"The Biography of the Painter" ~ Part 10
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Sima Shao, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, who lived only twenty-seven years old, and sheikh's Paintings have his name</h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Sima Shao, emperor of the Jin Dynasty (299 – October 18, 325), courtesy name Daoqi, was a native of Wen County, Hanoi (present-day Wen County, Henan). Second emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (reigned 322–325).
Sima Shao, the grandfather of Sima Shao, the Emperor of JinMing, married Xiahou Yuan's great-granddaughter Xiahou Guangji. During the reign of Cao Wei, the Xuanshi Tu (玄石圖) recorded a prophecy that "the cattle would succeed the horse", and Sima Yi was very jealous of the Niu clan for this. There happened to be a warrior named Niu Jin at that time, so Sima Yi poisoned him with a special wine pot. Many years later, Sima Yi's grandson Sima Xiao married Xiahou Shi as a concubine, and Xiahou Shi was a popular person, and hooked up with a small official named "Niu Jin" in the palace and gave birth to Sima Rui. "The cow follows the horse", a proverb.
The father of Sima Shao, the Emperor of Jin Ming, was Sima Rui, and there are two opposing theories in the Book of Jin and the Records of Emperor Yuan, one saying that he was the son of Sima Xiao the Prince of Lang, and the other saying that he was the illegitimate son of Princess Gong and a small official with the surname of Niu in the palace. Later generations jokingly called Sima Rui niu rui, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was already the "Southern Dynasty Jin Niu Clan", which had nothing to do with the Sima family. There is no way to verify whether it is true or not.
Sima Shao, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, was not born well, and as far as his father was concerned, there was no problem at all, his father was Sima Rui, the emperor of Jinyuan, who was the son of Sima Rui's son. The problem of his origin lies in his mother, the mother is the Palace People Xun Clan, the Palace People are also counted, or the Yan People; the Yan People are also counted, or the Yellow-headed Xianbei Slaves. "Yellow-headed xianbei slave" is Wang Dun's scolding of Sima Shao, and it is also the reason for Wang Dun's later rebellion. Wang Dun had rebelled twice, and when the first rebellion was when Sima Rui, the emperor of Jinyuan, was still alive, Sima Rui was killed by Wang Dun. Two years later, the second time I attacked, I found a reason to be so ridiculous and generous.
The second reason for Wang Dun's rebellion was to prepare to convict Sima Shao of filial piety and then depose him on this charge. When Sima Shao was still the crown prince, Wang Dun had played this hand, and he deliberately summoned hundreds of officials and held a meeting, and asked Wen Zhao in a strong voice: "How can Crown Prince He De be commendable?" Wen Zheng said: "The way to govern the country lies in making the country long-term and stable, and these things can be done by people with blind eyes?" To inherit the imperial inheritance and govern the country is great filial piety. As soon as this remark came out, the ministers took sides one after another, all supporting Wen Zhao's opinion.
Sima Shao's epitaph
In fact, at the beginning, Sima Rui did not like Sima Shao very much, because of his mother Xun Shi, Xun Shi, who thought that he was inferior, often harbored resentment, and was jealous of his wife Yu Mengmu. In fact, Sima Rui still spoiled her at the beginning, otherwise, how could he have two sons? Sima Shao, the Emperor of Jin Ming, and Sima Pei, the Evil King of Lang, were both her sons. Xun was eventually expelled from the palace by Sima Rui and married to the common man Ma Mou.
Sima Rui changed his attitude toward Sima Shao because Sima Shao was too clever. When Sima Shao was young, two people sat idly, and when an emissary from Chang'an came, Sima Rui asked his son, "Tell me, which is farther away than the sun in the sky and Chang'an?" Sima Shao said, "Of course, the sun is far away, and I have never heard of anyone coming from the sun, so we can know it." Sima Rui was stunned, this child is too smart. The next day, at a banquet, Sima Rui called out his son, wanted to get a moment in front of everyone, and asked him, which is closest to the sun and Chang'an? Sima Shao replied, "The sun is near." When Sima Rui heard this, he was not happy, how did this child get confused? Just ask him, "Didn't you say that yesterday?" Sima Shao said, "When you look up, you can see the sun, but you can't see Chang'an." Sima Rui was completely stunned, and when he woke up, he hugged him and laughed happily. Since then, I feel that he is a strange boy and love him very much.
After Wang Dun's first rebellion, he also studied in Wuchang and remotely controlled the government, so that Sima Rui and his imperial court became a decoration. A few months later, Sima Rui, the Emperor of Jinyuan, was killed alive by Wang Dun. Succeeding him to the throne was the well-behaved Sima Shao, could Sima Shao deal with Wang Dun? The following year, Wang Dun hinted that Sima Shao summoned himself to the dynasty, and Sima Shao immediately summoned Wang Dun with his hand. Sima Shao has a number, and Wang Dun will rebel.
Sure enough, Wang Shu and Wang Dao came to find Sima Shao. It turned out that Wang Yunzhi, the general of Wuwei who was the son of Wang Shu of Jingzhou, was very much loved by Wang Dun, who was his cousin, and Wang Yunzhi often followed Wang Dun. Once, Wang Dun and Qian Feng drank together, Wang Yunzhi pretended to be drunk, said that he was drunk and fell, heard that they were discussing the usurpation of the throne, Wang Yunzhi learned about it, under the pretext of going to see his father Wang Shu, who was then serving as a court lieutenant in the middle of the dynasty, and after returning to Beijing, he reported the situation of their conspiracy to his father, wang Shu thought that the matter was serious, and told Wang Dao. Therefore, Wang Dao and Wang Shu reported to Emperor Ming of Jin together.
Sima Shao was very clever, quick in judging things, and especially understood things. As soon as he ascended the throne, he knew that Wang Dun's contradictions could not be reconciled, so he promoted Wang Dao to balance his cousin, and Wang Dao remembered the tragic situation that when his cousin first rebelled, the whole family was waiting for sin at noon every day, and this time, he resolutely supported Sima Shao. Sima Shao knew that since the beginning of the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, there had been years of wars and famine. The total population of the country is less than half of what it was before the Eight Kings Rebellion, no one is engaged in production, the population of Yongjia moving south is about 500,000, and the total population of the south reached 10.5 million in the early Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the population of the entire area south of the Yangtze River (including remote Guangdong and Yunnan) is only more than the current Suzhou. At the end of 2017, the permanent population of Suzhou was 10.684 million. As a result, the country is empty, the society is withered, and the state affairs are extremely difficult.
In order to eliminate the great evil, Sima Shao took the throne and actively prepared the protective work of The Jingshi Jiankang in case of an accident. In June of the first year of Taining, Wang Dun raised his troops to march to the Beijing Division, and after Sima Shao, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, learned of this, Weifu went to Wang Dun's garrison at Yuhu (Wuhu) and did a reconnaissance around the camp, and his special blond hair attracted the attention of the rebels, and immediately ran to report to Wang Dun. Wang Dun said, "The yellow-bearded xianbei slave has come." Wang Dun immediately sent someone to pursue and kill him. Sima Shao, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, also encountered horse-drawn dung on the way to the horse, and the Jin Ming Emperor poured cold water on it. He gave his horse whip, which was studded with seven kinds of gems, to the old woman of the hotel and said to her, "There are cavalry in the back who come to ask me, but show them the whip." When the cavalry caught up, the man had gone far, only a lump of cold, and a seven-treasure whip. The soldier estimated that the man had gone far, so he had to go back to his life.
In July of that year, Sima Shao successfully defeated Wang Dun's subordinates and quelled Wang Dun's rebellion in one fell swoop. After Wang Dun's rebellion was settled, Sima Shao ordered that Wang Dun's officials and subordinates should no longer be blamed. It was only one thing that Ying Zhan was sent as the Assassin of Jiangzhou, Liu Xi as the Assassin of Xuzhou, Tao Kan as the Assassin of Jingzhou, and Wang Shu as the Assassin of Xiangzhou, completely eliminating the situation of occupying the prefectures with the clan of the Langya Wang clan, thus ending the awkward relationship of "the king and the horse, the whole world".
Sima Shao, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, had a literary talent and martial strategy, and at that time, with Wang Dunxuan and Zhou Xuan, deliberately raised him into evil, so that the people of the world wanted to curse him and then quickly. He was also able to use the weak to control the strong, concentrate on plotting, and take the opportunity to make a decision to eliminate the big murderers; Sima Shao was extremely filial to people, and after his mother married Ma, he was not ashamed and often went to visit her. After ma's death, he built a church for his mother and raised his mother; he respected and loved guests, and liked to paint articles. From Wang Dao and Yu Liang to Wen Zhao, Huan Yi, Ruan Fang, etc., they were all close to him.
Sima Shao asked Wen Zhao, "What was the reason for the unification of the world by the previous generation?" At that time, Wang Dao was present, and before He could wait for Wen Zhao to answer, Wang Dao rushed to reply: "Wen Yao is young and unfamiliar with the past of this dynasty, please allow your subjects to explain for Your Majesty." Wang Dao recounted how Sima Yi, the Emperor of Jin, had exterminated prestigious families, how he had favored and cultivated private individuals, and how Sima Zhao had killed Cao And seized the world. After Sima Shao heard this, he covered his face and crouched down on the bed and said, "If so, can the Jin Dynasty last long?" Wang Dao said, "Look at Your Majesty." ”
A month before his death, Sima Shao was still actively reconciling the contradictions between the overseas Chinese clan in the north and the scholars in the south, and the contradictions between the warrior clans on both sides had been very sharp since the founding of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the Ming Emperor Sima Shao, in order to stabilize the regime of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, issued an edict saying: "Wu Shi will be a sage of the name, have the ability to cultivate family training, be loyal to filial piety and benevolence, be quiet and keep to the truth, and do not listen to the times, and those who are not aware of the times are in urgent need of fame and should not be left behind." He was afraid that the story told by Wang Dao would repeat itself, so he wanted to break the boundaries between the warrior clans and try to mediate the contradictions between the northern and southern clans, so as not to exclude and suppress the southern clans.
Sima Shao was a ming lord of a generation and a rare emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. During the Wang Dun Rebellion, he did not contact others and froze the pursuit of Wang Dun's henchmen. The Wang Dun Rebellion did not involve successive killings, and the price paid by the entire south was relatively small. Sima Shao handled it properly and won the support of the clan and the people. For a time, Jiangdong was full of talents, and they all defected to Sima Shao. However, Sima Shao only lived for twenty-seven years, and his son Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jincheng, only lived for twenty-two years.
Sima Shaoneng is good at painting, and in the Chunhua Ge Ti, there is the "Tomb Post" of Sima Shao, the Emperor of the Jin Dynasty. In his Paintings, Sheikh listed Sima Shao as the fifth item, saying that he was "a little more than a variety of things, but quite a spirit." The handwriting is transcendent, but there are also wonders.".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Lu Xiuhui's original works, please indicate the author. Welcome to forward sharing, do not use it for business, violators will be punished! </h1>
Lu Xiuhui works