The Qing Dynasty stipulated that all recreational activities should be stopped during the "national mourning". Mr. Hou Baolin, the master of cross-talk at that time, once said that "national mourning" was said. He said that during the "national mourning" can not sing, the actors who "eat the open mouth" have no food. This is no exaggeration, not only the loss of jobs for singing, but also the entertainment-related industries must not be good during the national mourning period.
During this period, the marriage of a girl is called "stealing marriage", that is, it is necessary to marry secretly. The safflower palanquin must be replaced by a blue tweed palanquin, the noisy gongs and drums become quiet steps, the happy and lively become cautious, the guests and friends from all over the world become sporadic relatives and friends, and the sumptuous wedding banquet becomes a common meal. Marriage is forbidden during the "national mourning" period, and those who cannot wait can only choose to sneak around. From the princes and nobles down to the people of Li, there is no particularity. However, for the distant places of Emperor Shangao, the effectiveness of the imperial court's ban was naturally greatly reduced. What was really painful was that the subjects at the feet of the Son of Heaven (the city of Beijing), whose every move was under their noses, did not dare to do anything to violate the ban.
Master Hou Baolin said crosstalk
As everyone knows, the most painful thing is those princes and nobles who are in high positions and usually enjoy privileges. In the face of national mourning, they will also have to follow the bad luck. Because the Qing Dynasty had an extremely harsh rule for the princes of the clan, that is, the so-called "state funeral to stop pregnancy", that is, the princes of the clan were not allowed to have children during the state funeral. This stipulation, which has no room for maneuver for the princes of the clan, must be strictly observed. However, the Qing Dynasty was too special compared to other dynasties. The princes of the Qing Dynasty who were divided into clans had titles and banners, but no vassals. They are not like the princes of the previous dynasty who reached a certain age and could go to the domain and go to the domain. Their mansion is in the inner city of Beijing, and they have to live in the inner city for generations, even forty miles out of the city, and they still need to report and get permission.
Therefore, the princes of the Qing Dynasty were at the feet of Tianzi, and the royal palace was generally not too far from the imperial city. Their every move is under scrutiny, and they must honestly abide by all the prohibitions during the "national mourning" period. The provisions on "national mourning and pregnancy" are even more careless. Whether intentionally or unintentionally violating this rule, the light will be stripped of the knighthood, and the heavy will be imprisoned.
The Imperial City inside the Great Qing Gate in front
However, strictly abiding by the provisions of "national mourning and pregnancy" is not easy for the princes of the clan. Among them, there are objective reasons and subjective reasons. First, the time of national mourning is very long, generally three years, the actual twenty-seven months, the first hundred days are "hot filial piety", the heavy filial piety in the heavy filial piety; second, the wives and concubines of the princes of the clan are generally many; the third is the age and body of the princes of the clan. Some of the princes of the clan are young and vigorous, and their health is good, which can be imagined. Fourth, there were no good contraceptives in ancient times. Therefore, it is too difficult for them to let the princes of the clan abide by the regulations of "national mourning and pregnancy". Perhaps only one of the princes of the clan is happy, and that is the one who is about to inherit the unification. Of course, even if he inherits the throne and becomes the next nine-five-year-old, he must still abide by the "death of the state and the end of pregnancy", and must also be more careful than others. Because, he wants to be an example and role model for others.
The young and vigorous Grandpa Baylor is zaixun
Although this provision has made many princes of the clan restrain somewhat, there are still some self-disciplines that are not enough. In the tenth day of March in the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), the Eastern Empress Dowager Ci'an died at zhong pu palace. The death of the empress dowager is naturally a "national mourning". There is no reason to say that during the "national mourning" period, the princes of the clan must strictly abide by that rule. However, during this "national mourning", a prince of the clan "violated the precepts". This prince later fell in power to the opposition, and what is even more remarkable is that a general of the auxiliary state was actually awarded the title of prince step by step through Garn, and what is even more surprising is that he later became one of the twelve iron hat kings of the Qing Dynasty. This person was Yi Li, the Prince of Qing, who later rode the official field and sold the official title.
Prince Qing
We have to admit that Yi Li climbed to the position of the Iron Hat King through Enfeng and was the lowest-ranking clan member. Among the twelve Iron Hat Kings, the first eight Iron Hat Kings are all meritorious titles, and the last four are Enfeng. Among the four Iron Hat Kings of Enfeng, Yi Li had the worst foundation. Prince Yunxiang of Yi was given the title of King of the Iron Hat, the younger brother of Yongzheng, the uncle of Qianlong, and Prince Gong was named the King of the Iron Hat, who was already a prince in the will of his father, Emperor Daoguang, and prince Yizhen of Alcohol, who was the younger brother of the Xianfeng Emperor, not only Cixi's younger uncle but also Cixi's brother-in-law. Yi Li was only the grandson of Yong Xuan, the seventeenth son of the Qianlong Emperor. Although it was a near branch sect, it was no longer a close sect branch, and it was only a general of the auxiliary country at the beginning, which was far worse than the others. But in the end, it was not easy for Yi Li to become one of the Iron Hat Kings. This is due to his caution in the official arena and his keen sense of smell in the bureaucracy.
Prince Yizhen of Alcohol
However, unexpectedly, Yi Li, who had always been cautious, made a big mistake that she should not have made during empress dowager Ci'an's state funeral. Yi Li, who was still Baylor at the time, actually made his side Fujin pregnant. When he learned that his Fu Jin was pregnant, Yi Xi was terrified. Because, once it is played, the consequences are unimaginable. At the slightest, he was stripped of his knighthood, and he was swept to the end and became an idle clan room, holding three or two silvers every month to support his family, and at worst, he not only could not even be an idle clan room, but he might also go to prison. After thinking about it, Yi Li closed his eyes, crossed his heart, and bit his teeth, causing the pregnant side Fujin to fall. However, at that time, there was no good method of falling the tire, and I was afraid of letting people outside know, so I had to use folk remedies. Yi Xi ordered the person to prepare a green-headed fly soup for the pregnant side Fujin to drink. Unexpectedly, after Side Fujin drank it, he vomited incessantly. In the end, the fetus fell, but the person was also seriously ill, fortunately saved his life.
Prince Qing's side Fujin
Later, in the Republic of China, the matter was spread by the servants of Prince Qing's family. In fact, we can imagine that in this national funeral, not only the Yi Family encountered this incident, but also among other clan princes. It could be that they're doing too well with secrecy, or we don't pay much attention to that aspect. In short, during each state funeral, there must be a lot of Gege and Brothers who have to be forced out of this world before they are born. They came at the wrong time, encountered a terrifying state funeral, and of course their parents also had an unshirkable responsibility.
Yi Li official costume statue
In fact, during the national mourning period, there are also risks of giving birth to children. The Fujin or lady of these princes of the clan was generally pregnant before the national funeral, but before the child gave birth, they encountered a bad state funeral. No one would have expected to suddenly encounter a national funeral during pregnancy, but when they encountered it, they could only consider themselves unlucky. Some Of Fu Jin and his wife were just pregnant when they encountered a national mourning. Even if he does not want to fall, he has no right to speak, and all decisions are in the hands of his husband. Of course, the husband considers many aspects and will eventually choose to let his wife fall.
Some of the princes of the clan have almost given birth or their wives, and suddenly encounter a national mourning, and they have no choice but to let their children come to this world. However, when the child arrives, it violates the "state funeral and pregnancy" rule, because it emphasizes that the patriarchal princes are not allowed to have children during the state funeral. Since such children have been born, no one can bear to let them leave this world when they fall to the ground. So what to do? At this time, the patriarchal prince will be forced to secretly send this child away, and then find a family to help raise it. The child had to leave his own biological parents and family of origin.
Zaifeng with children
In 1898, it was quite uneventful for the Qing government at that time. In September, Empress Dowager Cixi ordered the arrest of the Restoration and Reform Law and other volunteers, but no interrogation had yet been carried out, and a few days later, the six gentlemen of Wushu died at Caishikou outside Xuanwu Gate. Because the historical impact of this matter is too great, posterity pays considerable attention to this matter. As everyone knows, four months ago, that is, in May, Prince Gong, the iron hat that had bowed to the Qing Dynasty, died. As we all know, Prince Gong's life is quite legendary. Emperor Daoguang, the emperor of Daoguang, had made it difficult to choose between the fourth brother (later The Xianfeng Emperor) or the sixth brother (Prince Gong), and who would inherit the throne in the future. Due to the early death of Daoguang's first three sons, the fourth brother at that time became the eldest, and at the same time, the fourth brother (later the Xianfeng Emperor) was still born to the empress, and naturally had the qualification to inherit the unification.
The fourth brother also has his own shortcomings, one is that the body has a disability, the legs and feet are not conducive to the rope, although it is not obvious, but it is also different from normal people. Second, the character is cowardly, the ability is not good, the work is hesitant, in short, there is no domineering and boldness of the emperor. Although the sixth brother (later Prince Gong) did not have an advantage in identity and age, he was much stronger than the fourth brother in terms of body and ability. Therefore, this made the daoguang emperor in his later years hesitate in choosing who would inherit the unification. Of course, as a result, we already know that the Daoguang Emperor finally chose the four brothers. However, the Daoguang Emperor was also unusual, and in his will and testament, he not only designated the fourth brother as the crown prince but also made the sixth brother the prince. This is the only case in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
Prince Gong's official dress
From 1850, when his fourth brother Xianfeng ascended the throne to 1898, when three emperors were replaced, to his sister-in-law Cixi, who took power, Prince Gong bowed down for forty-eight years. In 1898, Prince Gong died, and the whole country was shaken, because the merit was too high, and the imperial court was specifically a national mourner. This was another test for the princes of the clan at that time. However, what people never expected was that this time Prince Gong's death also affected his family.
At that time, Prince Gong's second son Zaiying's side Fujin happened to be pregnant. He was also the third grandson of Prince Gong. Prince Gong had four sons, the third and fourth sons died prematurely, and the eldest son was 28 years old and died without heirs. In the end, Prince Gong was left with only his second son Zaiying. Although Zai Ying's ability is not good, he is very competitive in breeding heirs. Zaiying's eldest son Pu wei was born and passed on to Changfang, which became the eldest grandson of Prince Gong, and later inherited the title of Prince Gong, which is often referred to by posterity as "King Xiaogong". Zai Ying's second son, the second grandson of Prince Gong, later became more famous, he was the great painter Pu Ru who was called "Southern Zhang Bei Pu" with Zhang Daqian. Prince Gong saw these two grandsons in his lifetime, but the third grandson did not have the opportunity to meet him. Shortly after his death, his second son Zaiying's side Fujin gave birth to his third grandson, Puyou. I didn't expect his death, but it delayed the life of this grandson.
The eldest grandson Puwei
Because it was both during the national mourning period and during his father's filial piety, Zaiying faced the double pressure and had to let the child leave himself and his wife and leave the Gong Palace. Eventually, the child was given to an old lady from the Distant Branch Tora to raise. Although Prince Gong would receive help from time to time, Puyou lost control from an early age, lost the opportunity to receive a good education, and eventually fell throughout his life. Because Puyou was born during his grandfather's funeral, he was not eligible to enter the Royal Jade (Family Tree). This also made Puyou a "black household" in the Gong King's Mansion. Later, the scholar Mr. Shan Shiyuan did not have the name of Puyou in the genealogical table of Prince Gong attached to the "Examination of the History of prince Gong's palace". Of course, he wrote it based on the original royal "Jade Tablets".
Mr. Shan Shiyuan
After Pu You gave birth to a child, he took his whole family back to King Gong's mansion to live with his brothers for a while. Because the separation between brothers is too long, there is no brotherhood to speak of. The treatment of Pu You's family in Prince Gong's mansion was even less high than that of the other brothers. Others have special cooks to cook, and Puyou's whole family has to do it themselves, and even in terms of title, it is lower than others. Of course, in terms of blood, Puyou is a veritable grandson of Prince Gong, but because he was born and met with national mourning, the funeral period of his grandfather also changed Puyou's life. He is not like the second brother Pu Ru and the fourth brother Pu Wei were well educated from an early age, and they both became painters, and it is more difficult to inherit the title compared with the eldest brother Pu Wei. Later, Puyou could only live a lifetime in a muddy state.