If you look at the textbooks of the military academies of various countries in the world, you will find that there will always be a large paragraph about a Chinese unit, and there will be a detailed explanation of the war of this unit.
This unit was the 39th Army
Claims
Shino Yushi
, can be used as a teaching material by so many countries, you can imagine the combat effectiveness of this unit.
A certain unit of the 39th Army has a Soviet-made submachine gun and an American-made M1 carbine
The Fourth Field Army of the People's Liberation Army was one of the main forces during the Liberation War, and there were four corps below, the 39th Army was subordinate to the 14th Corps, and the commander of the corps was General Liu Yalou. This force was also the main force during the agrarian revolution and was once the vanguard of the Long March.
This team was in the Liaoshen Campaign,
It took eight days to liberate Northeast Jinzhou
，
It was followed by the annihilation of Liao Yaoxiang's corps
。 And then again
Participated in the Battle of Pingjin, broke through the city gate in one fell swoop, and destroyed the enemy's city defense headquarters
。
The 39th Army was also one of the first volunteers to enter Korea
On the Korean battlefield, the 39th Army played the style of our army and won seven firsts, and since then its prestige has been far and wide, so that the US imperialists dare not underestimate the strength of the Chinese Army.
When the Korean War broke out in 1950, this was supposed to be an internal affair on the Korean Peninsula, but it was interfered with by the United States at that time. The United States led the United Nations in passing a resolution sending so-called United Nations troops to support South Korea against North Korea, and the war also changed its flavor. What was originally an internal affair on the Korean Peninsula has now become a war between the socialist and capitalist camps.
Wu Xinquan, commander of the 39th Army, and Xu Binzhou, political commissar
The general sent by the U.S. military at that time was
Five-star Admiral MacArthur
During World War II, he was a victorious general, so naturally he did not take China seriously. Ignoring China's warnings, the U.S. military repeatedly invaded Chinese airspace, and the flames of war could soon reach the Yalu River. The most excessive thing is that he has directly expressed it internationally."
The Yalu River is not an insurmountable obstacle for China and North Korea
”
We certainly don't want to initiate war, but if someone threatens our security, that's another story.
At that time, China experienced many years of war, and it can be said that it was a hundred wastes waiting to be rebuilt, and it was best to focus on construction. We not only want to build roads, we also want to build factories, we want to find ways to let the people live a life of food and food, and we don't want to pay too much attention to other countries.
But the sense of superiority of these capitalist countries is too high, and they do not take any country into account
The fighting of the US army has reached the Yalu River
At the Battle of Baiyun Mountain, the U.S. army was severely defeated, and the 39th Army took four firsts on the Korean battlefield
On October 8, 1950, China made a decision to resist us aggression and aid Korea.
Mr. Peng led the volunteer army across the Yalu River
。 On October 29, Walker, commander of the U.S. Eighth Army, sent his ace, the 1st Cavalry Division, to Unsan to strike at the volunteers who had just entered Korea.
This was the first confrontation between the volunteers entering North Korea and the United States
Mr. Peng had already thought of this problem and wanted to take this opportunity to take down the opponent's ace division so as to severely dampen the other party's momentum. He sent out our ace 39th Army, and it was to meet the enemy from the front, and this contest between the Chinese and American ace armies was very exciting.
Wu Xinquan, commander of the 39th Army, has experienced hundreds of battles, participated in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, and has a strong combat ability.
He led the 39th Army to the Korean battlefield, and could not wait to fight a battle, it had been more than 20 days since entering Korea, and the 39th Army had long been ready for battle, just waiting for the moment when it would fight the enemy.
Machine gun positions of the 39th Army
It can be said that this battle is crucial, the 39th Army needs a victory, and their target is the South Korean First Division stationed in Unsan City. The 39th Army is ready to blow up and kill them,
Unexpectedly, they ran into the American army
The South Korean First Division was surrounded by the 39th Army at Unsan, and Walker ordered their ace troops to cut a bloody road for the North Korean troops, and soon the American cavalry regiment rushed to Unsan. But do not underestimate this cavalry regiment, their equipment is very advanced, a cavalry regiment is also equipped with an artillery battalion and a tank battalion, our army is not as good as their firepower.
The 39th Army's blocking position north of Yunshan Mountain
After the confluence of the U.S. Cavalry Regiment and the South Korean forces,
In fact, the US military looked down on the enemy very much, and those Us generals at that time were generally arrogant
。 Because they have very powerful weapons and equipment, they feel that they are invincible on the battlefield, and they do not know that sometimes it is not only weapons and equipment that determine victory.
At that time, the commander of the Korean army had worked as an intelligence officer in Japan, and he was still very familiar with the Chinese army.
Because he once fought in the northeast and the Chinese army.
Before the American cavalry regiment arrived, he sensed that there were many Chinese troops surrounded by Yunshan, and he was kind enough to remind Palmer."
There are Chinese troops all over Yunshan, they are very effective, I hope you are careful
The arrogant Palmena took these words to heart, and he just chuckled a little."
Yellow people also fight?
In the Battle of Yunshan, the Mountain Artillery Battalion of the 116th Division of the 39th Army entered the position
The United States won the victory in World War II, knocking down the powerful Germany and Japan, and they naturally felt invincible. MacArthur and Palmer were both famous generals in World War II, and the American high-level sent them here to trust them very much.
Coupled with their wild rhetoric, they said they would occupy the Korean Peninsula before Thanksgiving
。 It can be said that this arrogance is not their personal nature, it is at that time, Europeans and Americans felt this way.
On the Korean battlefield,
MacArthur's best bet was probably the Inchon landing, and there were no results after that
。 After the end of World War II, his troops stayed in Japan and enjoyed five years in Japan. There was such an arrogant general, his men had learned his eight or nine points, and everyone had a low eye.
Because the glory of the past is too great,
They bear the aura of the God of War on their heads
He does not take any country in his eyes at all, and feels that he is invincible in the world. Coupled with the fact that the United States had the most advanced weapons at that time, it was difficult for capitalist countries to make enemies of them, let alone them
China, a new regime that has just been born, does not even have an air force or navy, and the air supremacy on the Korean battlefield belongs entirely to the United States
Schematic diagram of the Battle of Yunshan
Palmer did have arrogant capital, but he had never really fought the Chinese army and did not understand the willpower of the Chinese army. Of course he will soon pay the price for arrogance,
The 39th Army had been waiting for them for too long
When the U.S. First Cavalry Battalion marched to Unsan,
Wu Xinquan also immediately sent a team of men and horses to encircle the enemy's rear road, hoping to block the assistance from the rear of the US army, so that he could completely eat the Korean troops
However, this unit was soon discovered by the Us army, after all, their reconnaissance skills were still very strong. The pilots of the American reconnaissance planes noticed that some soldiers were hurrying along the path, and they tried to bombard them with artillery shells, but the soldiers kept advancing.
This is exactly the unit of the 39th Army. They wanted to break through the blockade of the American army and cut off the road in front of them, so that they could cut off their back roads. Our army is very good at this tactic, in the previous war,
Our army has repeatedly adopted roundabout encirclement and then carried out encirclement points to provide reinforcements
The attacking forces of the 39th Army launched an attack on the 1st Cavalry Division of Yunshan
The commander of the US division was also very frightened to learn this news
He knew that the volunteers were going to cut off their back roads. He immediately ordered the cavalry regiment to retreat, but unfortunately it was too late, and our army had already blocked the road. In order to fight for the road, they used planes and tanks, and bombarded them with a large number of shells.
The soldiers of the volunteer army were not afraid of their artillery fire at all, and the greater the enemy's artillery fire, the stronger the momentum of the volunteer army and the more courageous the counterattack. The volunteers were not as weapon-armed as the Americans, but their combat capabilities were much better than theirs, which they probably did not expect.
When Palmer learned that he had been wrapped up in the road,
The South Korean army could not withstand this pressure and simply wanted to run
Palmer was so angry that he didn't fight.
U.S. artillery
Before the arrival of the American troops, as soon as the South Korean troops touched North Korea, they ran wildly, and the American troops came to support them
。 This means that the mud cannot support the wall, and their troops have no combat effectiveness at all, or they do not want to fight for the authorities.
However, our army certainly cannot give them the opportunity to escape, and the 39th Army led by Wu Xinquan has waited for a long time for this piece of fat meat, and it is almost to the mouth, so it must be eaten, and it is absolutely impossible for them to escape. Wu Xinquan immediately ordered:
Launch a general attack on the White Mountains in advance
！
At this point, he did not know that his opponent was not the South Korean army, but the powerful American army.
The 39th Army soon wrapped up the outskirts of the famous mountain,
In a few hours, the mountains were filled with Chinese military trumpets
The U.S. military was blindfolded. This was not in their plans, completely out of proportion.
Naturally, the South Korean army could not withstand the onslaught of the 39th Army, and they were quickly all annihilated, like a swarm of headless flies
The situation of the US military is not good, they have not encountered this situation before, and they have no experience in fighting with Chinese soldiers. The volunteers, accompanied by the sound of trumpets, frightened the Americans into fleeing, and it was only by this time that the 39th Army discovered that their enemy was the American Ace Cavalry Division.
Wu Xinquan
But Wu Xinquan was not afraid, he and the political commissar said: "
No wonder the other side's firepower is so strong, it turned out that it was a hard bone, it was the ace army of the Americans, and it was the trump card that continued to attack Lao Tzu
”。
At that time, our army grasped the initiative, and the morale of the soldiers was also very high, braving the artillery fire to charge, so they trapped the AMERICAN troops inside the city and occupied the positions outside the city.
Mr. Peng also quickly sent a telegram
, just a simple sentence"
Resolutely eliminate the US Ace Division
You must know that the 39th Army is the trump card of our army, and the soldiers under this are even more arrogant, and they all want to be the ace army of the US army.
At this time, Yunshan City was already surrounded, and the 346th Regiment of the main attack came up with a way to rush in and unite the central part of the city with the outside of the city, so that the enemy would definitely be disrupted. The regimental commander sent a company of sharp knives to rush into Yunshan City to open a road for their main force.
I have to say that our army is very wise, taking advantage of the nightfall, sharp
The warriors of the knife company walked towards Yunshan City in a neat battle formation. The U.S. military also thought it was a South Korean force, because it was not visible from the face that there was a great distinction.
When entering the city, the volunteers also smiled and shook hands with the American troops
All these actions lowered the defensiveness of the US army, and the sharp knife even walked into Yunshan City without any effort. Later, the history of the US military war also deliberately recorded this incident
"At that time, a company of soldiers approached solemnly and neatly along the main road, and the U.S. military thought it was a South Korean army, because they came very seriously and neatly, and the U.S. military didn't even inquire."
This is indeed a very magical operation.
After entering the city, the sharp knife company threw grenades into the headquarters of the US army, and the center of the city exploded. The main force of the 39th Army immediately rushed to Yunshan City from the periphery,
In the early hours of the morning, the US army was completely defeated
This time, Palmer no longer dared to be arrogant, and he really saw the strength of the Chinese army.
This time the volunteers defeated the opponent's 160-year undefeated ace army
Victory.
Captured 1st Division of American Cavalry
This was an unexpected victory, originally the 39th Army just wanted to deal with South Korea, but unexpectedly took the US army's ace cavalry division, which made Mr. Peng very excited. In this campaign,
For the first time, the Volunteers captured four opposing planes and destroyed the opposing tanks for the first time
Many tanks and cars, as well as artillery, were also captured.
Group photo of 1 squad of 4 companies, 2nd Battalion, 348th Regiment, 1st Division, 1st Regiment, 1st Regiment, 1st Regiment, 1st Regiment, 348th Division, captured 4 US aircraft in the Battle of Yunshan
The U.S. military was humiliated in this campaign, especially
The third battalion of their eighth regiment of cavalry was completely annihilated, and for the first time our army annihilated a company of American troops with a company
afterward
The United States revoked the battalion's designation
This is a shame that the U.S. military will remember for life.
The defeat at the Battle of Yunshan gradually woke up the arrogant Americans from their dreams, and they finally saw the strength of the Chinese volunteer army. This confrontation has also made all countries in the world see that the US military is not invincible, and the confidence of our army is doubled, and it is also the beginning of the nightmare of the US military.
You must know that at the beginning of the war, our army did not have air superiority, and it also lacked artillery and tanks.
Both at home and abroad are very unfavorable to us
。 This war also allowed us to find the weakness of the other side, no longer need to worry about the lack of aircraft and artillery to defeat the other side, the psychological pressure of the volunteer army eased a lot, but also laid the foundation for our later victory.
U.S. troops captured in the Battle of Unsan
The 39th Army was the first to force the U.S. army to surrender as an organization, reorganizing the black and white formations
In the first battle of the Korean War, the commander of the 38th Army mistakenly believed the intelligence of the Korean people, thinking that there was a black regiment of American troops in Heecheon, so he delayed the fighter and was scolded by Mr. Peng. The commander of the 38th Army has always been grumpy about this matter,
Unexpectedly, this black regiment was later encountered by the 39th Army
The black regiment of the US army is the 24th regiment of the US 25th Division, most of the members of which are black, it is said that there was this regiment during the American Civil War, and the battle was very brave.
They were the first to invade the city of Beijing when the Eight-Power Alliance invaded China
However, on the Korean battlefield, this regiment ran as long as it encountered the volunteers, and the other regiments of the US army looked down on them and sneered at them in all kinds. In fact, there are deep reasons for this, but the US military is not willing to say it.
The U.S. Army Black Regiment
At that time, racism was rampant in the United States, and it was normal to discriminate against black people. Especially when fighting,
Those dangerous tasks were given to the Negroes, but they were given little military merit
。 In the military, although it seems that the salary is the same, white people can be promoted at will, and no matter how great the black military achievements, it is impossible to achieve above the battalion commander.
With such unfair treatment, naturally this corps did not want to fight at all, and fled directly every time it encountered the enemy
When the Volunteers launched the second campaign, this black regiment encountered the 39th Army, which was soon divided and surrounded by the 39th Army. At such a dangerous time,
And their housekeeping skills are revealed,
run away
。 One of the companies was surrounded in a wood by the troops of the 39th Army, and tried to break through but could not rush out.
They tried to pretend to surrender and fight again, but they still didn't succeed
。 Unexpectedly, at this time, they saw life. The instructors who surrounded them at the time were called
Zhou Fengming
He understood the situation of blacks in america and wanted to persuade them.
There happens to be a regiment culture instructor Xie Essence with a high level of English
He first showed racial discrimination in the United States, and then he told us about the preferential treatment of prisoners by our army.
These words the negroes believe very much,
Because some time ago, the 39th Army released more than 100 American prisoners of war
It is estimated that they also publicized it after they went back. The negroes had read some newspaper reports, knew that we would give them food, drink, and treated them, so they decided to surrender.
A group photo of officers and men of the 3rd Company (Black Company) of the 24th Regiment of the 25th Division of the US Army after surrendering
They first disposed of the white officer of the company, and then the company commander walked out of the woods with a white paper with the surrender number written on it, and explained to the volunteers that the actions had just been forced by the white officer, and they decided to surrender and disposed of the white officer. The volunteers agreed to their surrender, and the other black soldiers walked out of the woods.
This company of 115 men of the 24th Regiment surrendered on the battlefield in formation
This was the first time that the volunteer army had been on the Korean battlefield, which showed that our army's political and ideological work ability was very strong. It can be said that this incident had a great impact on the senior leaders of the United States, and they disbanded the 24th Regiment after the end of the war.
The commander of the U.S. 25th Division also suggested that the traditions of the U.S. Military since the founding of the United States should be changed, and that blacks and whites be mixed in the future, and since then, there has never been a single black unit in the U.S. Army
。 It can be said that the war of the 39th Army has played a role in promoting the United States and eliminating racial discrimination to a certain extent.
The 39th Army was the first to conquer the capital and liberate Seoul
After several major battles by our army, the United Nations forces, led by American troops, were forced to retreat south of the 38th Parallel, but they still wanted to try to march again. The U.S. military built two lines of defense, in addition to which many mobile lines were set up, both in the area south of the 38th Line.
The main problem of our army at that time was that it did not consume the living forces of the other side.
The U.S. military's strong combat effective units actually suffered very few losses
。 Although it is said that our army has won successive victories, in the end, if we want to win the war, we must destroy the enemy's living forces.
Moreover, the volunteers must continue to push the front to the south, which is not a simple matter, and it should be known that the combat effectiveness of the American troops is also very strong, and their mobile units are very lethal.
After considering these factors in combination,
The volunteer army decided to use the strength of nine armies to carry out a counter-offensive, and must occupy seoul, the capital of South Korea, so that the enemy could not set up a solid defensive line near the 38th line, and only then could our army gain the initiative on the battlefield and win the initiative in negotiations.
The 39th Army intercepted a large number of MILITARY supplies such as US howitzers at the Han River
The third battle is coming soon, and everyone is preparing for this battle. The 39th Army continued south,
Their first obstacle was the Imjin River
, is one of the main rivers in North Korea.
At that time, North Korea was in a severe winter.
The average temperature is around minus 20 degrees
There was snow everywhere, but only part of the river was frozen, and it was very unfavorable for our army to cross the river.
At the time
The South Korean media has trumpeted that it is a copper wall
, is a place that the volunteer army cannot overcome. It was their most important line of defense, even MacArthur said
“
This is an important front for life, and no one can take a step back, otherwise there will be no place to die
At that time, the South Bank was garrisoned by South Korean troops, and they occupied the geographical conditions. The 39th Army assembled on the riverbank, and Wu Xinquan ordered the 116th Division to take the lead in breaking through, so that the follow-up troops could have a way forward. Although the Korean troops were not strong in combat in peacetime, the natural danger gave them some courage and tried to fight with our army.
Break through the Imjin River
Our army took advantage of the night to cross the river, and at dawn,
They found that the volunteers had reached the north shore
, and concentrated artillery fire for an onslaught. They sent a platoon of troops to rush over, and our 340 regiments opened fire when the enemy rushed to the front, killing most of the enemy, leaving only some who escaped.
No matter how much artillery fire the other side used, the position was always in the hands of our army, but in the process of crossing the river, our army also suffered heavy casualties. The correspondent hung up the lottery, and the commander kept at the telephone to maintain contact with other departments, even if the telephone line was interrupted, and had to brave the artillery fire to connect.
The Rokks launched large-scale offensives again and again, trying to blow up our positions, but the enemy could not move forward, and we held the position firmly.
The main forces of the 39th Army soon reached the north bank of the river and took control of the positions on the north bank.
However, it is still a big problem to cross the surface of the river that is 100 meters wide, but our army has brainstormed and come up with many ways to solve the difficulties. Under enemy fire,
Our army has also completed a huge earthwork industry, made trenches that can accommodate more than 3,000 people, and dug anti-artillery holes and equipment reserve rooms
It is difficult to imagine now that all the fortifications were carried out under artillery fire, when the U.S. Air Force conducted daily reconnaissance.
Even Ridgway himself would fly low-altitude patrols
At the end of the day, they did not realize that the volunteer army was building such a huge fortification, which showed that the covert work was very good at that time.
At 4:40 p.m. on December 31, 1950, on the north bank of the Linjin River,
Suddenly, five dazzling signal flares arose
Suddenly, the flames broke through the sky, and hundreds of artillery pieces smashed into the enemy's position. The enemy's fortifications were all blown away, and the positions were filled with black smoke.
After 50 minutes, three more green flares were fired in the sky, and the volunteer infantry attacked.
Our army directly attacked the depth of the enemy's position, rushed directly from the north bank of the river to the river surface, and disappeared into the smoke in an instant
Soon, our army landed on the south bank, the iron wall that the South Korean army thought it was brass was also dissolved, and the other units of the volunteer army soon broke through the opposing position.
Our army will attack further south and take Seoul in one fell swoop
April 16,
Two regiments of our army attacked Seoul from two directions and occupied their presidential palace
At the same time, the Korean People's Army also invaded Seoul.
Perhaps the US military could not have imagined that it took only three months for the Chinese volunteers to drive them to the 37th Line.
Volunteers and Korean people's officers and men met at the House of Parliament in Seoul
It can be said that the 39th Army has set a record of volunteers on the battlefield many times, won the brilliant record of seven firsts in the Korean battlefield, and is definitely worthy of the name of the First Army of the Korean Battlefield. The achievements of the 39th Army also represent the peak of the volunteer army, their merits will be greater with the precipitation of the years, those heroes and warriors will always be our loveliest people, and their spirit will never die.