to return home. In the days of studying in Ying Tianfu, it was very bitter, washing his face with cold water every day, drinking thin porridge to fill his hunger, so he studied hard in the cold window for four years, and at the age of 26, he entered the army and the first, and embarked on the career path.
I said, you have been degraded three times in your life, and you have been called "Fan Gong Sanyao" by posterity, and the first time you were demoted from Beijing because you offended Empress Zhang Xian, can you tell us about the situation at that time?
He said, what is the situation with Empress Dowager Zhang Xian? She is the empress of Emperor Zhenzong of Song, known as Liu E, the first female protagonist of the Song Dynasty, and the protagonist in the famous "Tanuki Cat for Prince", and your descendants often call her together with Han Zhilu Hou and Tang Zhiwu Hou.
I said, then this Empress Liu also has the heart of usurpation?
He said, No, although Empress Liu had no heirs, she was favored by the True Sect, and she was a powerful faction, with the talent of Lü Wu and the evil of Lü Wu.
I asked, then how did you offend her?
He said that after Emperor Zhenzong's death, Emperor Renzong, who was only thirteen years old, took the throne, because Emperor Renzong was not the son of Empress Liu, so Emperor Renzong always feared Empress Liu. Every year when Empress Liu celebrates her birthday, Emperor Renzong will take the civil and military officials to pay homage to shou, which I think is very inappropriate. He wrote that the emperor would pay homage to his mother as a son, which could be done, but if he and the ministers worshiped the empress dowager as a courtier, it would be chaotic. Moreover, Emperor Renzong was already twenty years old, and it was time for Empress Liu to return the government to Emperor Renzong.
I said, you are taking the life of the world as your own responsibility, and you do not hesitate to offend the powerful. "Fan Jun's trip is extremely glorious" you deserve it. Historical records, only 5 years, you transferred back to the central government?
He said, yes, 5 years later Empress Liu died, and Emperor Renzong took charge of the government and transferred me back. Soon after his return, Emperor Renzong wanted to change his daughter-in-law because he did not like the empress chosen by Empress Liu, but you said that after being abolished for no reason, how could it be conducive to the stability of the court? The emperor and empress are the parents of the courtiers, and even if the children can persuade them to leave their parents, they must oppose it.
I said, this is the first time you intervened in the mother-child relationship, the second time you intervened in the relationship between husband and wife, what about the third time? For what reason?
He said: Moreover, because Lü Yijian, the prime minister at that time, controlled the government, appointed cronies, and cultivated party henchmen, I presented the "Hundred Officials Map" to Emperor Renzong and made sharp criticisms of the personnel system, and then Lü Yijian launched a counterattack and impeached me for "colluding with friends and separating the monarchs, and so I was degraded." However, there was a controversy among the party, and within a year, Lü Yijian was also dismissed from the post of prime minister.
I said that this is the famous "Jingyou Party Struggle" in history. However, your many times being degraded has also made you successful, making your image of just and upright more and more magnificent, so every time the court encounters a major event, you are the one who "everyone expects".
He said that this was also due to the fact that Li Yuanhao, who originally belonged to the Great Song Dynasty, came to power and proclaimed himself emperor, known in history as "Great Xia", completely broke diplomatic relations with the Song Dynasty, and the Song and Xia Wars broke out in an all-round way.
I said, after all, you are a literati, do you have a bottom in your heart when you go to the battlefield?
He said that in addition to considering the physical fitness of soldiers and the morale of the army, the final competition is the brain, strategy, and tactics. The core of the operational policy of "active defense and long-term defense" proposed by me is to build a castle while defending, and to change wild warfare into castle warfare. Because our Song Dynasty has always been heavy on literature and light on military force, and the combat effectiveness of the army is not strong, so my focus is on "defending", constantly strengthening the border defense, building fortresses, and converting twelve old fortresses into cities, so that the exiles can return. After a few rounds, Li Yuanhao also fought hard, and in addition, both sides had plans to negotiate peace, so under the premise that the Song government promised silver compensation, Li Yuanhao submitted again.
I said, but this is equivalent to opening the "Pandora's Box", and after a look at the surrounding barbarians, wow, rolling with sugar to eat, will definitely follow suit. Alas, this is also the root cause of the later demise of the Song Dynasty.
I asked, and later you rose all the way to the rank of deputy prime minister, and also came up with a "new policy to celebrate the calendar" and put forward more than a dozen reform proposals.
He said that we also want to make tomorrow better, so we have joined hands to carry out this reform, the core of which is to solve the three redundant problems of "redundant officials", "redundant soldiers", and "redundant expenses".
I asked, what are the specific initiatives?
He said that the first is to slim down the officialdom. On the one hand, the survival of the fittest is for existing officials, and on the other hand, it is necessary to strictly control the entry barrier, close the "door shade" system that the children of the nobles can directly appoint without examination, and reduce the number of cadres at the same time. The second is to reduce taxes and activate agriculture and commerce. The third is to restart the conscription system, which must come and be compulsory.
I said, I wonder how the Great Song Dynasty did not attach importance to national defense. Why did the New Deal fail later?
He said that it was Song Renzong who demanded reform, and it was he who stopped him, and to say a great disrespectful word, Renzong's ear roots were too soft, from good as flow, from evil as flow. In the face of gushing opposition, he retracted, not only stopping the reform, but also sending me to Dengzhou, Henan.
I said that although the New Deal is good, it has slimmed down the bureaucracy and moved the cake of too many people, and it is necessary to give people a buffer period, and if they cannot come up, they must take the cake away, but they must slowly move it away and gradually push it forward. One thing, I think is very praised, is your reform of the imperial examination, the examination is no longer tested for poetry and recitation of scriptures, and the second is to examine the theory of policy, according to the actual situation of politics, economy and military, the examination questions are issued, just like our current civil service examination. After all, writers are still different from military and politicians.
He said that there have been more than a dozen large and small reforms in China's history, and I think there have only been two and a half times that have really succeeded, one is the Shang martingale transformation method, one is the reform and opening up, and the other half is Zhang Juzheng's reform, which is regarded as a technical repair. The most famous failure is Wang Anshi's change of law, the core of Wang Anshi's change of law is to help the country to make money, touching too many layers of interests, and failing to benefit the majority of the people, and more importantly, he did not let go of the poor.
For example, if you force a loan to farmers to lend young seedlings, you have to borrow it, and if you don't borrow it, you have to borrow it. If we can be more avant-garde, not through lending, but also to open state-owned enterprises, engage in trade, and engage in exports, it will be another situation.
I say, here's the interesting thing, that history will only move forward, and maybe a slight bump in the little rock under the wheel will cause an uproar years from now. For example, Li Chengliang of the Ming Dynasty, who has made great achievements in his life, but has suffered thousands of misfortunes, and ten thousand deaths are not enough to forgive his sins. Truly, the hero of the immortal world, the head of the sin of the thousand autumns.
He said that I did not know this person well, but I had heard about him over there. All I can say is that this is history. Yatou, no one is a saint, always remember human nature, learn slowly.
I said that I would like to thank Mr. Fan for coming here and benefiting me a lot.
See you next time!
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The article is not documentary literature, I am not necessarily me, you are not necessarily you, do not sit on the right number.
Western Lady
There are interesting and interesting post-90s generations with souls
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