Lead
If we want to ensure the stability of our society and the security of the country, we must first let the people have enough to eat.
In the sixties and seventies of the last century, China was facing a severe famine crisis, and the state also made many decisions to study agriculture.
Academician Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice in the mainland, studied the hybrid rice in the mainland when he had such a sense of mission.
He brought about this great achievement, and it also helped us to get out of the current crisis and help the world to solve the Great Famine.
His research on rice has become a miracle in the continent's grain production.
Not only that, but our research on rice has been advancing.
On this basis, a new type of rice species is derived called seawater rice, which is also called saline-alkali tolerant rice.
It is also a new variety of rice cultivated on the basis of mainland hybrid rice.
Its most significant feature is that it can grow in saline-alkali soil, and from this point of view, it not only has high yield, but also has the advantages of resistance to salinity, diseases and insects.
What are the results of growing this rice in saline soil?
Academician Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice in the mainland, once tried to grow rice in saline-alkali land, what was the result?
Four-dimensional improvement method.
Saline land is very barren land, and its salt content can even dry up, and even grass cannot survive on saline land.
Therefore, there will be no crops in the saline-alkali land, let alone a bumper harvest.
There are many causes of saline-alkali land, affected by climate, soil and other factors, the mineral salts and crystal salts in the soil precipitate on the soil surface to form crystalline salts.
The salinity and alkalinity of the saline-alkali land then show a layered shape.
For example, the topmost salt: divided into normal salt and live salt; 2nd layer: supersaturated salts.
3rd layer: alkaline earth.
It is difficult for water or fertilizer to enter the surface of saline-alkali land, and even some crops growing on saline-alkali land will die because the soil is too arid and salty.
Saline-alkali land has many characteristics, one of which is that it is arid and saline-alkali.
It is not conducive to the growth of crops, and some plants or crops do not grow at all.
However, if there are crops that can be grown in saline-alkali soil, then this crop can effectively improve the soil and play a certain role.
Saline-alkali land is divided into "shallow sea salt bed" and "deep sea salt bed", and "shallow sea salt bed" refers to the soil with relatively thin salt content and connected to the water surface of the ocean or lake.
The term "deep-sea salt bed" refers to soils with a high salinity content, i.e. layers of salt arranged underground.
And there are many types of salts in seawater, mainly sodium chloride.
There are many types of soil salts, mainly calcium sulfate, that is, gypsum.
Gypsum can form substances at the roots of plants, which can play a role in hindering plant growth.
If you want to grow rice on saline soil, you must first improve the saline land into soil where rice can be grown.
So how can saline-alkali land be improved?
This is our "four-dimensional improvement method".
The four-dimensional improvement method is to improve in four aspects in a certain space.
One is time, the second is space, the third is salt, and the fourth is depth.
If you want to improve the saline-alkali land, you need to start with the space and divide the space into three levels, namely the upper layer, the middle layer, and the bottom layer.
The upper layer refers to the saline soil layer, the middle layer refers to the crop growth layer, and the bottom layer is the original soil layer.
In terms of space, the bottom floor cannot be destroyed.
The upper and middle layers can be modified.
Through a certain method, the salinity of the soil in the upper layer is reduced, which is the time aspect.
In terms of salinity, the salt content of the saline soil layer should be reduced, and the middle layer should be kept below 1%.
But this is also a long-term process, and we change the salt content of the soil through indirect effects such as planting trees and converting to paddy fields.
In terms of depth, the depth of the cultivated soil is adjusted to less than 40 cm.
Dubai's desert is fertile land.
To grow rice on saline-alkali land, it is necessary to first improve the saline-alkali soil, and then to plant rice.
After years of trial and exploration, Academician Yuan Longping and his team have planted improved varieties of rice on saline-alkali land.
With the continuous maturity of seawater rice technology, everything went smoothly for planting seawater rice on the saline-alkali land of the mainland, and in 2018, Academician Yuan Longping and his team came to Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
I don't know if you've ever seen Dubai's desert landscape, not to mention the scorching sunshine in Dubai, even at night, the icy weather will make most of the area covered in snow and ice.
This is not common elsewhere, but it is common in Dubai.
Dubai's desert is a sandstorm made up of sand particles, and it can be difficult to grow rice in such a desert.
However, in the face of such a dilemma, the Dubai government did not back down, but dared to try.
Under the guidance of Academician Yuan Longping and other professionals, many canals were opened in the desert to irrigate seawater into the hybrid rice fields.
After years of farming, in 2018, Dubai successfully cultivated seawater rice in the desert.
When Academician Yuan Longping saw the scene of the bumper harvest of seawater rice, he sincerely felt very gratified.
With the birth of this great achievement, the world's rice will also usher in a new round of challenges.
So what is the quality of seawater rice in such a special environment?
Let's take a look.
After this achievement came out, the scholars and the masses who came to inspect were even more shocked and excited about this matter, and came to investigate one after another.
Under the watchful eye of everyone, Academician Yuan Longping personally carried out the production measurement.
The results of the yield measurement show that after years of cultivation, the yield of this mu of paddy field has reached 4,131 catties, which has exceeded the world average level of mainland paddy fields.
After Academician Yuan Longping heard this result, it can be said that he has no physical exhaustion now, only a full sense of achievement.
After seeing the bumper harvest of seawater rice, Academician Yuan Longping also discovered: "The hardness of these rice is also very good, and the quality is very good."
Dubai's rice production has risen to the point of being world-class.
In addition, this kind of seawater rice planted on saline-alkali land also has the advantages of resistance to salinity, diseases and insects, and drought.
And in the case of abnormal climate, seawater rice also has stronger resistance to stress and has very good stability.
"Father of seawater rice" Chen Risheng.
In mainland rice research, Chen Risheng is known as the "father of seawater rice".
He focuses on high-quality saline-alkali resistant rice and conducts research on seawater rice.
In 1973 he began his research on seawater rice.
Based on years of research on seawater rice, Chen and his team released the first batch of excellent seawater rice varieties in 2017.
In addition, a number of high-quality seawater rice demonstration areas have been established in Shandong, Hainan, Jiangsu, Liaoning and other places in the mainland, and seawater rice has gradually entered people's sight.
Later, in the research of seawater rice, the development model of seawater rice agriculture was gradually formed.
Not only that, Chen Risheng and his team have also promoted the technology to Southeast Asia, and the cultivation of seawater rice abroad has gradually increased.
In 2018, after the successful trial planting of seawater rice in Dubai, this move undoubtedly gave "wings" to the development of seawater rice.
Our cultivation of rice on saline-alkali land is a matter of great concern to the working people.
If the cultivation technology of seawater rice is popularized and applied, the food problem in some barren areas will be solved, and even more and more promising.
It is precisely because of the great achievements of Academician Yuan Longping and his team that they have continuously added impetus to the mainland's agricultural production.
In addition, seawater rice has played an important practical role in the agricultural production of the mainland.
The research process of seawater rice is still deepening.
We should believe that with the development of science and technology, scientific research in agriculture will become more and more advanced.
epilogue
The study of seawater rice is a new field, and only by continuous exploration and development in this field can a new path be opened up for agricultural production on the mainland.
The study of seawater rice is of great significance and at the same time a great project.
We must move forward in prudence and grow in exploration.
Seawater rice has a high yield and tastes very good.
In this regard, we must continue to explore and develop.
We must continue to explore unknown areas, set up more benchmarks for scientific research, contribute to the mainland's agricultural production, and promote the development of agriculture.