The light of the virtuous face through time and space: resourceful and far-sighted, thoughtful and auspicious
A generation of famous and rich people: Zai Fuxian can leave in the annals of history, and his loyalty shines brightly
Fu Bi (1004 - 1083), a native of Henan (now Luoyang City, Henan Province), was a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.
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1. Introduction to Fu Bi's life and deeds:
- Biography and Deeds:
- Early Experience: Fu Bi was studious and energetic when he was young, and was appreciated by Fan Zhongyan and Yan Shu. In the eighth year of Tiansheng (1030), he was the first to be a supervisor and a governor of Changshui County, Henan Prefecture. Later, due to the death of his father, he resigned from the government and kept filial piety for three years. In the second year of the Ming Dynasty (1033), Fan Zhongyan was demoted for protesting against the deposition of Empress Guo, and Fu Bi's defense was also demoted to Jiangzhou General Judgment.
- Positive advice: In the first year of Baoyuan (1038), after Li Yuanhao, the king of Western Xia, became emperor, the Northern Song court used many people inappropriately.
In the third year of Baoyuan (1040), Fu Bi served as the governor of Kaifeng Prefecture, and repeatedly admonished Song Renzong, such as requesting to recruit soldiers to deploy in the southeast artery, reduce army redundancy, and widely communicate the road according to the changes in the sky. During this period, he also played an important role in the handling of some cases, such as clearing Liu Ping's grievances and opposing the appointment of Wang Shouzhong as the governor of the capital.
- Envoy to Khitan: In the summer and April of the first year of Kangding (1040), Fu Bi was appointed as the judge of the three divisions of salt and iron, and in August of the same year, he was appointed as the envoy of the Khitan lord Zhengdan, and was ordered to envoy to the Khitan. In the first month of the second year of Qingli (1042), the Khitan gathered troops to garrison the border of the Northern Song Dynasty and sent ministers to claim the territory of Guannan. Fu Bi negotiated with the Khitan ministers Xiao Ying and Liu Liufu many times, and finally successfully rejected the Khitan request for land cession, and maintained the peace between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Khitan, only promising to increase the annual tribute, and promised to marry the clan girl to the Khitan Liang King to make peace (Fu Bi objected to the matter of harmony).
- Participation in the New Deal and Foreign Appointments: In the third year of Qingli (1043), Fu Bi served as the deputy privy envoy, and Fan Zhongyan implemented the "Qingli New Deal", putting forward a number of current political proposals, advocating the elimination of malpractices, but was framed and went out of Yunzhou, Qingzhou and other places. When he was in Qingzhou, the Heshuo area was hit by a major flood, and Fubi rescued more than 500,000 victims, and his disaster relief methods were regarded as a model by the whole country.
- Later life: In the second year of Zhihe (1055), Fu Bi was promoted to the rank of Tongzhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi and Jixian Hall Scholar. After Song Yingzong ascended the throne, he was awarded the title of Duke of Qi, and Song Shenzong once entered the title of Duke Zheng Guo, during which Fu Bi repeatedly resigned from high officials on the grounds of foot disease, and he also advised Song Shenzong to identify treachery and evil, and be close to loyalty.
In the fourth year of Xining (1071), Fu Bi was deposed from the position of minister because of his opposition to Wang Anshi's change of law, and his sentence was changed to Ruzhou as a left servant, and he later took advantage of the situation to ask for retirement, and retired to Luoyang as Sikong and Wuning Jiedu envoy and Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi and Korea Gong. During his retirement, Fu Bi still paid attention to the affairs of the imperial court and actively advised.
In August of the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), Fu Bi died at the age of 80 at the age of 80, and the imperial court gave him the title of Tai Lieutenant, and the name was "Wenzhong", and in June of the first year of Yuanyou (1086), Fu Bi was worthy of enjoying the temple court of Song Shenzong.
Fu Bi went through four dynasties in his life, and had outstanding performances in politics, diplomacy and other fields, made important contributions to the stability and development of the Northern Song Dynasty, and was an outstanding politician in the Northern Song Dynasty.
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Second, Fu Bi's idea of being an official is an official:
- Loyalty and patriotism: Fu Bi always put the interests of the country first, whether it was actively admonishing or sending envoys to the Khitan, all in order to maintain the stability and dignity of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the face of the country's crisis, he was able to stand up, such as when he was an envoy to the Khitan, regardless of his personal safety, he fought on the basis of reason, and insisted on the land without ceding it.
- People-oriented: When serving in the local government, he can really care about the well-being of the people, such as in Qingzhou, in the face of floods, actively organize disaster relief, properly resettle the victims, and do not refuse a large influx of victims, showing that he values the lives of the people.
- Honest and honest: Fu Bi is an upright official and does not covet power and property. For example, when Song Yingzong ascended the throne and rewarded his ministers with additional rewards for his own affairs, he kowtowed and thanked him but refused to accept it, believing that if he did not refuse the additional gifts, he would not be able to advise the emperor to avoid exceptions in the future.
3. Influence on future generations:
- Politics: His participation and contributions to the "Qingli New Deal" played a certain role in promoting the political reform of the Northern Song Dynasty, and although the New Deal ultimately failed, it provided experience and lessons for later reforms. He sent many envoys to the Khitan, successfully maintained border peace, stabilized the three-legged situation of the Song, Liao, and Western Xia, and won a peaceful development environment for the Northern Song Dynasty for a long time, and his diplomatic strategies and experience also provided reference for later generations.
- Culture: Fu Bi is the author of Fu Zheng Gongji, etc., which has left a valuable cultural heritage for future generations, and his literary achievements have also contributed to the development of Northern Song Dynasty literature.
Fourth, the main contributions:
- Diplomatic achievements: Sent to the Khitan, under the difficult diplomatic situation, with excellent diplomatic skills and firm stand, refused to cede land, eased relations with the Khitan by increasing the annual currency, avoided the outbreak of war, and maintained the territorial integrity and border security of the country.
- Political Reform: Actively participated in the "Qingli New Deal" and put forward a series of political ideas and reform measures, although the New Deal was not completely successful, it provided a useful exploration for the reform and development of the political system in the Northern Song Dynasty.
- Model of disaster relief: The disaster relief measures taken during his tenure in Qingzhou, such as the scattered resettlement of disaster victims, the organization of officials to manage the districts, the persuasion of wealthy households to donate grain, and the opening of warehouses to release grain, not only saved a large number of disaster victims, but also provided effective methods and experience for future generations to deal with disasters, and his disaster relief methods are regarded as models by the whole country.
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5. Fu Bi made an important contribution to defusing the tensions between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia, and the following are relevant examples:
- Sent an envoy to the Liao State and used the Song-Liao relationship to balance the Western Xia: In the second year of the Qingli reign of Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty (1042), the Song army was successively defeated by the Western Xia, and the Liao State took advantage of the fire to loot and sent an envoy to the Northern Song Dynasty to claim the land of Guannan. Fu Bi was ordered to send an envoy to Liao in danger. The negotiations between Song and Liao were extremely arduous, and Fu Bi traveled between the two countries, successively interviewed Liao Xingzong four times, and Liu Liufu, the Liao envoy, made frequent moves.
He had insight into the relationship between the Song and Liao, and carried out a "sand table deduction" from the perspective of Liao Xingzong, pointing out that the peace of nearly 40 years after the Tanyuan alliance benefited the Liao State, and if the war was lightly started, even if the Liao State won, most of the benefits would belong to the subordinates.
During the negotiations, Fu Bi not only fought for "Lizi" on the basis of reason, but also tried his best to maintain the dignity of the Song Dynasty and "save face". He successively politely rejected Liao's proposal for a marriage between the two countries, and insisted on rejecting the mention of "offering New Year's silver" and "accepting New Year's silver". Eventually, the Liao gave up their land claims to the Northern Song Dynasty, which affected the stability of the Liaoxia alliance to a certain extent, and indirectly eased the tension between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia.
- Promote the Song-Xia Peace Conference: In the fourth year of Qingli (1044), the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia reached the "Qingli Peace Conference". In this process, Fu Bi, as an important official of the Northern Song Dynasty, actively participated in the negotiation and decision-making of the peace conference.
The peace treaty stipulated that Western Xia would be a vassal to Song and cancel the emperor's title, and Yuan Hao accepted Song's title and called Xia the lord; The generals, soldiers, and households captured by both sides in the Song-Xia War will no longer be returned to each other; The two sides returned the fugitives to each other; During the Song-Xia War, the territory of the Song Dynasty occupied by the Western Xia and other border areas of the Han Dynasty belonged to the Song Dynasty, and both sides could build their own castles on their own territory; The Song Dynasty gave Western Xia silver, silk, tea and other materials every year.
The "Qingli Peace Conference" ended the large-scale war between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia, maintained peace and stability on the border between the two sides for a long time, and created conditions for the economic development and cultural exchanges between the two countries.
6. Fu Bi's ways to resolve the tension between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia mainly include:
- Diplomacy: Fu Bi used his thorough knowledge of the relationship between the Song, Liao, and Western Xia to skillfully use the power of the Liao State to counterbalance the Western Xia. At that time, there was a certain alliance between the Liao State and the Western Xia, and Fu Bi sent an envoy to the Liao State, and in the negotiations with the Liao State, he successfully rejected the request of the Liao State to cede land, and maintained the peace between the Song and Liao States by increasing the annual currency. At the same time, he also made the Liao state aware that the growing strength of the Western Xia might pose a threat to the Liao state itself, thus affecting the stability of the Liaoxia alliance to a certain extent, and indirectly easing the tension between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia.
- Insight into the situation: Recognizing that the Western Xia were "growing stronger", he pointed out that the Liao had benefited greatly from the peace of the nearly forty years after the Tanyuan Alliance, and that if the war was lightly started, even if the Liao State won the war, most of the benefits would go to his subordinates, that is, those who advocated the use of troops. Therefore, he sharply reminded Liao Xingzong that once the peace was broken, no matter whether he won or lost, it was always the king of Liao who would suffer in the end.
7. Fu Bi's political ideas had an important impact on the Northern Song Dynasty in many ways:
- Diplomacy: Fu Bi advocates flexible diplomacy to safeguard national interests and stabilize the surrounding situation. For example, in the face of unreasonable demands such as the Liao State's claim for land in Guannan, he sent an envoy to the Liao State, relying on his deep insight into the situation and excellent diplomatic rhetoric, and fought on the basis of reason, which not only avoided the crisis of land cession, but also maintained the peace between the Song and Liao Dynasty by increasing the number of years of coins, and won a relatively stable external environment for the Northern Song Dynasty, so that the Northern Song Dynasty could focus more on domestic development.
At the same time, he also recognized the threat of Western Xia, and through a series of diplomatic measures and political wisdom, he eased the tension between the Northern Song Dynasty and Western Xia to a certain extent, contributing to the tranquility of the border.
- In terms of internal affairs: Fu Bi and Fan Zhongyan jointly implemented the Qingli New Deal, advocating the reform of government administration, the rectification of the army, and the development of the economy. Although the Qingli New Deal ultimately failed because it touched the interests of the big bureaucracy, it laid a certain ideological foundation and practical experience for the later reforms of the Northern Song Dynasty, alleviated social contradictions to a certain extent, and played a positive role in promoting the political and economic development of the Northern Song Dynasty. For example, in the reform, they tried to conduct strict evaluations of officials in order to improve the quality and administrative efficiency of the official ranks, which had a certain positive significance for improving the political ecology of the Northern Song Dynasty.
8. Fubi has the following positive influences on cultural development:
- Promoting the development of education: The Qingli New Deal advocated by him, Fan Zhongyan and others included the emphasis on education and the reform of the imperial examination, which played a role in promoting the development of culture and education at that time, promoted the improvement of social and cultural standards, and cultivated more talents for the prosperity of culture.
- Advocating Literature to Carry the Tao: Fu Bi himself had certain literary attainments, and his thoughts and works also influenced the literary atmosphere of the time to a certain extent, encouraging literati to express their concerns and thoughts on social reality through articles, which played a certain guiding role in the development of literature in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In short, Fu Bi was an important figure in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his contributions were mainly reflected in politics, diplomacy and other fields, and also played a positive role in promoting the development of Northern Song Dynasty culture.
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9. Practical significance:
- Diplomatic Wisdom: The wisdom, courage, and firmness displayed by Fu Bi in diplomacy are still instructive for today's diplomatic work. In international exchanges, it is necessary to uphold the supremacy of national interests, be good at using wisdom and tactics, resolve disputes and contradictions through peaceful negotiations and other means, and safeguard national sovereignty and dignity.
- People-oriented thinking: Based on the people-oriented concept of being an official, he reminded modern leading cadres to always put the interests of the people in the first place, care about the people's weal and woe, earnestly solve the practical problems of the people, and serve the people wholeheartedly.
- Honesty and integrity: Fubi's integrity and integrity have set an example for public officials, emphasizing that they should be honest and honest in their work, not seek personal gain, and maintain good ethics and professionalism, which is of great significance for the construction of a clean government and the purification of social atmosphere.
10. Fubi has an important position in history, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Political:
- An important promoter of the Qingli New Deal: Fu Bi and Fan Zhongyan advocated and implemented the "Qingli New Deal", and proposed a series of reform measures in response to the political, economic, and military problems faced by the Northern Song Dynasty at that time, such as rectifying the rule of officials, strengthening military equipment, and developing production.
- Outstanding Diplomat: Fu Bi played a key role in the Song's complex relationship with the Liao and Western Xia. Especially in the face of the diplomatic crisis of the Liao State's claim to the land of Guannan, he was ordered to send an envoy to the Liao State, with his outstanding diplomatic skills and firm position, and the Khitan lord argued with the reason, successfully rejected the request for land cession, and only maintained the peace of the Song and Liao Dynasty by increasing the number of years, so that the two countries did not fight again for decades, and won a relatively stable external environment for the Northern Song Dynasty, showing his extraordinary diplomatic wisdom and courage, and his diplomatic strategy and practice had an important impact on the foreign policy of the Northern Song Dynasty.
- Have the style of a minister: During his time as an official, he actively advised, repeatedly spoke extremely and gave advice, boldly criticized current affairs, and put forward reasonable opinions and plans for the court in many aspects such as personnel employment, military deployment, and handling of internal affairs according to the actual situation, for example, when Li Yuanhao of Western Xia was proclaimed emperor and asked the Northern Song Dynasty to recognize his legal status, he played the "Eight Matters of Western Xia", and put forward suggestions including beheading the Western Xia envoys to raise the prestige of the country, conscripting troops from all directions, requisitioning the treasury for military purposes, reducing taxes and implementing benevolent government, etc., showing his loyalty and responsibility, and the history said" There is the wind of a minister".
- Outstanding political achievements: He also had outstanding performances in local positions, such as when the Heshuo area was hit by a major flood, Fu Bi actively organized disaster relief and rescued more than 500,000 victims, and his disaster relief methods were regarded as a model by the whole country, reflecting his excellent governance ability and care for the people.
- Moral Cultivation:
- Honest and honest: Fu Bi was honest and honest all his life, lived a frugal life, he was not good at luxury, paid attention to moral cultivation, and was a model and respected in the officialdom at that time.
- Filial piety and respect: He is very filial by nature, speaks respectfully to others, treats even low-ranking officials and ordinary people with courtesy, and treats others with equality and respect.
- Good and jealous of evil: Fu Bi is good and jealous of evil, and this distinct moral stance reflects his integrity and adherence to justice.
- Literature: Fu Bi is the author of works such as "Fu Zheng Gongji", which left a certain amount of literary wealth for later generations and also has a certain status in the literary history of the Northern Song Dynasty.
In general, Fu Bi successively served as Song Renzong, Yingzong, and Shenzong, and had outstanding performance and important contributions in politics, diplomacy, morality and literature, and was an outstanding politician and writer in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, which had a profound impact on the historical development of the Northern Song Dynasty and was admired and praised by future generations.
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11. Historical evaluation of Fubi:
Fu Bi was an outstanding politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and he had outstanding performance in politics and diplomacy in the three dynasties of Song Renzong, Yingzong and Shenzong, and later generations spoke highly of him, the following are some specific aspects:
- Political Aptitude:
- Promoter of the Qingli New Deal: Fu Bi and Fan Zhongyan jointly implemented the "Qingli New Deal", put forward a number of current political proposals, advocating the elimination of malpractices, although the New Deal eventually failed due to framing, but it reflected his active efforts and profound insights into the country's political reform, showing his far-sighted political vision and courageous spirit of innovation.
- Have the style of a minister: During his time as an official, he actively admonished, repeatedly spoke extremely and boldly criticized current affairs. For example, when Li Yuanhao of the Western Xia Dynasty was proclaimed emperor and demanded that the Northern Song Dynasty recognize his legal status, he played the "Eight Matters of the Western Xia", and put forward suggestions including beheading the Western Xia envoys to promote the prestige of the country, conscripting troops from all directions, requisitioning the treasury money for military purposes, reducing taxes, and implementing benevolent government. In many aspects such as the use of personnel in the imperial court, military deployment, and handling of internal affairs, he was able to put forward reasonable opinions and plans according to the actual situation, showing his loyalty and responsibility, and was known as "the style of a minister" in history.
- Diplomatic achievements:
- Envoy to Liao, Fulfilling His Mission: Fu Bi played an important role in the complex relationship between the Song and the Liao and Western Xia. In the second year of Qingli (1042), the Liao State took advantage of the Western Xia attack on the Song Dynasty and sent an envoy to the Song Dynasty to demand the return of the land in Guannan. In the face of Liao Xingzong's questioning and threats, he had a clear mind and fought with reason one by one, not only pointing out that the Northern Song Dynasty's troops were guarding against Western Xia and had nothing to do with Liao, but also emphasized that the issue of land ownership in Guannan was complex and that the previous covenant should be observed, and also analyzed the different effects of war on the Liao monarch and ministers, showing that although the Song Dynasty cherished peace, it was not afraid of war.
In the end, he successfully rejected the request of the Liao State to cede land, and only maintained the peace between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao State by increasing the annual coin, so that the Song and Liao countries did not fight again for decades, and the border was peaceful.
- Moral Cultivation:
- Honest and honest: Fu Bi was honest and honest all his life, lived a frugal life, he was not good at luxury, paid attention to moral cultivation, and was a model and respected in the officialdom at that time.
- Filial piety and respect: He is very filial by nature, speaks respectfully to others, treats even low-ranking officials and ordinary people with courtesy, and treats others with equality and respect.
- Good and jealous of evil: Fu Bi is good and jealous of evil, and this distinct moral stance reflects his integrity and adherence to justice.
- Literary contributions: Fu Bi is the author of works such as "Fu Zheng Gongji", which left a certain amount of literary wealth for later generations.
On the whole, Fu Bi left a strong mark in the history of the Northern Song Dynasty with his outstanding political ability, outstanding diplomatic achievements, noble moral cultivation and certain literary contributions, and was admired and praised by later generations.
Historically, Fu Bi has a high evaluation, he has served as Song Renzong, Yingzong, and Shenzong three dynasties, at the beginning of the official, repeatedly extremely admonished, boldly criticized the current politics; and sent many envoys to the Liao Dynasty to live up to his mission; Later, he and Fan Zhongyan proposed a new policy to protect the country and benefit the people. In his later years, he obstructed Wang Anshi's reform of the law, said that he was sick and retired, and he was worthy of being an outstanding politician in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty. Fu Bi was an honest official, with political talent and foresight, and also showed outstanding wisdom and talent in diplomacy, making important contributions to the stability and development of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Attached:
1. The relationship between Fu Bi and Yan Shu:
It's a son-in-law relationship. Yan Shu admired Fu Bi's talent and married his daughter to him.
2. The relationship between Fu Bi and Fan Zhongyan:
Fu Bi and Fan Zhongyan have a close relationship. Fan Zhongyan has the grace of knowing Fu Bi, in the early years of the Heavenly Sage, Fan Zhongyan has achieved fame, after reading Fu Bi's article, he admires it very much, thinking that he will be successful in the future, and is very concerned about Fu Bi's studies.
In the fifth year of Tiansheng, Fu Bi failed in the examination of the Ministry of Rites, and after Fan Zhongyan learned of the edict issued by Song Renzong to restore the virtuous and good Fangzheng and other subjects, he specially sent people to chase him and persuade him to return to Beijing to take the exam. Fu Bi was discouraged at first and did not want to take the exam, but out of respect for Fan Zhongyan, he eventually returned to Jingshi. Fan Zhongyan also recommended Fu Bi to go up and find a place for him to review.
In the end, Fu Bi ranked first in the eighth year of the Heavenly Sage with Mao Cai. Fan Zhong was drowning outside, and praised Fu Bi more than once for having "Wang Zuo's talent, the prime minister's weapon", and also recommended Fu Bi's article to Yan Shu, who was the middle of the imperial history at the time, which contributed to the marriage of Fu Bi and Yan Shu's daughter. The two of them also had similar ideas and pursuits in politics, and both were committed to the reform and development of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Fu Bi, whose name is Yanguo, was a native of Luoyang, Henan (now Luoyangdong, Henan), and a famous minister and writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. Although he is not known as a calligrapher, his calligraphy works have been handed down.
3. The characteristics of Fu Bi's calligraphy art are as follows:
- Many teachers: His calligraphy came from the two kings (Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi), but he was not confined to one family, and was also influenced by Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing, Yang Ningshi, and Li Jianzhong.
- Feel free with your pen: Feel at ease with your pen and have your own unique style, such as the feeling of blowing the breeze in "Wen Tang Tiao".
- Stroke characteristics: sharp cut pen into the paper, the middle side of the line pen is used together, the lifting is clear, and the change of light and weight is more obvious. For example, in "Son's Post", the word "thing" is horizontal and vertical, and the word "sex" is horizontal and vertical; Skimming and stretching, the feet are heavier, the strokes are natural, and the sense of decoration is stronger.
- Knot style: The frame of the "Son's Post" is tight and slightly horizontal, forming the characteristics of tight inside and loose outside, and at the same time to the upper right side. For example, the left half of the word "Jiao" has light strokes, and the right side has thicker ink and more solid strokes; The word "blunt" is the opposite.
Fu Bi's hand-me-down calligraphy works include "Wen Mandarin Post" and "Son Post". Among them, "Son's Post" was sold for 4.62 million yuan at the Beijing Hanhai Spring Auction on June 19, 2005. The post is only 5 lines and 44 words, and the content is: "The son is endowed with recklessness, and he will never do anything more." The old man of Jingshi rarely knows each other, and he frequently asks to see, and he is very fortunate to be very fortunate to give advice one by one. This is also begging. Bi again. Translation: My son is stupid and sluggish by nature, and he has rarely experienced social training. I have very few close friends in Beijing, so I asked him to visit you often, hoping that he would give him more advice on everything, and I am grateful. Please read this letter and burn it.
"Fu Bi's Precious Family Letter"
In the long river of history, there are always some casual moments that have achieved eternal legends. Fu Bi, an official in the Song Dynasty, left a strong mark in the annals of history with his outstanding political ability and moral demeanor. And a letter to his family that was almost burned gives us a glimpse of the different style of this ancient.
Knowing that his son was stupid and inexperienced in society, he wrote a letter to his friend with high expectations. The letter was sincere, full of worries and expectations for his son's growth. At the end of the letter, he deliberately wrote, "This is also begging", hoping that his friend would burn it after reading the letter. However, for some reason, my friend did not do so, and this letter was fortunately handed down.
Fu Bi is very accomplished in calligraphy, and this family letter has become one of his few calligraphy works. Its font is dignified and atmospheric, the pen is vigorous, and each stroke seems to tell the wisdom and emotional sustenance of Fubi's life. At an auction in 2005, the letter sold for a whopping 4.62 million. This figure is not only an affirmation of the artistic value of this family letter, but also a respect for the historical figure Fu Bi.
This letter carries the depth and heaviness of father's love. Fu Bi's love for his son, through thousands of years, can still touch our hearts. It also shows us the sincere friendship between the ancients, although the friend did not burn the letter as required, but this friendship is more precious under the witness of history. At the same time, this letter also provides valuable information for us to study the art of calligraphy and social features in the Song Dynasty.
Fu Bi's letter, which was almost burned, is like a bright pearl, shining with a unique light in the sky of history. It allows us to appreciate the wisdom, emotion and artistic charm of the ancients, and also inspires us to cherish and inherit those precious historical and cultural heritages.
(The picture comes from the Internet.) It is not easy to create, please do not infringe. ）