<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > preface</h1>
Question: There are many preserved Song words, what are the earliest surviving Song words?
The earliest Song words, it is difficult to define, the early lyricists spanned the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms and the Northern Song Dynasty, they filled in the words before entering the Song, and there were also works after entering the Song, how can you define which one is the earliest lyricist?
We can take a look at these writers at the time of the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as their works. The works of these people are barely early Song ci.
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The Northern Song Dynasty was founded in 960, when Li Yu (937-978) was 23 years old. In the second year of the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty (961), the 24-year-old Li Yu succeeded to the throne, so his works can be regarded as early Song words.
Li Yu's works were divided into two styles before and after the kingdom. The early style of words was like this,
For example, "Picking Mulberries":
In front of the pavilion, the spring is red and heroic, the dance is wandering, the drizzle is faint, and it is temporarily opened when the eyebrows are not released.
The green window is calm and the sound is broken, the incense is printed into ash, and the feelings of Kana are hazy, and the desire to sleep is hazy.
Another example is "Xie Xin'en":
The cherry blossoms fall to the front of the moon, like a bed and a lavender cage. Far like last year today, hate is still the same.
His beard was untidy and gaunt, and his tears stained his chest red. Where lovesickness is bitter, the screen window is drunk in dreams.
After the fall of the country, Li Yu was escorted to the north, and when crossing the Yangtze River, he composed the poem "Crossing the Middle River and Looking at the Stone City and Weeping":
Jiangnan Jiangbei old hometown, a dream for thirty years.
The Wuyuan Palace is now deserted, and the Guangling Tai Hall is desolate.
The cloud cage is far away, and the rain returns to the boat with tears.
The four brothers had three hundred mouths, and they could not sit idle and think about it.
After the northern crossing, Li Yu's words had more and more feelings of home and country, so Wang Guowei's evaluation of Li Yu was extremely high:
The word to Li Hou Lord and the vision began to be large, the feelings were deep, and the words of the craftsman became the words of the scholar. "This Word on Earth"
For example, "Meet and Greet. Lin Hua thanked Chun Hong":
Lin Hua thanked Chun Hong, too hurried. Helpless to come cold rain late wind.
Rouge tears, stay drunk, when heavy. Since people grow up to hate water and grow east.
Another example is "Yu Meiren":
When is the Spring Flower autumn moon? How much do you know about the past. Xiao Lou had another east wind last night, and the homeland could not look back at the middle of the moon.
The carved fence jade should still be there, but Zhu Yan changed. How much sorrow can you have? It is like a river of spring water flowing eastward.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="29" >2, Min Xu Changtu</h1>
Xu Changtu lived around 965 AD, and the exact year of birth and death is unknown.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, in today's Fujian region, there was a Minguo. After 907, after the Liang Dynasty Tang Dynasty, the Liang Dynasty reopened the imperial examination, and the first title was Xu Changtu's great-grandfather Xu Yin, who after Xu Yin offended Liang Taizu Zhu Wen, Dong Gui was attached to the Min King.
Xu Changtu entered the career path in the Ming Dynasty of the Min Dynasty.
The state of Min was destroyed in 945 by troops sent by Li Jing of the Southern Tang Dynasty. However, in 946, the old general of the State of Min left to drive out the Southern Tang garrisons in Quan and Zhang'er Prefectures and occupied the area, but still submitted to the Southern Tang.
After the Northern Song Dynasty destroyed the Southern Han Dynasty and the Southern Tang Dynasty (975), Chen Hongjin (who succeeded Liu Congxiao) who divided Quan and Zhang'er Prefectures knew that he was powerless to resist, so he sent emissaries to pay tribute to the Song Dynasty with the Na Di Surface.
This emissary was Xu Changtu, who was admired by Song Taizu after he went to Beijing, so he stayed behind and was appointed as Dr. Guozi and moved to the temple.
Xu Changtu likes to compose lyrics and opens up the northern Song Dynasty. Unfortunately, only a few words were left, among which "Linjiang Immortal" Yun:
Drinking scattered away from the pavilion to the west, floating life often hates floating puffs. The smoke willows gradually became heavier. The light clouds are lonely and distant, and the cold sun is red at dusk.
Where is the painting ship tonight? The tide is flat and the moon is hazy. The wine awakens people and is sad. The lamp is lonely and sleepy dreams, and the light waves are five more windy.
There is also "Magnolia":
Heavy sandalwood smoke raised a red mist, and an arrow frost blew the embroidery household. Han Palace flower face to learn plum makeup, Xie Nü Xueshi planted willow silk.
Long hanging curtain lonely dance, swirling silver sheng double phoenix language. Red window wine disease chewing cold ice, ice damage acacia no dream place.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="58" >3, Nanping Sun Guangxian</h1>
Nanping is also one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, with its capital in Jingzhou, Hubei. In the first year of the Song Dynasty (963), the lord of the State of Nanping surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty, and a minister named Sun Guangxian of Nanping played an important role.
Sun Guangxian is a native of Sichuan and lived in Former Shu before the age of 30. In 925 (the third year of Tongguang), Wang Yan surrendered to Tang and Former Shu perished. During the Later Tang Dynasty ( around 926 ) , Sun Guangxian took refuge in Jiangling ( present-day Jingzhou , Hubei ) , and Liang Zhen recommended him to serve as secretary of the Wuxin King of the State of Nanping.
After Liang Zhen retired, the King of Nanping entrusted all political affairs to Sun Guangxian.
As a vassal of Nanping, Sun Guangxian (901-968) shi Nanping III. After five generations, Sun Guangxian saw that Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty, had great talent and was a true son of heaven who could unify the world, so he persuaded the lord of Nanping to surrender to the Song Dynasty.
But most people know Sun Guangxian not because of his official title, but because of his other identity: the Huajian sect poet.
In 925, Former Shu was destroyed by Later Tang, and a mutiny occurred shortly after Later Tang, and Guo Chongtao, the lord of Pingshu, was killed in this incident. So Meng Zhixiang established the state in Chengdu and became emperor, and the history was called Hou Shu. A peaceful peace that has been maintained for more than 30 years.
During this period, the Later Shu zhao Chongzuo compiled a collection of words called "Huajian Collection", most of which were written by Shu people, and although Sun Guangxian never returned to Shudi, his works were still included.
His representative works such as the Bodhisattva Man:
The flowers in the small courtyard are not swept away, and the fragrance is full of east wind and old age. The Spring Festival Gala letter is heavy, where to find the end of the world.
Xiaotang screen six fans, eyebrows are far away from Xiangshan Mountain. Don't be centrifugal, especially lately.
And "Linjiang Immortal":
Frost beats the dry leaves of the well, and the green statue is cold at the beginning. Thin lead residue is called corolla. Speechless, yan lingered on the dry.
Where is the Chakra? Don't hate a thousand things. The mood is overwhelming. The mirror is long hidden, and has no intention of being a lone bird.
According to the Biography of Sun Guangxian of the Song Dynasty:
Murong Yanzhao and others saved the rebellion of Langzhou, falsely passed jingnan, followed by Chong Kaimen Na Yanzhao, and Guangxian was persuaded to follow Chong to sacrifice the land of the three states. Taizu was very pleased with this, and gave Guangxian Huangzhou the History of Thorns, and gave him a gift. There are also voices in the county. Qiande six years, died. When the prime minister recommended Guangxian as a bachelor, he was not summoned and died.
The sixth year of Qiande (968), that is, the sixth year of the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="38" > concluding remarks</h1>
Li Yu, Xu Changtu, Sun Guangxian, Ouyang Jiong and others lived before and after the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, and all held official positions in the Northern Song Dynasty. However, in addition to Li Yu's style changing greatly and is easy to distinguish, it is difficult to see whether other people's lyrics were written before or after the Song Dynasty.
If you say that the early Song Ci, the works of these lyricists, should be counted as a part of it.
@Old Street Taste
Old Street Taste Original Poetry, Guan Song Filler Complete Collection, Part II 101-200