Satellite to see "South Water" Runmin Ten Years丨"South Water" Run "Pearl" Baer's Pochard "Walking Baby" in Baiyangdian
Interview location
The middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is located in Xiong'an New Area, Hebei Province
Water condition
By the end of 2023, the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has provided more than 156 million cubic meters of water to urban life and industry in Xiong'an New Area, and 850 million cubic meters of ecological water replenishment.
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The lower tip of the nine rivers, the pearl of North China.
Once upon a time, with the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the rapid increase in the population of Dianzhong Village, Baiyangdian, the largest freshwater lake in the North China Plain, had a sharp reduction in water area, and the water quality was reduced to five inferior categories.
On June 7, 2014, there was only sporadic water surface on Yannan Dike. Image source: Gaofen Hubei Center
On April 1, 2017, the news of the establishment of Xiong'an New Area was publicly released. The ecological restoration of Baiyangdian Lake has become a key part of the construction of Xiong'an New Area.
In 2018, the "South Water" rushed to Baiyangdian Lake together with the water of the Yellow River and the reservoir.
After large-scale systematic ecological management, the water quality of Baiyangdian Lake has achieved a historic leap, and has been maintained at the three types of standards for three consecutive years, and has entered the ranks of good lakes in the country.
"Before the establishment of Xiong'an New Area, for a long time, Baiyangdian was about to be swallowed up by purse seine nets, barrage nets, and cages for fish farming." As a native of Dianzhong, Zhao Aile, deputy secretary of the Party branch of Dadiantou Village, Duancun Town, Anxin County, once witnessed the madness of Baiyangdian's "three-net farming".
"On the originally empty water, fishing nets are endless, and the cages are densely packed, leaving only a long, crooked and narrow passage for boats. Viewed from the air, Baiyangdian Lake looks like a broken mirror. Zhao Aile said.
In 2019, Baiyangdian comprehensively cleaned up the "three networks". In Dadiantou Village, it took 9 days to uproot more than 500 wooden piles with the thickness of the bowl mouth, and dismantle more than 300 acres of fishing nets, more than 130 cages and 3 embankments.
To Zhao Aile's delight, there was no resistance to the dismantling of the net, and many villagers spontaneously dismantled it. "Every time I demolish it, I feel that the original ecological appearance of Baiyangdian Lake is being restored little by little." Zhao Aile said.
Over the past 7 years, Xiong'an New Area has made great efforts to withdraw from 741 aquaculture sites in the lake; 567 polluted fish ponds; The comprehensive treatment of sewage, garbage and toilets in Dianbian villages in Dianzhong has been implemented, and the domestic sewage treatment in non-Lindian villages has been implemented, and the rural sewage treatment rate has exceeded 96%.
"Baiyangdian is finally 'reunited'!" Zhao Aile couldn't hide her joy.
On June 3, 2024, Yannan Embankment was rippling with blue waves, and the water and sky were colorful. Image source: Gaofen Hubei Center
On September 21, strolling along Yannan Embankment, tourists came and went.
Yannan Dike is located in the north of Baiyangdian Lake in the burning car lake. In the past, the area of Yaochedian was seriously swamped, the lake was degraded, the water flow was not smooth, the water body was black and smelly, and the reeds were not connected.
"It's easy for fishermen to dismantle the fence and collect the nets, but the restoration of the Baiyangdian water body is not a day's work." Zhou Lizhi, head of the water environment management team of the Ecological Environment Bureau of Xiong'an New Area, said that before the establishment of Xiong'an New Area, Baiyangdian Lake District was seriously encroached upon by production and life, with a water level of only 6.5 meters, and the water quality was lower than that of surface water.
Open up the "external circulation" and let the water increase.
In April 2018, the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project implemented 100 million cubic meters of ecological water replenishment to Baiyangdian. Baiyangdian has established a multi-source water replenishment mechanism, with a cumulative water inflow of more than 7 billion cubic meters, the water level of the lake area is maintained at about 7 meters, and the area of the lake area has been restored to about 300 square kilometers.
Restore internal motivation and bring water to life.
Zhang Qiang, a cadre of China Xiongan Group Ecological Construction Investment Co., Ltd., once served as the person in charge of the Yannan Dike project. "In order to reduce the impact on the water quality and ecology of the lake area, ecological dredging was chosen to be carried out in winter." Zhang Qiang introduced that in the cold winter, the lake water froze, and the construction personnel first broke the ice and then cleaned up the silt. During the construction, the three-level ecological enclosure of geotextiles, trash barriers and steel sheet piles was adopted, and the supervision and monitoring of unmanned aerial vehicles and water quality online monitors were strengthened to prevent sludge and sewage from mixing into the lake.
From the winter of 2022 to the spring of 2023, relying on the excavation of the fourth phase of dredging channel, Yannan Dike absorbed 270,000 cubic meters of sediment. "The silt was not wasted, and when the Yannan embankment was built, the terraces were created, the islands were filled, and the greenery was planted for fertilizer." Zhang Qiang said.
"The water is clear and the shore is green, and the lotus flowers are in patches, and everyone likes to come for a walk and play." Wei Jingmei, a commentator of Yannan Embankment, said that Yannan Embankment was opened to the public in April this year, planting tens of thousands of trees and covering an area of more than 100 hectares, becoming a beautiful landscape of Baiyangdian waterfront shoreline.
Up to now, Xiong'an New Area has successively implemented four phases of ecological dredging, with a total of more than 2,300 cubic meters of dredging and dredging earthwork; The "Baidian Connection" project was carried out, about 95 kilometers of water channels were dredged, and about 74 square kilometers of farmland was returned to the lake.
"After the comprehensive treatment of 'internal sparse and external transfer', the obstruction and 'toxin' accumulated over the years have been removed, the hydrodynamic force has been restored, and the water environment has been improved." Zhou Lizhi said.
On September 21, I walked into the bird monitoring station of Anxin County, and the intelligent monitoring of bird habitat in Baiyangdian "one screen view of the whole lake". Through the remote telephoto high-definition camera, the black water pheasant on the Bird Island of Kuozheng Garden, the pond heron in the upper section of Dazhuliang, and the pheasant chicks on the Yuanfei Lotus Garden Bird Watching Platform are foraging, diving, or resting, which is a harmonious picture of "ten thousand types competing for freedom".
"Look! Baer's Pochard! At 5:24 p.m., Zhang Xinrui, an inspector at the Bird Monitoring Station in Anxin County, Xiong'an New District, switched the big screen to Qingyang Bird Island and found a large group of Baer's Pochard piling up on the aquatic grass to feed, about forty or fifty.
Baer's Pochard is a national first-class protected animal, known as the "giant panda among birds", and has extremely high environmental requirements.
Zhang Xinrui introduced that in 2018, Baiyangdian observed the traces of Baer's Pochard for the first time. In July 2022, Baer's Pochard brooding was observed for the first time, and a mother duck walked in the middle of the lake with a group of duck babies, and the shape was cute. In January this year, 378 Baer's Pochard were observed in a simultaneous survey, reaching the highest value in the past few years, and Baiyangdian has become the habitat, feeding ground and breeding ground of Baer's Pochard.
Whether the ecological environment is good or not, birds "vote" with their wings. As of June 2024, there are 13 species of wild birds under national first-class protection, 51 species of national second-class protected birds, and 222 species of birds protected by the "three haves" and other birds. The number of bird species has increased from 206 at the beginning of the establishment of Xiong'an New Area to 286 species.
Source: Hubei Daily (Reporter Cui Yuyu, Xu Yingfeng, Liu Tianzong, Yang Qianfan) Hebei Daily (Reporter Cao Zheng, Kang Xiaobo)