Are there any hopes for the return of the five countries that once belonged to China's territory? Today's developments are surprising
China has 9.6 million square kilometers of land, ranking third in the world in terms of territorial area, but you know what? In fact, since the Qing Dynasty, 5 countries have successively separated from China, and they have long established their own political power, and they have not yet taken it back. So who are these 5 countries? How is it going today? How have they changed in history, and how have they been separated?
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Mongolia
The first country is Mongolia, which is very close to us in the north, and the two sides have a large border, which is a purely landlocked country sandwiched between china and Russia. In fact, the history of Mongolia and the Central Plains was once very close, with good and bad sides, and once accompanied each other in the long river of historical development, and most of the time it belonged to China. However, its detachment process was relatively slow, and after a long period of development, it officially separated from us little by little from the end of the Qing Dynasty.
We all know that the establishment of the Mongolian Yuan regime was the regime established by genghis Khan's descendants in the Central Plains, and in the course of the Southern Expedition and the Northern War, China's territory almost extended to Europe. After being overthrown by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Interior of Mongolia also began to develop northward to west and gradually began to split into Tatars and Vara, and fought with the Ming Dynasty for many years.
After the Qing Dynasty, the Mongol regime gradually evolved into the Dzungars, and its interference with the Qing Dynasty was also tiresome. Of course, until this period, they were obedient most of the time, until the end of the Qing Dynasty, when various problems began to appear, which led to the end we see now. First of all, there were internal reasons within the Qing government, and some of the policies and regulations they promulgated were contrary to the actual situation in Mongolia, causing their dissatisfaction. Secondly, the Qing government at that time was weak and unable to protect itself, coupled with the invasion of great powers, forcing the Qing government to sign a series of unequal treaties, and the national strength was further weakened, and it was no longer able to control Mongolia.
The Mongols also took advantage of this opportunity to strengthen ties with Tsarist Russia and were determined to pursue independence. When the Wuchang Uprising broke out, Tsarist Russia seized the opportunity to aid the Mongols with weapons and ammunition, sent troops to drive out the Qing troops stationed there, and with their support, Outer Mongolia declared independence. Although we have never recognized the name, we still cannot stop the trend of Mongolia's secession. Eventually, under the pressure of Tsarist Russia, the Beiyang government was forced to recognize the independence of Outer Mongolia.
Time has developed to the present, Mongolia has become a relatively large area, but the economic model of a single country, they continue the previous nomadic style, but it is difficult to form a complete production chain, because it is a purely landlocked country, the lack of corresponding foreign trade opportunities, once fell into the dilemma of development.
But fortunately Mongolia's mineral resources are very rich, the reserves are amazing, such as rare earths such minerals are more than many countries flock to, in the nineties of the last century, Mongolia with the attraction of foreign mining enterprises, earned a lot of foreign exchange, per capita GDP once ranked in the forefront of the world, but this good day did not last long, soon the production structure of unreasonable ills exposed, Mongolia lack of its own technology, so many times had to be limited to foreign capital and foreign technology, Coupled with many factors such as a large amount of debt in order to develop and exploit, its domestic mineral mining industry has also had to stop the pace of development.
In fact, Mongolia's economic development environment is not ideal, although the territory is large, but many things are relatively lacking, the irreversibility of the geographical environment also limits the development of its industry, which has also caused the situation that we are now seeing, sitting on countless minerals but unable to sustain the development of the economy. Mongolia today relies a lot of time on two neighbors, and there may be a long way to go before it recovers or returns to the levels of the 1990s.
Viet Nam
Soon after Qin Shi Huang unified the Central Plains, he sent a large number of troops all the way south, occupied today's Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian regions, conquered Baiyue, and established three counties under the administration of the state, and at the same time migrated a large number of immigrants to the area to reclaim the border, and carried out a series of integrated development, of which most of Vietnam belonged to Xiang County at that time.
In the last years of the Qin Dynasty, when the world was in turmoil and war began to be fought again, the regime had no time to look south, and Vietnam was given the opportunity to take advantage of the turmoil to establish a new regime as king. And this happiness did not last long, during the Han Dynasty, after the basic stability of the state power, the ruler did not forget this "little brother" in the Baiyue area, after repeated rebellions, the Great Han Tianzi began to send troops to Vietnam to settle the general account, after several conquests, once again restored the control of the Vietnamese region, Vietnam is once again transferred back to our territory.
However, in the following time, Vietnam was far from the center of the regime, and it was very remote, and there were many local indigenous and ethnic groups, many of which were completely different from those in the Central Plains, not only had difficulties in management, but also difficult to be assimilated, so this area has not been peaceful. But even so, the relationship between Vietnam and us has not changed much, and it is basically a clan relationship that has remained for centuries.
In fact, Vietnam separated from us relatively early, in the 19th century, in order to establish a transit station, and then occupied Vietnam, and the Qing government at that time was weak and powerless to control, and finally had to watch Vietnam occupied by France, in the 1855 "Sino-French New Covenant" in the Qing government signed to give up the sovereignty of the vassal state of Vietnam, forced to recognize Vietnam as a French colony, after which Vietnam was colonized by France for nearly a hundred years.
In the modern period, Vietnam in order to be independent, in order to break away from France also after a lot of wars, especially after World War II, Vietnam's environment was once worse, it was difficult to drive away France and the United States to take over, and then North and South Vietnam stood side by side for decades, and Vietnam finally completed its reunification after several wars. Since then, most places in Vietnam have learned from our development model, and various fields have shown different weather, and now their processing and production industries have become an irreplaceable economic development environment in Asia.
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world, roughly the same size as India, but far apart in population, and although it is now a good neighbor alongside us, Kazakhstan has been our dependency for most of its history. As early as the Han Dynasty, we established the Western Regions Protectorate in a large area of the local area, and for more than 8 centuries, the Western Regions were directly ruled by the Huaxia Dynasty.
However, Kazakhstan was not calm and stable after that, and struggled back and forth on the road of foreign invasion and resistance until the mid-18th century, when it was officially incorporated into our territory again and under the jurisdiction of General Ili for a hundred years. With the weakening of the Qing government, Tsarist Russia took the opportunity to invade Kazakhstan. And after the Opium War, Tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the Tacheng Agreement by threat of force, taking control of most of Kazakhstan's territory.
After the October Revolution, Kazakhstan was given the opportunity to break away from Russian rule and for a long time belonged to the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan ushered in its own opportunity for independence and declared itself the Republic of Kazakhstan.
In terms of development, most of Kazakhstan is still very dependent on animal husbandry, and it also encountered a bottleneck in development after the period after leaving the Soviet Union, but it and Mongolia have good mineral resources, especially in oil and natural gas, and we have established and long-term cooperative relations.
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan is also a landlocked country, the earliest into the Territory of China during the Western Han Dynasty, like Kazakhstan, after the Opium War, under the threat of force of Tsarist Russia, the Qing government and Russia were forced to sign the "Sino-Russian Northwest Side" treaty, which ceded a large area of Kyrgyzstan that once belonged to us to the Soviet Union, and lasted for a hundred years, and finally seized the opportunity to declare independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Most of Kyrgyzstan's land area is high above sea level, in the center of Eurasia, and is rich in water resources, which means that it has great potential and advantages in the field of carding power generation. At the same time, Kyrgyzstan is also rich in plant resources, and more than 1,600 of the more than 3,000 species of plants currently recorded have economic value. However, after breaking away from the Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstan's economic development depended heavily on working for Russia, and although the development has been relatively slow in recent years, it is constantly adjusting, and there is still great potential for development in the future.
Tuva
The Republic of Tuva, located in the northwest of Mongolia, has always belonged to our territory since the Tang Dynasty, and has maintained such a relationship for thousands of years, although through dynastic changes, Tuva's position in our territory has never changed, until the mid-19th century, the Qing government signed a treaty of mourning and humiliation with Tsarist Russia, and only ceded Tuva from the northwest.
During the Republic of China, we tried to take back Tuva, but in the end we did not succeed, and now Tuva is a unit belonging to the Russian Federation. However, it was not until 1994 that the territory of Tuva was officially divided from our country. The current development of Tuva is also a smooth economic development situation is not bad.
Now these five countries are inextricably linked to us in history, or our vassal states or from a thousand years ago were part of our territory, and now they have long become independent countries, whether economic or other aspects have different degrees of development, perhaps in the near future, we will ride on the sails of the times, usher in their own excellent development situation, and maintaining the current situation may also be the appropriate choice.