#长文创作激励计划#
During the period of the Republic of China, the military command and the central unification were the two major spy organizations of the Kuomintang, among which the military unification under the leadership of Dai Li was almost synonymous with the spy organization.
After the end of the "Central Plains War", Chiang Kai-shek defeated Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren and other warlord factions, and became the head of the Nationalist government.
The president of the "Fuxing Society" was Chiang Kai-shek himself, and its internal members were all die-hard fans of Chiang Kai-shek at the Whampoa Military Academy, and its main task was to sabotage the Communist Party of China and the people's revolutionary forces, and to persecute progressives and dissident forces by means of reconnaissance, kidnapping, interrogation, and assassination. It was not until after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War that the "Fuxing Society" was disbanded, and only the secret service was retained, and the director was Dai Li.
Liang Ganqiao is one of the 13 Taibao of the "Fuxing Society" and one of the founders of the military command, and together with Dai Li, Zhang Yanyuan, Wang Tianmu and other ten people, they are collectively called the "ten-member regiment" of the military commander. Liang Ganqiao joined the Communist Party in his early years, but due to personal ideological reasons, he later broke away from the Communist Party, and under the introduction of Kang Ze, he joined the "Fuxing Society" and set up a secret service with Dai Li.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Liang Ganqiao and Dai Li had a disagreement, so he left the military command and went to Shaanxi to defect to Hu Zongnan, where he engaged in "anti-communist" activities, and his hands were stained with the blood of many innocent people, and finally died of illness after the end of the Anti-Japanese War.
Liang Ganqiao
In 1903, Liang Ganqiao was born in Meixian County, Guangdong, his original name was Liang Zhaogui, and his parents were small local landowners. When Liang Ganqiao was eight years old, he studied in a private school in the village, and his academic performance was very good, and he was admitted to the county school at the age of twelve.
In 1919, after all, Liang Ganqiao had some culture, so he came to work at Nanxing Primary School in the neighboring township and worked as a teacher here for five years.
In 1924, the Whampoa Military Academy enrolled, Liang Ganqiao and a few fellow villagers and friends went to sign up, and successfully entered the infantry department of the first phase of Whampoa, and Chen Geng, Hu Zongnan and others were classmates, and it was also at this time that he changed his original name to Liang Ganqiao. At that time, when the entrance examination was taken, the instructor asked why he was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy, and Liang Ganqiao said that in order not to be oppressed by foreign powers and warlords, he was willing to be a revolutionary who was not afraid of death.
While in school, Liang Ganqiao joined the Chinese Communist Party. After graduating, he was assigned to the Whampoa Military Academy to teach the Second Regiment as a trainee platoon commander.
Chen Jiongming
At the beginning of 1925, Chiang Kai-shek served as the commander-in-chief of the Eastern Expeditionary Army, led the troops to crusade against the Guangdong warlord Chen Jiongming, in the "Battle of Tamsui", the platoon commander and machine gunner were sacrificed, and the trainee platoon commander Liang Ganqiao led the charge with a submachine gun, and after the battle, he was officially appointed as the platoon commander. Soon after, Liang Ganqiao was transferred from the army to work in the propaganda section of the National Revolutionary Army Headquarters.
The Nationalist Government of Guangdong defeated the warlords Chen Jiongming, Deng Benyin and others through two Eastern Crusades, completely stabilized the situation in Guangdong, and at the same time reached cooperation with the Soviet Union.
In the autumn of 1925, the "Sun Yat-sen University" was opened in Moscow, the Soviet Union, and in order to cultivate revolutionary backbones, Liang Ganqiao and others were sent to the Soviet Union to study.
In January 1926, Liang Ganqiao came to the "Sun Yat-sen University" in Moscow, and according to Liang Ganqiao's later description, he came to the Soviet Union before he began to participate in political activities. He mainly studied political theory at the school, at a time when there was a serious struggle within the Soviet party, and the opposition, led by Trotsky, known as the "Trotskyists", was Stalin's opponent, so Liang Ganqiao and other students were also affected.
Trotsky
Raddick of "Sun Yat-sen University" was the core figure of the "Trotskyists," and many of the school's teachers were also "Trotskyist" personnel, and under their influence, Liang Ganqiao and other students often participated in the activities of the "Trotskyists." At that time, Liang Ganqiao was young and vigorous, and he actively spoke at various meetings of the school, so he was very active among his classmates, and Vice President Kutyumov also gave him the nickname "Leader of the Oppressed Nation", and soon the number of "Trotskyist" students at "Sun Yat-sen University" increased rapidly.
In May 1927, Radek, the rector of Sun Yat-sen University, was dismissed by Stalin, but the "Trotskyist" activities within the university did not stop. On November 7, the 10th anniversary of the victory of the "October Revolution" was held in Moscow, and Liang Ganqiao, Lu Yuan, and other "Trotskyist" students mixed into the crowd, and when they passed by Lenin's tomb, they suddenly shouted slogans, saying that they would follow Lenin's last wishes, support Trotsky, and oppose Stalin's rule.
Not long after, Mifu, the new president of "Sun Yat-sen University", led someone to ask Liang Ganqiao to investigate who was the commander behind the scenes, and Wang Ming was standing next to Mifu at that time. Liang Ganqiao said that there was no one to command, they were all spontaneously organized, and soon "Sun Yat-sen University" expelled Liang Ganqiao and other Chinese students, and they were forced to return to China.
Miff
On the eve of his return to China, Trotsky secretly summoned Liang Ganqiao and others, and since Chiang Kai-shek had betrayed the revolution at home and arrested Communists everywhere, Trotsky asked them to sum up the experience of the failure of the great revolution at home, to reunite the working masses, and to set up an organization if the situation required it.
At the end of 1927, Liang Ganqiao and others returned to Shanghai, when Chiang Kai-shek suppressed the Communist Party members, so the CCP's party organization in Shanghai was relatively chaotic.
In February 1928, the Chaomei Special Committee suffered serious damage, but the local party organization was still active, and the "Shekeng Uprising" was launched, and Liang Ganqiao was appointed by Guangdong Province to contact him. As a result, after Liang Ganqiao arrived there, he criticized the leaders of the uprising as a special commissioner, saying that they were too blind and forgot the lesson of blood, and asked the rebels to lay down their arms, which led to a conflict with the leaders of the uprising, and Liang Ganqiao was forced to return to Hong Kong.
surging
In September, the Dongjiang Special Committee in Guangdong was attacked by Kuomintang troops, and Secretary Peng Peng went to Shanghai, and Liang Ganqiao took over the work. In December, Liang Ganqiao left Guangdong for Shanghai without the consent of the organization to attend a meeting to form the "Trotskyists."
At that time, more than a dozen members of the "Trotskyists" in Shanghai held a meeting at Lu Yuan's house, and they named the organization "Chinese Bolshevik-Leninist Opposition," and elected the central organ, the "National Council of Directors General," elected Shi Tang as the director general, and Liang Ganqiao was appointed as the head of the South China region.
At the beginning of 1929, in order to spread the ideas of "Trotskyism", Liang Ganqiao and others opened the publication "Our Words". In order to expand the influence of the "Trotskyists", Liang Ganqiao came to Hong Kong, set up a party branch in the Taikoo Shipyard, and fought for the rights and interests of the workers in the factory, but his identity as a "Trotskyist" was also exposed.
In July, the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee expelled Liang Ganqiao from the party, so Liang Ganqiao went to Shanghai, participated in "Trotsky" activities in his own name, and set up two organizations, the "October Society" and the "Fighting Society" with members of the "Trotskyists", as far away as Trotsky, Turkey, and wrote letters asking them to unify all "Trotsky" organizations.
In May 1931, the four "Trotskyist" organizations held a meeting in Shanghai to form a Trotskyist organization of the "Left Opposition of the Communist Party of China", which was to elect "Central Executive Members" during the voting session. As a result, after the vote, Liang Ganqiao lost the election, because several workers' representatives from Hong Kong only knew "Liang Daci" and did not know Liang Ganqiao, so they did not vote for him.
Because he did not become the leader of the "Trotskyists" and the economic conditions were tight, Liang Ganqiao felt that his future was bleak, so he ran to Nanjing with Lu Yuan to defect to the Kuomintang.
Under the recommendation of Kang Ze, Liang Ganqiao met Chiang Kai-shek, when the "Fuxing Society" was being established, Liang Ganqiao relied on the identity of the first phase of Huangpu, plus the experience of studying in the Soviet Union, so he became the first batch of members of the "Fuxing Society", known as one of the thirteen Taibao of the "Fuxing Society". Kang Ze served as the head of the propaganda department of the "Fuxing Society", and Liang Ganqiao served as Kang Ze's assistant, Liang Ganqiao rebelled against the communist public opinion, and was often so busy that he could not go to bed at three or four o'clock in the morning every day.
Soon after, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to set up the "Fuxing Society" secret service department, appointed Dai Li as the director, and let Liang Ganqiao participate in the formation of the secret service.
In October 1932, relying on hard work, Liang Ganqiao was reused by Chiang Kai-shek and served as the head of the training and education group of major generals in the political training research class of the Military Commission, and also served as the deputy director of the Transportation Research Institute of the Military Commission.
In 1934, Liang Ganqiao served as a director of the New Life Movement Promotion Association.
In 1935, Liang Ganqiao served as an officer of the Fuxing Society and was also the chief of political training of the Nanjing Military Police Headquarters. Cheng Yiming was Liang Ganqiao's classmate at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, Cheng Yiming had been engaged in underground activities of the CCP after returning to China, and later Cheng Yiming lost contact with the organization, and under the pull of Liang Ganqiao, Cheng Yiming also defected to the Kuomintang.
Chen Jitang
In June 1936, Chen Jitang and Li Zongren jointly launched the "Liangguang Incident", preparing to lead troops north in the name of resisting Japan. Liang Ganqiao's relative, Liang Bolun, was the director of the Guangdong Air Force as a radio station, and under Liang Bolun's matchmaking, Liang Ganqiao bribed the air force generals of the Guangdong Army. In July, 47 planes of the Cantonese army flew to Nanchang and defected to Chiang Kai-shek's camp. Liang Ganqiao and the chief of staff of the Guangdong Air Force Chen Zhuolin got in touch, under Chen Zhuolin's planning, so that the remaining planes of the Guangdong army, also flew to Nanchang, under the dispersion and collapse of Chiang Kai-shek, many generals of the Guangdong army betrayed Chen Jitang, and finally Chen Jitang announced that he would go to the field, and the "Liangguang Incident" was resolved peacefully, and Liang Ganqiao made great contributions in the middle.
At the end of 1937, after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Liang Ganqiao served as the director of the Zhengzhou Office of the Military Command Bureau. But when the news reached Dai Li, he asked Liang Ganqiao to transfer all the students of the Zhengzhou training class to the spy training class in Hunan.
Li
As a result, a few days later, Dai Li wrote again, saying that if Liang Ganqiao did not carry out the order, he would be dealt with according to discipline, and finally Liang Ganqiao had no choice but to hand over the batch of students and weapons.
In February 1938, Liang Ganqiao resigned from his post and completely broke with Dai Li, and after that, he rarely participated in the activities of the military command, but only hung a post in the military command. After breaking with Dai Li, Liang Ganqiao went to Kang Ze again and served as the deputy director of the Second Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission, but this was only a false position, and he decided to defect to Hu Zongnan.
In August 1938, Liang Ganqiao came to Xi'an, Shaanxi, and he wanted to lead troops in the army, so Hu Zongnan was ready to help him organize a brigade of troops, but this had to be agreed by Zhu Shaoliang, commander-in-chief of the Eighth Theater of Operations. When Liang Ganqiao went to Lanzhou to see Zhu Shaoliang, Zhu Shaoliang said that Liang Ganqiao was a political cadre, why did he run to lead the troops, so the plan to form a unit was not realized, and as a result, when he returned to Xi'an, Liang Ganqiao was bombed by Japanese planes, causing him to suffer ear injuries and hearing problems.
Hu Zongnan
After the formation of the unit was unsuccessful, Hu Zongnan appointed Liang Ganqiao as an instructor of guerrilla tactics, the head of the student corps of the Seventh Branch of the Central Military Academy, and the director of the Political Department of the 10th Theater.
In August 1940, the General Headquarters of Popular Mobilization in Shaanxi Province was established, and at the recommendation of Hu Zongnan, Liang Ganqiao served as the commander of the Piluo District, which included three counties of Xunyi, Chunhua and Yaoxian. He became the vanguard of "anti-communist" activities, organized militia groups, strengthened the "armor protection system," and tightly sealed the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo border region.
In 1942, Liang Ganqiao transferred the headquarters to Chunhua, and concurrently served as the administrative inspector of the second district of Shaanxi Province, mastering the military and political power in the jurisdiction, and further strengthening the anti-communist activities, known as the "living Hades".
Liang Ganqiao
In February 1945, within a few months, Liang Ganqiao killed 118 innocent people in Chunhua, and then imprisoned more than 200 "communists". In May, despite Hu Zongnan's support, Liang Ganqiao was dismissed by Zhu Shaozhou, chairman of the Shaanxi provincial government.
In June 1945, Liu Wenhua, the commander of the garrison battalion under Liang Ganqiao, led his soldiers to revolt, Hu Zongnan scolded Liang Ganqiao, Liang Ganqiao was not in good health, and suddenly fell ill.
In January 1946, Liang Ganqiao died of illness in Xi'an.
Disclaimer: Historical public information, if there is any similarity, is purely coincidental.