Unpaid blood donation is an act of benevolence, but some people may ask, "Why is blood donation unpaid, but in the end it becomes paid blood?" "Does unpaid blood donation affect health?" "Is it safe to donate blood?" "How is blood tested, stored and transported to the hospital after it has come out of the donor's body?" ……
On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of World Blood Donor Day, the reporter walked into the blood station in Qinzhou center to learn about unpaid blood donation, and felt the whole process of blood collection, preparation, testing, storage and distribution from zero distance.
Visit: Phlebotomy Room/Quality Control Unit
Build a strong blood safety line The safety of unpaid blood donation is guaranteed
On May 28, in the blood collection room of the blood station in the city center, volunteers who came to donate blood were lying leisurely next to the blood collection equipment watching TV, and the catheter on their arms was slowly flowing red blood, and the instrument made a buzzing sound. Zhang Feiyan, head of the blood collection department, said that they were collecting platelets. Platelets have the function of hemostasis and can be used for trauma, massive bleeding, etc. "Whether it's whole blood collection or machine platelet collection, we use disposable needles and blood bags." Zhang Feiyan said.
The staff of the quality control department inspects the blood bags sampled
As the source of life, blood plays a pivotal role in medical treatment, and safe and reliable blood is essential for the health and safety of blood donors and recipients. The reporter walked into the quality management department of the blood station in the city center, and Zhou Lu, the section chief, and his colleagues were carefully inspecting the sampling blood bags together, and according to the requirements of the standard, they checked the appearance of the blood bag body, the product identification of the blood bag, the tightness of the blood bag, the label of the blood bag, and the capacity of the blood bag preservation solution.
Blood donors collect platelets at a blood donation machine in the city center
"Our blood station conducts quality sampling inspections on key raw and auxiliary materials and blood testing reagents such as blood collection bags, machine collection consumables, and disinfection products used in the blood collection and supply process, and regularly conducts air sampling and monitoring of blood collection, component preparation, and blood storage spaces to ensure that the environmental hygiene of the blood collection and supply process meets the standard requirements." Zhou Lu told reporters, "From the beginning of the collection of a bag of blood to the input into the patient's body, the information of all links in the whole process can be traced. The high standards are required to ensure that the recipients have access to safe and effective blood products. "In the blood collection room, unpaid blood donation volunteers came from all over the place one after another, and under the guidance of medical staff, the process of filling out forms, preliminary screening, physical examination, and blood collection was carried out in an orderly manner. On the wall on the side, the messages of the unpaid blood donation volunteers were moving: "Donate blood, let the heart of gratitude be forever!" "Donating blood escorts life and saves people", "Donating healthy blood gives the best gift to life"......
The demeanor of blood donors in the blood collection room
"Blood can save other people's lives, and I have donated blood 15 times since 2017, hoping that my efforts will bring hope to those in need. I am also very grateful to the staff at the blood bank because they have made me have no worries about the safety of blood donation. Pan Yan, a volunteer who donated blood for free, said.
Observation: Component Blood Supply/Laboratory Unit
Build a blood "processing plant" to achieve multi-purpose blood
Following the footsteps of the staff, the reporter successively came to two important departments that must be passed after the blood is collected from the unpaid blood donors: the component blood supply department/laboratory department. During the interview, the reporter noticed that in order to make the blood use to the patients as soon as possible, the work of the two departments is often carried out simultaneously.
Component blood supply staff weigh the blood
In the Department of Component Blood Supply, the collected whole blood is separated into different components such as plasma, red blood cells, and platelets to meet the needs of different patients in clinical practice. "After we receive the whole blood, we will filter the white blood cells in the blood through the filtration device, commonly known as 'filtering white', and then, through the centrifuge, the whole blood after the removal of white blood cells is centrifuged and separated from the plasma, and the product label is pasted, and after the preparation is completed, the red blood cells are put into the 2-6 °C medical refrigerator for preservation, and the plasma is quick-frozen, frozen and preserved, and the prepared blood is put into the waiting library for the release of the test results. After the test results come out, the unqualified blood will be scrapped with unqualified labels, and the qualified blood will be labeled and packaged, and then it will be put into the finished product bank, which is our blood bank, and will wait for the appointment of the clinical institution and distribute it to the clinical institution. Ye Qingmei, head of the component blood supply department, introduced, "In clinical practice, some patients need to be transfused with red blood cells, and some need to be transfused with plasma, so the component blood supply department is also known as the blood 'processing factory' to maximize the use of blood." ”
The laboratory staff centrifuges the blood sample
At the same time, the reporter learned that blood samples of the same origin as each bag of blood will also be sent to the laboratory department at the same time. "Citizens who have donated blood know that before donating blood, they must go through a preliminary screening, and only those who pass the initial screening can donate blood. After donation, the sample must be cold-chained back to the blood bank for a series of more sophisticated tests. Yuan Xiaoying, the head of the laboratory department, pointed to the inspection equipment and introduced.
The staff checks the condition of the raw materials and fresh frozen plasma after they are placed in the preparation instrument
It is reported that in the laboratory, blood samples are subject to two enzyme immunization tests and one nucleic acid test. According to reports, the two-pass enzyme immunization test requires the use of reagents from two different manufacturers and two different groups of testers to test blood samples for blood group, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, HIV, and alanine aminotransferase. In addition, nucleic acid tests for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV are also required. Only after all three tests can the blood be used for clinical use. If any of these indicators are unqualified, the bag of blood will be judged to be a non-conforming product.
The staff of the component blood supply department puts the blood into the centrifuge and centrifuges
"The blood prepared in the preparation room of the component blood supply department will be put into the waiting library for 'standby', and after passing a series of rigorous tests by the laboratory department, the qualified blood can be 'released' and transported to major hospitals." Wei Lilian told reporters, "The whole testing process takes about three days, which is why we can't directly donate blood and use blood at the same time, and this is also the guarantee of the safety of every patient's blood." ”
Learn: Finished Product Bank/Blood Donation Service Section
Clarify the new policy of unpaid blood donation and gather the positive energy of blood and blood
In the finished product warehouse of the blood station in the city center, bags of blood products packaged with labels are neatly arranged, quietly waiting for their glorious mission to bring hope to patients. In the blood donation service department, the reporter learned that in 2023, there will be 38,729 unpaid blood donations in our city, and the amount of unpaid blood donations will be 14,108.2 liters, an increase of 3.96% and 4.20% respectively over last year. The clinical blood supply reached 142956.5U. There was not a single case of menstrual blood infection. In 2023, the total number of blood refunds will be 1,013 people, with a return amount of 584102 yuan, of which 1,004 blood donors will be directly reported with a return amount of 578569 yuan, and 9 blood donors will be reimbursed for blood use in other places, with a compensation return amount of 5,533 yuan. The direct reporting rate accounted for 99.11% of the total number of blood donors reimbursed. Why is blood donation free and blood used for payment? In response to the doubts raised by the reporter, the staff of the blood station said that the payment for blood is not the price of blood, but a series of basic costs consumed by patients in the process of using blood. For example, the cost of labor and materials and equipment for blood collection, preparation and preservation, as well as the cost of testing blood for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis and transaminases.
The staff of the finished product warehouse picks up fresh frozen plasma and prepares it for delivery
At present, the blood inventory continues to decline, and the problem of difficulty in using blood is becoming increasingly prominent, which has aroused widespread concern. Many patients and their families who urgently need blood are facing the dilemma of blood shortage at the critical moment of their lives because of the non-mutual recognition of blood donation certificates in different places and the inability to reimburse blood expenses across provinces. What is the reason for the difficulty of using blood in other places and reimbursement? First, blood donation data and information have not been networked across provinces or cities, that is, information sharing has not been realized. Second, the tight balance between blood supply and demand or seasonal ischemia has led some places to prioritize local donors and neglect non-local donors. Third, the standards for return, reimbursement and exemption vary from place to place, which increases the obstacles to reimbursement and reduction of inter-provincial blood use. In the face of the problem of difficulty in using blood, the city has launched relevant preferential policies. Blood donors, their spouses, and immediate family members who participate in unpaid blood donation within the administrative area of Qinzhou City are exempted from paying fees for blood collection, storage, separation, and testing, and can use blood and return blood costs in accordance with regulations, so that citizens who donate blood can enjoy preferential treatment, and call on more people to participate in unpaid blood donation activities. "Blood donation can not only reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, reduce blood viscosity, but also improve the body's immunity." Liu Xingyu, a volunteer for unpaid blood donation, told reporters, "What is donated is blood, and what is saved is life." Seeing that the blood flowing in my body can save the lives of others, I feel that I am realizing my own value in life. More and more people want to join in blood donation, donating blood to continue hope for life. ”
Source丨Financial Media Reporter Lu Yan Chen Jingyu (Intern) Jiang Quanmei (Intern) Editor丨Huang Yukun Deng Yun (Intern) Proofreader丨Yan Xing Review丨Luo Libin (Qinzhou Released and Produced Unauthorized Reprint)
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