Yang Deguang|Jia Nanfeng who disturbed a pool of spring water in the Western Jin Dynasty

Jia Nanfeng who disturbed a pool of spring water in the Western Jin Dynasty

Written by Yang Deguang

Jia Nanfeng, the initiator of the "Eight Kings Rebellion", was the culprit who caused the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty.

From 290 to 306, the 16-year-long "Eight Kings Rebellion" was a fatal wound in the Western Jin Dynasty.

Participants in the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings": Sima Liang, King of Runan, Sima Wei, King of Chu, Sima Lun, King of Zhao, Sima Jian, King of Qi, Sima Yi, King of Changsha, Sima Ying, King of Chengdu, Sima Hao, King of Hejian, and Sima Yue, King of the East China Sea.

In addition to the 8 Jin kings, there were also relatives, clans and more than 500,000 soldiers involved, and the people were brutally killed and blood flowed like a river. The Western Jin Dynasty exhausted the last trace of strength. Since then, it has been divided and divided for 327 years.

Jia Nanfeng, a native of Xiangling, Pingyang (Xiangfen, Shanxi). His grandfather was Jia Kui, the assassin of Yuzhou during the Cao Wei period, and his father was Jia Chong, the Dazai of the Western Jin Dynasty. His mother, Guo Huai, is an extremely jealous woman.

Jia Chong's main palace Li Wan was divorced because his father was implicated in his crime. After Jia Chong continued to string Guo Huai, he had an affair with the nurse, and the nurse was killed by Guo Huai. Li Wan gave birth to two sons who were waiting to be breastfed, missed their nurses, cried and couldn't eat, and died one after another. Jia Chong and Guo Huai have 2 sons, the eldest son Jia Limin, one day Jia Chong came home from outside, saw the nurse holding the eldest son in the yard playing, the child saw Jia Chong happily jumping, Jia Chong loved the child, kissed the child, was seen by Guo Huai in the distance, thought that Jia Chong had a relationship with him, and immediately sent someone to kill the nurse. His son didn't see the nurse crying incessantly, didn't eat her milk, and finally starved to death. Later, Jia Chong and Guo Huai had another son, and when he was 1 year old, the old drama was repeated, the nurse was killed, and the child died. After that, Guo Huai never gave birth to a son. Guo Huai later gave birth to two daughters for Jia Chong, and Jia Nanfeng was one of them.

Jia Nanfeng's father, Jia Chong, was suave and had affairs with many women. Mother Guo Huai is a femme fatale woman who has killed many nurses in a row. In Jia Nanfeng's blood, there is his father's love turmoil and his mother's viciousness. The fusion of the two has created Jia Nanfeng to be a woman who is both lascivious and fierce. According to the "Book of Jin": Jia Nanfeng is dark and ugly, lewd, and suspicious.

When choosing a concubine for Sima Zhen, Sima Yan chose the daughter of the old minister Wei Qian as a concubine, who was beautiful and fair-skinned. Empress Yang (Yang Yan) thinks that Jia Chong's daughter Jia Nanfeng is suitable. Queen Yang wanted to choose a spicy woman to support her son. Emperor Wu of Jin favored Empress Yang, and Jia Nanfeng was made Sima Zhen's concubine. In 290, after Sima Zhen succeeded to the throne, Jia Nanfeng monopolized the imperial power and wanted to change Sima's world into the Jia family's world.

Sima Yan's Empress Yang of the main palace is the descendant of the Yang family, a famous family in Hongnong, Shaanxi, and her ancestors are Yang Zhen, Yang Bing, Yang Ci, Yang Biao, and the "Four Worlds and Three Dukes" of the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms period, the Hongnong Yang family was prominent for a while, such as Yang Xiu and so on.

After Jia Nanfeng was made a concubine, Sima Zhen was weak and dull, and she arbitrarily controlled the imperial power of the Western Jin Dynasty.

Empress Yang died young at the age of 37, and after Sima Yan died of illness, no one could stop Jia Nanfeng's plot to turn Sima Tianxia into Jia's world. If Empress Yang is alive, Jia Nanfeng, as a daughter-in-law, can only obey Empress Yang's arrangement. Even if Jia Nanfeng had the intention of usurping the throne, he would not be so obviously exposed. If Empress Yang knew Jia Nanfeng's ambitions, Jia Nanfeng would have died a miserable death.

It's a pity that Cangtian deliberately arranged it this way, Jia Nanfeng's conspiracy succeeded, and a pool of spring water in the Western Jin Dynasty was flooded, and she sent the Western Jin Dynasty to the point of no return, and she also sent herself to the point of no return.

Who can chase after the autumn breeze, and who can be spared by the sky speechless? This may be the retribution for the destruction of the Wei by the Sima Yi family.

In 249, Sima Yi took advantage of the time when the general Cao Shuang accompanied the Wei Emperor Cao Fang to leave Luoyang to worship his ancestors in Gaopingling, and staged a coup d'état to control the Praetorian Guard and Luoyang, Kyoto. Kill the Cao Shuang family. Sima Yi took a solid step towards changing the dynasty. His sons Sima Shi and Sima Yan held great power in the Wei State. In 254, Cao Fang wanted to get rid of Sima Shi, but Sima Shi attacked first, killed the ministers who plotted rebellion, and set up Cao Chao, a noble townshipman, as the emperor. In 260, Sima Zhao killed Cao Chao and made Cao Huan emperor. "Sima Zhao's heart is known to passers-by". He deposed Cao Huan as King Chen and let his son ascend to the throne.

Through the joint efforts of Sima Yi, Sima Shi and Sima Zhao. The Wei State was destroyed, the Western Jin Dynasty was established, and "Sima Zhao's heart is known to passers-by" has become a fact.

After Cao Cao defeated Liu Bei, the first lord of Shu Han, he then destroyed Emperor Sun Quan of Eastern Wu, and Sun Quan was willing to surrender. Cao Cao wanted to dominate the world and become the Wei Dynasty Empire. Unfortunately, his ambition was not realized before his death.

Sima Yi, as Cao Wei's old minister, was as famous as Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu in the Three Kingdoms. He supported the 4th Emperor of Cao Wei and lived a long life of 73 years, and the 5th Emperor of Cao Wei died short-lived and died early due to the persecution and persecution of Sima Yi, Sima Shi, Sima Zhao, Sima Yan, Sima Rui and other Sima families. The Sima family was powerful, and the Wei state existed in name only. In the end, Sima Zhao forced Cao Huan to abdicate, and the 61-year-old Cao Wei world became Sima's world.

In 265, Sima Yan established the Western Jin Dynasty, and Sima Zhao chose a concubine for his son. Yang Yan is smart and virtuous, naturally beautiful, good at calligraphy, and is a talented woman in the show. Sima Zhao made Yang Yan Sima Yan's concubine. In 266, Yang Yan was canonized as empress, and she gave birth to three sons and three daughters for Sima Yan. They are Sima Rail, Emperor Hui of Jin, Sima Khan, Sima Khan, Princess Pingyang, Princess Xinfeng and Princess Yangping.

The crown prince Sima Zhen was born in 259 and became crown prince in the first month of 267. In 271, when Sima Zhen was 13 years old, he chose a concubine for him. In 272, Sima Yan appointed Dazai Jia Chong's daughter Jia Nanfeng as the crown princess, Jia Nanfeng was 15 years old, 2 years older than Sima Zhen.

After Empress Yang died of illness, Jia Nanfeng seized the power of the Western Jin Dynasty and provoked the internal strife of the Sima royal family, causing the "Eight Kings Rebellion". The Sima family's sword was slaughtered, blood flowed all over the ground, self-depletion, and finally the Western Jin Dynasty perished.

Take a look at the real drama of the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings".

In 290, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty issued an edict in the middle of his illness, ordering Sima Liang, the king of Runan, and Yang Jun, the general of the chariot and cavalry, to assist Emperor Sima Zhen of the Jin Dynasty. Yang Jun is Yang Zhi's father and Empress Yang's cousin. When Empress Yang was seriously ill, she asked Emperor Wu of Jin to crown Yang Zhi as empress, and Emperor Wu of Jin agreed. In 290, before the death of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, Sima Yan, Yang Zhizuo asked Yang Jun to assist the government alone, and Emperor Wu nodded and acquiesced. In April, Yang Zhikou announced the edict of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, and Yang Jun was a separate assistant. Yang Jun's younger brothers Yang Jue and Yang Ji entrusted them with important tasks.

Jia Nanfeng conspired with Sima Liang, the king of Runan, and Sima Wei, the king of Chu, to murder Yang Jun. Sima Wei, the king of Chu, led his troops from Jingzhou into Luoyang. In March 291, Jia Nanfeng claimed that Yang Jun had rebelled, and Sima Wei, the king of Chu, led his troops to surround and burn Yang's mansion, and Yang Jun was killed.

Jia Nanfeng issued an edict in the name of Emperor Hui of Jin, abolishing Yang Zhi's position as empress and exterminating the Yang Jun family.

The power fell into the hands of Sima Liang, the king of Runan, and the old minister Wei Qiang, and Jia Nanfeng's dream of monopolizing power failed. In June, she issued a secret edict in the name of Emperor Hui of Jin, ordering Sima Wei, the king of Chu, to kill Sima Liang, the king of Runan, and Wei Qian. Sima Wei killed Sima Liang and Wei Qian. Sima Wei's meritorious achievements were high, and Jia Nanfeng framed Sima Wei, saying that Sima Wei privately drafted an edict, brutally killed Sima Liang and Wei Qian, and executed Sima Wei on "trumped-up" charges. The power was recaptured by Jia Nanfeng, and his brother Jia Mo, nephew Jia Mi, and cousin Guo Zhang entrusted him with important tasks. The meager national strength of the Western Jin Dynasty was gradually exhausted in the internal strife.

In 299, Jia Nanfeng deposed the prince Sima Shu and pushed the bloody Western Jin Dynasty to the peak of killing a river.

The crown prince was born to Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty, Sima Zhen and Xie Jiu. Xie Jiu looked down on Jia Nanfeng's ugliness, and Jia Nanfeng was even more jealous of the beautiful Xie Jiu. She sent someone to get the prince drunk with wine and asked him to copy the anti-imperialist remarks prepared by Jia Nanfeng in advance, but he was drunk and unconscious before he could finish copying it. Emperor Hui of Jin was furious when he saw Sima Shu's anti-imperialist remarks and abolished Sima Shu's status as the crown prince.

In 300, the crown prince Sima Shu was killed by Jia Nanfeng in his captivity. Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, arrested Jia Nanfeng and his henchmen on charges of murdering the crown prince. Dead friends Zhang Hua and Pei Yu were beheaded, and Sima Lun killed Jia Nanfeng with poisoned wine at the age of 43. Sima Lun proclaimed himself prime minister and held the power of the court.

In the first month of 301, Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, established himself as emperor. Sima Yin, the king of Qi in Xuchang, Sima Hao, the king of Hejian in Chang'an, and Sima Ying, the king of Chengdu in Yecheng, raised troops to attack Sima Lun. Sima Lun led his troops to counterattack, killing and wounding more than 100,000 people. In April 301, Sima Jian killed Sima Lun, and Emperor Hui of Jin was reinstated, and Sima Jian served as the Great Sima. Sima Hao and Sima Ying were also crowned. Sima Jian monopolized the imperial power, indulged in women, and the government was deserted.

At the end of 302, Sima Hao raised an army to attack Sima Jian, and Sima Yi, the king of Changsha in Luoyang, attacked Sima Jian. Sima Jian was defeated and killed. His son and 2,000 henchmen were exterminated. Sima Yi monopolized power, and Sima Hao was dissatisfied. He sent people to assassinate Sima Yi many times, but without success.

In 303, Sima Hao ordered Zhang Fang to lead 70,000 troops and Sima Ying's army of more than 200,000 to defeat Sima Yi. Sima Yi led his troops to meet the attack, and after several months of fighting, Sima Yi broke through the army of Sima Hao and Sima Ying, killing tens of thousands of people. Following the advice of his subordinate general Zhang Fanghou, Sima Hao led his troops to withdraw to Chang'an.

At the beginning of 304, Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea, captured Sima Yi and handed him over to Sima Hao, the king of Hejian, who was roasted to death by fire.

Sima Ying entered Luoyang as prime minister. Sima Hao, the king of Hejian, was promoted to Dazai, and Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea, was the secretary of Shang. Sima Ying deposed the crown prince Sima Qin, and Sima Ying returned to Yecheng in the name of the emperor's younger brother.

Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea, was dissatisfied with Sima Ying. led more than 100,000 soldiers to envelop Emperor Hui of Jin to attack Yecheng and attack Sima Ying. Sima Xuan, the king of Dong'an, persuaded Sima Ying to surrender. Sima Ying ordered Shi Chao to lead 50,000 troops to meet the battle, Sima Yue was defeated, and Emperor Hui of Jin was captured and sent to Yecheng. Sima Ying kills Sima Xuan. Sima Yue fled to Xiapi in Xuzhou. Sima Nan, the governor of Xuzhou and the king of Dongping, did not accept him. Sima Yue fled back to the fiefdom of Donghai, north of present-day Tancheng, Shandong.

Sima Yue's younger brother is the Assassin of Bingzhou and the Duke of Dongying. Ordered Sima Teng and Wang Jun to kill the assassin envoy of Youzhou. Sima Ying led his troops to attack Sima Teng. Sima Teng and Wang Jun faced Sima Ying.

Sima Ying's new Youzhou assassin Wang Bin led Shi Chao, Li Yi and others to fight against Sima Teng and was defeated. Sima Ying led his troops to kidnap Emperor Hui of Jin and fled to Luoyang. Sima Teng's army pursued all the way and returned to Chaoge (Qi County).

Sima Hao kidnapped Emperor Hui of Jin to Chang'an in Luoyang and announced the abolition of Sima Ying's position as the emperor's younger brother. Emperor Hui of Jin issued an edict, Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea, was the Taifu, and the Hui Dynasty and Sima Hao jointly assisted the government, and Sima Yue was not subject to it.

In 305, Emperor Hui of Jin issued an edict to remove Sima Yue from his official position. Sima Yue led 30,000 soldiers to the west, but Liu You sent troops to stop him. Sima Yu, the king of Fanyang, sent 800 cavalry to help Sima Yue, Liu You's troops were defeated, and Sima Yue led his troops into Tunyang Wu.

Sima Hao ordered Zhang Fang's subordinate Zhi Fu to assassinate Zhang Fang and send Zhang Fang's head to Sima Yue's army. Sima Hao killed Zhifu.

Sima Yue's Xianbei general Qi Hong broke through Tongguan, Sima Hao fled from Chang'an, and Sima Yue led his troops into Chang'an.

In 306, Sima Yue escorted Emperor Hui of Jin back to Luoyang. Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty issued an edict to Sima Yue as the Taifu Lu Shangshu, and added the two counties of Xiapi and Jiyang. Sima Yu, the king of Fanyang, was made Sikong.

Emperor Hui of Jin ordered Zhennan generals Liu Hong and Nanzhong Lang to search for Sima Ying. Sima Ying abandoned her mother and wife, and fled to Chaoge with her two sons, Sima Pu, the king of Lujiang, and Sima Kuo, the king of Zhongdu, and gathered hundreds of soldiers from the old army on the way, wanting to flee back to the old land of Yecheng. On the way, he was captured by Taishou Feng Song and sent to Sima Yu, the king of Fanyang, who imprisoned Sima Ying and his son. Later, Sima Ying was hanged to death by the guard Tian Hui at the age of 28. Two of his sons were also killed.

On January 8, 307, Emperor Sima Zhen of Jin Hui died suddenly. The crown prince Sima Chi succeeded to the throne, and Emperor Huai of Jin issued an edict to Sima Hao as Situ and let him return to Luoyang. Sima Hao rode on the road, and when he arrived at Xin'an Yonggu, he was strangled to death by Liang Chen, the general of Sima Mo, the king of Nanyang, in the car. Three of his sons were also killed.

In 307, Sima Yue, the Taifu and King of the East China Sea, assisted the government and seized the power of the imperial court. At this point, Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea, became the ultimate winner in the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings".

The "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" in the Western Jin Dynasty brought about the "Five Hu Chaohua", and the nomadic tribes outside the Saiwai went south one after another, and established 16 regimes in the north of the Yellow River, from Liao in the east to Xia in the west. "Wuhu": Xiongnu, Xianbei, Qian, Qiang, and Di, forming a chaotic situation of confrontation between the South and the North Dynasties.

In 317, Emperor Sima Rui of the Jin Yuan Dynasty established the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 318, Liu Cang of Han and Liu Yao of the former Zhao founded the country. 319 years later, Zhao Shile founded the country. 320 years ago, Liang Zhangmao founded the country. 324 BC Liang Zhang Jun succeeded to the throne. After that, Cheng Li Ban Yuheng, Qianyan Murong Hao, Han Li Shou, Qianqin Fujian, Houyan Murong Chui, Later Qin Yao Chang, Western Qin Qifu Guoren, Northern Wei Tuoba Jue, Southern Liang Bald Wugu, Northern Liang Duanye, Later Yan Murong Shen, Southern Yan Murong De, Western Liang Li Hui, Xia Helian Bobo (Hu Xia, Great Xia) and so on have established the country, forming the world of the 16 countries of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

After 420, the Northern Wei, Daxia, Northern Liang, Western Qin, and Northern Yan formed the northern regime, and through continuous integration, the Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Western Wei, and Northern Zhou were formed in opposition to the Southern Dynasties combined with Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen for 169 years. Coupled with the 55 years of the Western Jin Dynasty and the 103 years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Chinese division was formed for 327 years. In 581, Emperor Wen of Sui Emperor Yang Jian unified China and established the Sui Dynasty, ending the long-term division and ushering in the second unification of Huaxia, laying a solid foundation for the growth of the Tang Dynasty's national strength in 289 years.

About author:Yang Deguang (character, Chunhui), male, from Xuzhou, Jiangsu. Born in 1951, he enlisted in the army in 1969, joined the party in 1971, transferred to local work in 1987, and is now retired. He loves reading and writing, and has published hundreds of papers and manuscripts, and has won many awards.