"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 227th article
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Cheng Jiaxuan white all his life, floating out of things, a lifetime of hardship for life, but unswerving! </h1>
Text/Lo Ka Fai
Cheng Jiaxuan (1565~1643) was a Ming Dynasty calligrapher, painter and poet. The character Mengyang, the number Songyuan, 偈庵, also known as Songyuan Old Man, Songyuan Daoren, 偈庵居士, 偈庵老老人, 偈庵道人. In his later years, he converted to Buddhism and was given the name Hai Neng. Nanzhi was a native of Xiuning County,Huizhou (present-day Xiuning, Anhui).
Cheng Jiafu, although his name was "Mr. Jiading Si", was actually a native of Xiuning County, the capital of Huizhou (present-day Xiuning, Anhui). His grandfather Cheng Rong and father Cheng Yanshou both engaged in business, and Cheng Yanshou defected to his uncle Li Rujie in Nanxiang, Jiading, in his youth, and later settled in Jiading, and married Jiading's wife Zhang Shi, "Jia Yu Jiading For Thirty Years" (Ming Wang Shizhen's "Epitaph of The New An Cheng Jun"). Anhui merchants are longer than going south and breaking into the north, and are known as Huishang merchants. Cheng Jiazhuan is the son of Huishang, and Cheng Jiaxuan also has jiading genes on his body. He said in the poem "Entering the Left Monastery of the Temple, Obeying the Curve Path and Looking Up at the Cliff End of the High Xuan":
The monk's room is high and low, and the closed door is idle.
The yang tree is a quiet path, and the yin cliff is closed.
Zhou Yuan is like a stream at the bottom, and the sparse green is between the windows.
If there is someone in the window, it is difficult to climb the sound.
At the far end of the horizon, the trees see the front bay.
After the daytime mountain, there is no good moon lake.
Thinking about when this will come makes me feel comfortable.
Cheng Jia was born in Jiading and spent his childhood in his hometown of Changhan Mountain. In the huishang model, wives and children stay in their hometowns, husbands are outside the business, and the roots cannot be broken. When Cheng Jiazhuan was 9 years old, his mother Zhang Shi died of illness, and Cheng Jiaxuan returned to Jiading's father's side. When he was 14 years old, his father sent him to pay homage to Xu Xuemo, the rebbe shangshu who was idle at home, to learn the scriptures, and to study with Tang Shisheng, Jin Zhaodeng and other classmates. When Cheng Jiaxuan was 19 years old, he married a Jiading woman, Min Shi. In the twelfth year of the Wanli Calendar (1584), when he was 20 years old, he participated in the county examination and was named Sun Shan, and he never wanted to start a career.
Cheng Jiaxuan was poor because of "young and everything", did not do anything to produce and operate, and had no fixed place to live, often trapped in the worries of Dou Chu, although he "wanted to raise children and grandchildren and build up the character hills" at night, but he did nothing all year round, busy for a year, and when he returned, it was already an empty bag, "Guitang has been exhausted". Cheng Jiaxuan changed his habits several times in his life and has been sending people to the fence.
In the thirty-fourth year of the Wanli Calendar (1606), he "migrated to the Gong clan house"; in February of the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), "from Xin'an to Jiading, Juxiang Floating Pavilion"; his friend Xu Zhaoji wanted to live in the northern garden because Cheng Jiaxuan "did not have a place to live" in the north garden. He said in "Sending Li Changsu to the North":
Sentser Yukiyuki, 1st term Nobokita tsuto.
Jiaoling should end up at night, and Jiang Guang washes the moon dew.
The other side is full of miles, and the words are two different ways.
The county is not crossed, and the round scenery has been surplus.
Tiger Mountain is also clear, and the heart appreciates and admires.
Away from the self-less huan, Chen Traces are in many places.
Xi You is red-faced, and the double-collared Russian quilt is vegetarian.
For a hundred years, it was wrong to be wrong.
Two
The heart is always lazy, and the tip is eternal.
I give away my son as I want, but I do not say anything about it.
Between the north and the south, who can not be ashamed.
Praise the name of the person, and Dashi advises him to reflect deeply.
Chisel fang I measure myself, and the strong man is a gallop.
Kang Lufang is more than worried, and the embarrassing steps are also thinking neatly.
With the son still has a heart, Hu can be placed in the shadow.
In February of the 40th year of the Wanli Calendar (1612), Cheng Jiaxuan returned to Jiading from Wuchang in the same boat as Changshu Qu Shiyun, still living in the Mat Towel Building in the south of the city. He has no meritorious name, no occupation, and no legitimate income, is a typical "three no personnel", he is in Jiading, sometimes living in the mat towel building adjacent to the confucius temple, which was originally the residence of Wang Mingji; sometimes lived in the Tang Family Garden in the north city, which is the residence of the famous tang Shisheng. Friends know that his fall is not easy, and they all take good care of him.
He traveled to other places and basically lived in the Pad House when he returned to Jiading. In the autumn of the forty years of the Wanli Calendar, to the spring of the fifth year of Chongzhen, for twenty years, he lived in the Mat Towel Building in the south of the city. In the forty-second year of the Wanli Calendar (1614), Cheng Jiaxuan sat in the Fangji Kang family in Yangzhou, and when the museum was in Yangzhou, his home was still in Jiading's residence. In the forty-sixth year of the Wanli Calendar (1618), the Anhui people Fang Youdu became an official in the Shangdang and recruited Cheng Jiashai to go to help idle, before and after the calendar for seven years. When he went to Shangdang, he was accompanied only by his three sons, ShiDi. He was in a foreign land and composed a poem "After the Dream of the Towel Building":
Moving to the no-return pad building, the dream is still on the top.
Yuan and jianghu Haoshi lie down, like smelling the wind and snow of the deceased cast.
The shadow pool between the windows is small, and the light and rain makeup of the village outside the temple.
As if in the old days with the guests, the moon is shining and the boat tour.
In the forty-fifth year of the Wanli Calendar (1617), Cheng Jiaxuan and Qian Qianyi became acquainted, and Cheng Jiaxuan became 17 years old, and the two became friends for many years, and they became brothers and sisters, and established a lifelong friendship. Their acquaintance is due to Cheng Jiaxuan's cousin Li Liufang. In the thirty-fifth year of the Wanli Calendar (1607), Qian Qianyi participated in the National Competition, and he was recommended to participate in the examination of the Ministry of Rites, accompanied by Cheng Jiaxuan's cousin Li Liufang. Li Liufang talked to Qian Qianyi about Cheng Jiaxuan: "The two of us have different talents and interests, and his friends and lovers are also fond of reading, he is rough in the world, building rooms in the mountains, clothing and food, literature and history are mutually exclusive, recruiting People gaoshi, such as Meng Yang Generation, like the poetry of Yuanming and Nancun, xiang and Yongge Huangyu, reading at the end of the year, can not be happy and forget death? Qian Qianyi replied, "Zenza! Believe in the words of the Son, give the wish to feed the capital, give the battle of sweeping, please take the words of Si as the rest of the land. It can be seen that Qian Qianyi and Cheng Jiaxuan, who have not been seen, have been handed over first. Common ideals and interests laid the foundation for their future friendship. Cheng Jiaxuan said in the poem "Huai Fu Shui Former Residence (Wen And Other Ci Shi has disappeared)":
Former classmate Shibi Mountain Residence, sparse deep room ringing stone canal.
Invite guests to plant lotuses and carry wine, and look for monks to see the bamboo basket.
When the branch is good, the crane is adjusted, and the elderly are saved from fish in their previous lives.
Pen Tsukasa grass barren door limit cold, hollow yonghe book.
Qian Qianyi built a "coupling cultivation hall" for Cheng Jiaxuan, thinking that Cheng Jiaxuan's other business, Qian Qianyi said in the "Preface to the Poetry of the Coupling Cultivation Hall": "The general name is "coupling cultivator", Meng Yang Zhiye. Yu and Meng Yang were dependent on the couple cultivators, and there were more than ten years before and after. Meng Yang returned to Xin'an, Yu Sui Yi Li Ju, Yu Shu next to noon, the master's order to promote the number, the years of the exhibition of the province repeatedly, to the mountain to see the so-called coupling cultivators, has been like a passing house. ”
Qian Qianyi's marriage with Liu Ruyi is also the line led by Bai Cheng Jiazhuo. Cheng Jiafu knew Liu Ru in front of him and launched a fanatical pursuit of Liu Ru, but Liu Ru looked down on Cheng Jiafu, who was a poor acid literati, and felt that he could not be a friend. Liu Ru also went to Jiading twice to visit Cheng Jiaxuan, and also stayed in the Pad Towel Building. Liu Ruru and Li Zhiwen, Song Zhengyu, Chen Zilong, etc. have all developed a relationship, of which the one with Chen Zilong, affectionate, lived in the South Building of the Songjiang River. Unfortunately, the beautiful scenery of the South Building's leisurely singing and harmony is not long, and Chen Zilongyuan and Zhang Shi lead people to the South Building. Liu Ru was not willing to be humiliated and went away sadly. The friendship between Cheng Jiazhuo and Qian Qianyi, coupled with the past ambiguity with Liu Ruyi, so the friendship with them and the couple is very deep, living in Qian Qianyi's coupling cultivation hall and Fushui Mountain Villa for more than ten years. He said in the poem "Sending Li Maoxiu Back to the Mother of the Mountain Province"
The boy's long-distance plan has not been achieved for several years, leading the arc to the vassal state.
Autumn Wind resigned home today, and his face was miserable and depressed.
Recalling yesterday's recommendation of Shi Shangshulang, Zhi'er Shan shot in all directions.
Zhongcheng's ear recognized the name, and the long gate was glowing.
Western Qin warriors produced Lingxia, and the longbow and large knives were still good horses.
Ling and the more than ten thousand people shouted out in unison.
Come to the shogunate He Kui patrol, serve the country without order to self-help.
Li Zhong smiled lightly and thinly, and Tao Mu's kitchen was working hard.
In the spring of the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), Cheng Jiaxuan's two sons moved to Xicheng, and Cheng Jiaxuan also came to Yushan to live in Qian Qianyi's Coupling Cultivation Hall, ending many years of wandering life in the Mat Towel Building. Throughout his life, Cheng Jiaxuan was easily moved by poverty. Cheng Jiazhuo's happiest time was the time when he lived in changshu Qian's humble and humble couplet's cultivation hall, not for his livelihood, not for his residence, singing and singing every day, writing and painting. Later, Liu Ruyi came again, and he was even happier, living in the coupling hall for more than ten years, which can be said to be the happiest thing in his life. In the last year of Chongzhen, Cheng Jiaxuan returned to his hometown and developed the ancient method of burning pine and pounding coal, until Chongzhen died in December of the sixteenth year. He has a poem "Xin Wei did not arrive at Tonglu Twenty-fourth Day in March, old money sailed in the official ship":
Thousands of miles of papers are wrapped in grain, and the two servants and horses are out of sight.
Unexpectedly, he stayed in the guests every day, and asked the grass hall with the spring star.
The birds and finches are deserted without sweeping, and the dragon and snake wall has a chapter.
I am not tired of the autumn wind breaking, and the new traces of the house leaks are full of lines.
Cheng Jiafu is an all-round artist with many artistic achievements, and he is quite interested in ink making, seal engraving and other artistic fields. He is good at poetry, poetry is more famous, Cheng Jiaxuan has nearly 1200 poems, his poetry is big and small, sad and happy, family affairs and state affairs, everything into poetry, his poetry is elegant, Juan Xiu is less dusty, especially longer than the Seven Laws, for the late Ming Dynasty.
His calligraphy is picturesque, clean and civilized, like a bookish student walking in the wilderness, cool breeze, clean and refreshing. In the late Ming Dynasty, another style. Being in a poor and infinitely sour atmosphere, the valuable thing is that the fragrance of books is gushing and overflowing at the end of the pen.
As a well-known literati painter of the late Ming Dynasty, Cheng Jiaxuan, he was not only good at poetry and painting, but also had outstanding talents in calligraphy and music, and he was revered as "a generation of masters" in the late Ming painting world. Cheng Jiaxuan was famous for his landscape paintings throughout his life, and he mainly inherited the tradition of literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty, and the painting style of Huang Gongwang and Ni Yunlin, especially Ni Yunlin, had the deepest influence on him. Throughout his landscape paintings, although he cannot get rid of the influence of the ancients, but at the same time he can exist in himself, his landscape painting works not only truly reproduce the true interest of nature, but also pour out the real subjective feelings, through the natural scenery to express the feelings of the literati, and gradually formed a painting style based on "simplicity" as the sect, showing his exquisite and skilled painting skills.
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Song Cheng Jia Fu", praising:
Weak students,
Not a husband.
Huizhou walks Jiangnan,
Nine years old lost his misery.
From then on, like a boat,
Who has ever dried up for daylight?
Meritorious name through the years of wind and rain,
Abandon your karma and throw it away.
Junzhi article is as thick as a mountain,
Haggard returned sadly.
Saigaki autumn grass light everything,
Spring returns without looking for the old ones.
Bean lamp to residual pot,
The smoke was scorched.
The family is poor and the land is tending to be,
Hate does not live as a slave.
Dou Chu's worries day and night,
Bitterly hate Fang Fei's desire to be rude.
Qing song through the clouds of the world,
Gui Tang has exhausted the bitter phoenix chicks.
If you have visited the Pad House,
Makizai's new love makes Junsuke.
Ten years of purple suffocation,
Shame on the servant.
Everything can go into poetry,
Juan Xiu lost less dust.
The plum blossom bushes are not livable,
Juss strings are broken.
Even if you have a black ink dye,
Drawn into a pot.
The book is like a picturesque place,
Literary atmosphere accompanied by wine selling.
Look closely at the iron pen,
I have forgotten that I am a drunkard.