Today in Sasha's history.
Author: Sasha
This article was originally written by Sasha and is not allowed to be reproduced by any media
How fat is Yang Guifei? How thin is Zhao Feiyan? July 15, 756: Malaiyi Rebellion: Tang mutinous soldiers killed Yang Guozhong and forced Tang Xuanzong to give Yang Guifei to hang herself.
Everyone has heard of Huan Fat Yan Thin.
For Zhao Feiyan's thinness, there are clear records in history.
Dancer Zhao Feiyan created her own palm dance, also known as palm dance, which is dancing in the palm of a dance partner's hand.
Today there is an acrobatic technique in the mainland called "shoulder ballet", in which female dancers dance on the shoulders of male dancers.
Everyone watched it pleasantly, but they didn't know that the dancers or acrobats were in their fifties, and they were husband and wife.
Normally, acrobats can no longer perform at this age because of the decline in physical strength and physical flexibility.
So why is this pair of "old" actors still active on stage?
It's really too difficult for this "shoulder ballet".
The TV station once interviewed the male dancer Wei Baohua and asked how difficult is the practice of "ballet on the shoulder"? He smiled wryly and took off his clothes, and everyone immediately saw that there were bruises all over his body.
Even the shoulders and backs that ordinary people think have the best endurance must be padded with multiple layers of plywood to ensure that Wei Baohua will not be injured and that the female dancer Wu Zhengdan can stand.
Even so, once Wu Zhengdan accidentally stepped on her husband's collarbone, it could lead to fractures, and stepping on the trapezius and deltoid muscles could lead to serious muscle injuries.
Even after practicing acrobatics all his life and perfecting his skills, Wu Zhengdan needs to strictly control his weight below 90 pounds in order to protect his husband.
Wu Zhengdan once said: How to maintain a good physical condition and performance state? Hard! I need to keep my weight under 90 pounds. As long as I am a little heavier, Mr. Wei will not be able to lift me, and we may not be able to complete those difficult movements. Especially the technical movements on my shoulders and head, as soon as I press there, if I get a little fat, it's like a sandbag tied to my body, it's very heavy, very tired, and I can't take a step under my feet, and that feeling is very subtle.
Wu Zhengdan sighed again: weight involves the safety of movements. Because of the age limit, our ability will also decline, so how to complete the action well, we must control ourselves, control ourselves, and strengthen training, so that it is possible to continue our artistic life.
Speaking of which, in addition to practice, Wu Zhengdan needs to control his weight below 90 pounds.
And Wu Zhengdan is not a short woman, her height is 1.69 meters, and it is not easy to maintain her weight at more than 80 pounds all year round.
There's so much on it, what does Sasha have to say?
If Ms. Wu Zhengdan can only dance ballet on the shoulder with more than 80 pounds, then Sister Zhao Feiyan will only weigh sixty or seventy pounds if she wants to dance in the palm of her hand.
And Zhao Feiyan can become a top dancer and a queen, and her height cannot be too low, and it is conservatively estimated that she is about 1.6 meters.
A woman with a height of 1.6 meters is only sixty or seventy pounds, and she is obviously seriously underweight.
is a well-known Internet celebrity Feng Timo, and her public weight is 77 pounds. However, Feng Timo's sister is only 1.5 meters tall, which is less than this height.
In comparison, it can be seen how thin Zhao Feiyan is.
Therefore, the ring fat swallow is thin, but it is really thin.
So, how fat is Yang Yuhuan?
There are many theories in history, and Sasha prefers to believe in this one: Yang Yuhuan is 164 centimeters tall, weighs 69 kilograms, and weighs 138 kilograms.
According to today's standards, a young woman is 1.64 meters tall and should weigh 56 to 57 kilograms, which is more than 112 to 114 kilograms.
Yang Yuhuan weighs 26 pounds above the standard, he must be relatively fat, but he is not very obese.
So the question is, why is the chubby Yang Yuhuan still favored by Tang Xuanzong?
In fact, most of the ancient Chinese liked fat women and did not like very thin women.
There is an old movie called "Wrangler", in which Niu Ben plays a kind-hearted herdsman who finds a mother-in-law for a Sichuan girl who escapes the famine played by Cong Shan.
Strangely, in our opinion, the girl played by Cong Shan is quite beautiful, and it seems that it is not difficult to find a man.
Unexpectedly, Niu Ben found a lot of homes without success, and in the end he could only be introduced to the hat-taking rightist played by Zhu Shimao, who was at the bottom of society back then.
Why?
It's very simple, it is very clear in the movie that these families dislike Cong Shan for being too thin and have no flesh on her body.
In fact, this concept has been true since ancient times.
In the novel "Dream of Red Mansions", few people will appreciate Lin Daiyu's thin beauty, but will think that it is a pathology.
On the contrary, everyone prefers the plump Xue Baochai, and even Jia Baoyu has a certain amount of admiration and likes Baochai's plump skin.
The book says: But Qiaobao Baochai had a string on her left wrist, and when she saw Baoyu asking her, she had to fade away. Baochai is born with plump skin, which is easy to fade. Baoyu looked at the snow-white arm from the side, and unconsciously moved her envy, and secretly thought, "This arm will grow on Sister Lin's body, or you have to touch it, and it will grow on her." It is the hatred that is not blessed to touch, suddenly remembered the "gold and jade" thing, and then look at the description of Baochai, only to see the face like a silver basin, the eyes like apricots, the lips are not dotted and red, the eyebrows are not painted and green, than Daiyu has another kind of charming and charming, unconsciously, Baochai faded the string to hand it to him and forgot to take it. Baochai was stunned when he saw him, he was embarrassed, dropped the skewer, turned around and was about to leave, only to see Daiyu kicking on the threshold, biting the handkerchief and laughing.
In most dynasties in ancient China, nobles and folks mostly liked plump and slightly chubby women.
Among the Han Dynasty portraits and terracotta figurines found by archaeology, except for a few professional dancers, most of the noble women and even palace maids are in good shape.
For example, the maid in the Nanyang Han Painting Museum is not just slightly fat, but obese.
The owner of the No. 2 Han Tomb of Henan Xinmi Da Tiger Pavilion is Mrs. Zhang De, the Taishou of Hongnong County, and there is a picture of a banquet in the mural. Among them, not only Mrs. Zhang De was plump, but most of the officials and female relatives who came to the banquet were chubby.
In short, women in the Han Dynasty were not thin for beauty.
When it arrived, there were certain changes in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, although the people still liked fatter women, but the aristocratic lords began a sick weight loss career.
For example, Shi Chong, a wealthy man in the Jin Dynasty, crushed agarwood into powder and sprinkled it on the bed, and let the concubines at home walk on it. If there are no traces on the bed, the pearl will be given, and if there are traces, it will be made to lose weight. ”
Not only aristocratic women should be thin, but men should not be obese and should do everything possible to lose weight.
Wang Rong is one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest", who went on a hunger strike to lose weight after becoming fat, but suddenly died.
It should be noted that the scholars and the aristocracy admired thinness and were limited to the territory of the Han people in the Southern Dynasties.
In the areas ruled by the Hu people in the Northern Dynasty, they still only like fat women.
At that time, there was war in the north, and Hu soldiers went around plundering women. These Hu people tend to choose women with plump bodies, believing that they are in good health, have vigorous fertility and a labor force. A thin girl like Lin Daiyu would be considered weak or sickly, and the Hu soldiers would directly hack them to death without taking them away.
In the Sui and Tang dynasties, there were a large number of Xianbei nobles in the court, and naturally retained some of the aesthetics of the Hu people. By the mid-to-late Tang Dynasty, aristocratic women were completely fat for their beauty.
Everyone should pay attention to the fact that the fat here is on the high side, not obese, and it has not reached the point of liking Jia Ling back then.
At the same time, it's not that if you're fat, someone likes you, but you also want a woman to be fat and have some looks.
As for the fat beauties, there are many troubles, such as Wang Renyu's "The Remains of Kaiyuan Tianbao" by Wang Renyu of the Fifth Dynasty, it is said that Yang Yuhuan is "known to have a physical body, and it is bitter and hot in summer" because of his fatness.
Translated, Yang Yuhuan is relatively fat, he will feel very hot in summer, and he is easy to sweat, and it is useless to fan desperately.
Although Yang Yuhuan is fat, he has perfect facial features and skin, especially a very fair complexion.
Bai Juyi's "Song of Long Hatred" praised Yang Yuhuan: "The spring cold gives a bath in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water is slippery and creamy." ”
The so-called clotted fat is frozen oil, smooth and white, just like white jade, describing Yang Yuhuan as having excellent skin.
After the Song Dynasty, etiquette prevailed, and women's obesity was often associated with implicit lewdness. As long as the adulteresses in the novel are young women and not girls, they are almost all plump.
With the prevalence of foot binding, women's mobility has been greatly affected, and their bodies are getting worse and worse, and it is naturally difficult to become obese.
As a result, the aristocratic class of the Song Dynasty began to advocate thin women who were weak and could not help themselves.
Xin Qiji's poem: "The pale yellow bow-like shoes are small, and the waist is only afraid of the wind blowing down." ”
Subsequently, the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties were generally like this, but only limited to the upper class. The middle class and the low-level people of these dynasties still like fat girls.
Why?
In ancient China, the common people ate very little meat!
Some of the plots of the novel "The Outer History of Confucianism" are very interesting, recording countless large and small banquets.
The so-called celebrities and gentlemen usually advertise high wind and bright festivals, but they are very interested in eating, and they will basically participate in wine banquets.
Why? Even in the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was still not easy for ordinary people to eat meat.
The low-level civilians can't eat any meat at all, so they can only eat a vegetarian diet all year round.
Fan Jin won Xiucai, which was a big deal in the countryside, and his father-in-law, Hu Butcher, only brought a pair of pig intestines and a bottle of wine to celebrate.
During the banquet, Butcher Hu also said that the three members of the Fan family, including his daughter, have been eating side dishes and rice for decades, and they have never touched the lard a few times.
What is side dish rice called? It's rice with some simple vegetables, and today it's a diet meal.
Why? Can't afford meat.
At the beginning of the book, Zhou Jin was hired by Xue Jiaji, Wenshang County, Yanzhou Prefecture, Shandong Province, as a private school teacher. Zhou Jin is a native of the city, and Shandong people attach importance to education and respect teachers, so the parents of children in the countryside held a very beautiful reception banquet.
Rural families who can afford to hire private school teachers are at least rich peasants or small landowners, and their economic conditions are good.
So, this reception banquet is the highest grade wine banquet in the countryside, let's see what it is: then there are eight or nine bowls on each table, which are pig's head meat, rooster, carp, belly, lungs, liver, intestines, and the like. Shout, "Please!" "They all raised the chopsticks, but they were half gone early. When I looked at Mr. Zhou, I didn't get off a single basket.
This passage is vividly written.
The so-called top wine banquet in the countryside, the serious meat is just three dishes: pig's head, rooster, and carp. As we all know, pig's head meat is a relatively poor meat, and like carp, it was considered by the ancients to be a "hair thing", and eating it is not good for the body, so the meat price is low.
The only dish on the table is probably the rooster, and the other pig offal are also unelegant meat dishes.
Even at this kind of feast, the crowd ate it like a hungry wolf.
Although they are relatively well-to-do farming families, they usually rarely eat meat at home, so they will behave like this.
This is true for ordinary villagers, but what about people with some statuses?
There is a Mr. Ma Er in the book, who is a serious selector, similar to today's graduate school entrance examination tutor, who specializes in compiling some exam tutoring materials.
Mr. Ma Er's income is not low, he is considered a middle class, and he also likes to eat meat.
It is written in the book: As he spoke, the servants of the Yu family brought out the meal. The fruit is a home-cooked dish, a bowl of stewed duck, a bowl of boiled chicken, a tail fish, and a large bowl of simmered pork. Mr. Ma Er ate quite a lot, and raised his chopsticks to say to Gongsun, "You and I meet as confidants, and we are not polite." This fish doesn't have to move, but the meat is good. "I ate four bowls of rice at the moment, and ate a large bowl of rotten meat. When they heard it inside, they added another bowl; Even the soup was finished.
Why?
With Mr. Ma Er's income, he can't eat meat casually, and he can only eat so violently if he goes to a family like the descendants of big bureaucrats like Gongsun: As he spoke, Mr. Ma Er's rice was brought out in the workshop, a bowl of boiled vegetables, and two small dishes. Mr. Ma Er said, "This rice without vegetables is not good for Mr. to use, so what?" "What does it matter to Gongsun Dao?" But I know that my eldest brother and gentleman are not accustomed to vegetarian food, and I have silver with me. He hurriedly took out a piece and asked the shopkeeper's Erhan to buy a bowl of cooked meat.
Sasha has written so much, what exactly is he trying to say?
Quite simply, if a woman wants to be fatter, she must not only eat enough food, but also eat more meat.
Let's think about it, how many fat people were there in society during the Mao Zedong era? How many fat boys are there among the minors in particular? I don't see a single class in the school.
Today, the obesity rate among Chinese minors is 7.7%, which means that almost every 10 girls have a chubby girl.
The obesity rate among boys is 15.2 per cent, one in six.
Why?
In the end, it is better to eat well today, and the child eats a lot of meat.
In ancient China, ordinary people could only barely make ends meet, and it was not easy to fill their stomachs, so where could they talk about eating meat.
In other words, even if a poor girl tries to get fatter, it is impossible.
Like Fan Jin's family, he eats rice and vegetables every day, and he doesn't want to get fat after eating a whole pot every day.
If a girl or woman is fat, the only explanation is that the family is either rich or expensive, and the family is relatively wealthy, so that the female dependents can become fat.
In other words, fat girls, fat women are a status symbol in their own right.
If you look at the photos of the ladies in the palace at the end of the Qing Dynasty, you will find that there are quite a few fat people.
For example, among the four concubines in the late Qing Dynasty, only Concubine Jin left a photo. She was the sister of Concubine Zhen and lived until 1924.
Concubine Jin was very obese in middle age, similar to Jia Ling, and she became thinner in her later years when she was not in good health.
Let's take a look at the photos left by the Manchu banner nobles and important ministers, most of them are relatively plump, and there are few thin types.
For example, Princess Shunjun, Mrs. Tongling, Princess Na, Mrs. Yulang, Prince Qing's heir, etc., are all fat.
These people are pampered and eat well in order to become fat.
In the case of Concubine Jin, the daily diet standard is very high.
According to the archives, in September of the second year of Xuantong, Puyi, the Empress Dowager Longyu and the four concubines and six people "ate a total of 14,642 catties of pork" according to the rules, in addition to additional dishes, including: 31,844 catties of meat, 814 catties of lard, 4,786 chickens and ducks...... A total of 14,794 taels of silver were used.
In other words, in September 1910, the six "masters" in the Forbidden City ate almost 50,000 catties of meat.
If we look at the criteria of the Empress Dowager Cixi, it is believed that Xiuming's book "Memories of the Old Eunuch" revealed that Cixi's "daily routine" was as follows:
Fifty catties of meat (i.e., pork knuckle), one pig, one sheep, and two chickens and ducks are used every day. Two liters of new fine rice, five pounds of yellow old rice (i.e., purple rice), three liters of Jiang rice, three pounds of japonica rice noodles, fifteen pounds of white noodles, one pound of buckwheat noodles, one pound of wheat flour, three peas, and five spoonfuls of sesame seeds. Two catties of white sugar, one tael and five coins, eight taels of pot sugar, and eight taels of honey. Four taels of walnut kernels, two taels of pine nuts, four taels of wolfberries, and ten taels of dried dates. three catties of sesame oil and ten taels, twenty eggs, one catty of gluten and eight taels, and two catties of tofu; One pound of powder pot residue, two pounds of sweet sauce and twelve taels, two taels of clear sauce, five taels of vinegar, and fifteen catties of fresh vegetables. In autumn, prepare 20 eggplants and 20 cucumbers.
This "sub-example" is naturally only a minimum supply standard, and Cixi can add ingredients to herself at any time according to her own preferences. Taking fruit as an example, according to the "sub-example", Cixi's daily supply standard is "four taels of walnut kernels, two taels of pine nuts, four taels of wolfberry, and ten taels of dried dates", but the actual supply is often ten or 100 times that of the standard. According to the archives, from February 29 to March 28 in the first year of Guangxu, the eunuchs of Changchun Palace gave Cixi the following fruits:
On average, Cixi's daily fruit supply is: 25 apples, 3.7 catties of jujubes, 2.5 catties of mountain red, 1 catty of peach kernels, 1.7 taels of red and black dates, 3.3 taels of chestnuts, and 13.3 taels of walnuts. With so many fruits, Cixi naturally couldn't eat them all, and the rest was either given to the palace maids and eunuchs around her, or directly wasted.
Speaking of which, the fact that a woman can be fat is a symbol of the family's wealth and status.
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