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In the process of aquaculture, if it is found that the fish in the pond continue to pile, lie on the edge, swim, jump, listlessly gather in the water surface layer or rub the pond bi pile and other abnormal situations appear, it is likely that there are parasites and it is a serious situation, at this time, do not be careless, otherwise the consequences may be unexpected.
(The gills are swollen and secrete a lot of mucus)
Simple discovery of common parasitic diseases
When the gills of fish parasitize the wheelworm, the gills are swollen and secrete a large amount of mucus, which can also occur when suffering from ringworms, third-generation insects, intracerula, gill cryptofloa, etc.
Lack of oxygen in water bodies is often due to harsh climate or deterioration of water quality, resulting in fish floating heads. However, if the climate and water quality are normal, and there are still fish that resemble "hypoxia" floating heads, it can be considered that there is a problem (insect pest or bacteria) on the gills, which hinders the "breathing" function of the gills as a respiratory organ, and attention should be paid to analysis.
Also, when we are in the temporary breeding of seedlings, there is occasionally a phenomenon occurs: the entire seedling group seems to be no different, there is no obvious symptoms of disease (such as no rotten gills, red skin or whatever), in the case of good water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, there are always some seedlings with the extension of the temporary breeding time, there are individual or a small number of dead seedlings, but it is not the normal weak seedlings eliminated dead seedlings, as the saying goes, "yin death 1, yang death 1", this situation is mostly due to the breeding of parasitic pests in seedlings, especially wheel worms and ringworms, In principle, special attention should be paid to the seedlings in this case, and there may be a succession of seedling deaths during long-distance transportation. Therefore, before the seedlings leave the pond, it is beneficial and harmless to apply an insecticide once, and it is also necessary to ensure the smooth progress of long-distance transportation of seedlings.
(Wheelworm under the microscope)
Second, the "green" killing of common parasites
In order to pursue ecological breeding, many people talk about drug discoloration and are afraid of using chemical insecticides to kill insects, so the use of traditional Chinese medicine, herbs and common folk plants to kill insects is on the table. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, the great literary scholar Su Shi's "History of The Sense of Objects" recorded that "fish are thin and have white spots, and those who throw maple bark into the water will heal", saying that fish lice (fish lice) are soaked in pond water with maple bark, which can kill fish lice. This article only collects some chinese herbal medicines and common plant insecticide methods, for reference only!
1. Ring worms, gill curlworms, wheelworms, three generations of insects
(Ringworm under the microscope)
1. Prevention: 1 meter deep per mu of water, use 40 catties of maple poplar leaves (or 40 catties of neem branches and leaves), soak in pond water or feed tableside.
2. 1 meter per acre of water depth with 20 pounds of spicy tateshina chopped and fried juice 50 pounds, add soap 6 two, stir evenly after the whole pool sprinkled. 1 time/ day, 3 days.
3. Each acre of water depth of 1 meter, with neem leaves 60 pounds, boiling water sprinkled throughout the pool.
4. 1 meter deep water per mu, use neem branches and leaves (fruit) and spicy indigo 20 catties each, chop 50 catties of decoction juice, add 5 kg of salt, pound well and sprinkle the whole pool. 1 time/ day for 3 consecutive days.
5. 1 meter water depth per mu, 70 catties of maple poplar leaves per day, frying juice sprinkled throughout the pool for 3 consecutive days.
6. 1 meter deep per acre of water, use eucalyptus leaves 20 catties, add water to fry the juice and sprinkle the whole pool, 1 time / day, even 3 days.
7. Each acre of water depth of 1 meter, with 20 pounds of masson pine leaves, 40 pounds of neem leaves (fruits) add water to boil into juice, the whole pool sprinkled. 1 time / day, 3 days in a row.
8. Per 100 catties of fish with dried pomegranate peel 3 two milled into powder mixed feed feeding, 2 times / day, continuous use for 5 days. It can also be sprinkled with 10-16 kg of decoction juice per mu of water depth.
2. Fish flounder
1. Each acre of water depth is 1 meter, with 100 catties of mountain cane leaves, divided into small bundles, pressed to soak at the bottom of the pool.
2. In the onset season, 40 catties of massontail pine branches are used per mu, and they are tied into multiple bundles and scattered in the pond.
3. 1 meter water depth per acre, use 30 pounds of camphor leaves, mash and add an appropriate amount of water to stir the whole pool and sprinkle.
4. 1 meter deep water per mu, use 30 catties of camphor leaves, mash and add 1 kg of kerosene, and sprinkle the whole pool with water. Once a day for 3 consecutive days.
5. 1 meter deep per mu of water, use 20 catties of black oak leaves, chop and boil the juice and sprinkle it in the whole pool, 1 time / day, for 3 days.
6. Use 4-5 barrel poles per acre to form a bundle, and put 8-10 bundles per acre to soak at the bottom of the pool.
7. Each mu of water depth of 1 meter, with 100 parts 4 pounds, add water 14 pounds to boil for 15 minutes, the whole pool sprinkled.
3. Anchorhead bream
1. 10 catties of mulberry leaves, 12 catties of neem roots, 22 catties of bean cakes, and 24 catties of calamus per acre of water surface, crushed and mixed, and sprinkled throughout the pond.
2. Each acre of water surface with neem branches and leaves 60-80 pounds, divided into bundles soaked in the pool, turned every two days, the leaves rot is changed.
3. 1 meter deep water per acre, 20 catties of masson pine leaves, 20 catties of neem leaves (fruits) with water to boil into juice, and sprinkle the whole pool. 1 time / day, 3 days continuously.
4. Each acre of water depth of 1 meter, with thunder pills, pomegranate peel 4 two, add water decoction juice sprinkled in the whole pool, 1 time / day, splash for 3 days.
5. Use 4-5 barrel poles per acre to form a bundle, and put 8-10 bundles per acre to soak at the bottom of the pool.
6. 1 meter deep per acre of water, use 80 pounds of spicy indigo, tie into several bundles, soak in the pond.
7. In the onset season, 40 catties of masson pine leaves per acre are tied into multiple bundles and scattered in the pond.
8. 1 meter water depth per acre, with pine needles (fruits) 40-60 pounds mashed soaked juice spilled in the whole pool.
9. Use pig blood or cattle blood for 10-20 catties per acre of water surface, sprinkle or mix the whole pool and feed it, once every other day, and use it 3 times. It is effective against surface parasites such as anchorhead bream, fish mackerel, wheelworm, third-generation insect, and ringworm.
10. Use 1.6 kg of cottonseed and 0.4 kg of tung oil per mu of water surface, and feed the fish after sprinkling or mixing the whole pond (the cotton roe is first fried and crushed, and then mixed with tung oil and fish feed).
11. Stock 100-200 yellowtails per acre, which is said to prey on the eggs of anchorhead loach or the larvae of the unfish. It is also effective against body surface parasites such as anchorhead loach, fish mackerel, wheel worm, third-generation worm, and ring worm.
12. Sprinkle and feed with 100-200 pounds of lees per acre. It is effective against surface parasites such as anchorhead bream, fish mackerel, wheelworm, third-generation insect, and ringworm.
4. Chinese gill (gill maggot disease)
1. 1 meter deep water per acre, with 20 catties of masson pine leaves, 20 catties of neem leaves (fruits) and boiled into juice with water, and sprinkled throughout the pool. 1 time / day, 3 days continuously.
5. Small melon worm (white spot disease)
1. 1 meter deep per mu of water, use 1 kg of chili powder, 2 kg of ginger, add 20 kg of water to boil into spicy ginger soup, then add 30 kg of cold water, sprinkle the whole pool, 1 time / day, pour for 3 days. Another party: Each acre of water surface with 1/2 kg of paprika, 2 pounds of dried ginger (ginger) or 1 kg of fresh ginger mixed with 20 kg of water boiled for 30 minutes in the whole pool, once a day for three consecutive days.
2. Ginger 4 two plus 2 pounds of water after frying twice, add 1 pound of chili powder and fry for 10 minutes, mix with water 200 pounds of bathing sick fish.
3. Each mu of water depth of 1 meter, with rhubarb 2 kg, dried wild chrysanthemums 2 kg, mixed with decoction juice mixed with water sprinkled in the whole pool.
4. Each cubic meter of water body with 3-5 grams of stone sulfur compound (lime sulfur liquid, both boilable and commercially available) and 0.5-1.0 grams of 90% dimethoate solution with water sprinkled in the whole tank, for 5 days.
6. Jiujiangtou trough tapeworm, etc
1, every 100 kg of fish (10,000 fish fingerlings), with thunder balls, betel nut 75 grams each, milled into powder mixed feed feeding for 3 days, once a day.
2, every 100 catties of fish with dried pomegranate peel 3 two milled into powder mixed feed feeding, 2 times / day, continuous use for 5 days.
3, each 100 kilograms of fish with betel nut 6 two, crushed and mixed with feed feeding, 1 time / day, continuous use for 5 days.
4: 5-7 cm fish fingerlings per 10,000 fish, use 1 kg of pumpkin seeds, and mix the end of the research to feed. 2 times / day, for 3-5 consecutive days.
Third, some of the insecticidal methods of herbs and common plants
1. Artemisia annua: also known as Artemisia annua, is a dried or fresh whole herb of artemisia annua and artemisia arbuscus, which mainly contains artemisinone, thujone, camphor, artemisinin, etc.
According to the depth of 1 meter per mu of water, with 10 pounds of artemisia annua or 2 pounds of skullcap, 4 pounds of danpi, add water to boil and fry, sprinkle the whole pond, or soak in the pond water, for fish bacterial diseases, parasitic diseases (wheel worms, small melon worms, oblique tube worms, etc.), fungal diseases (water mold, gill mold, etc.), it is said that the effect is remarkable, and the amount of prevention is halved.
2. Neem tree
Neem tree, also known as bitter lotus tree, is a deciduous tree of the neem family. Roots, stems, leaves, fruits can be medicated, containing neem, alkaloids, naphthol, etc., insecticidal, bactericidal effect, used to prevent and control parasitic gill disease, as well as anchorhead gills, Chinese loach, capillary nematode, wheel worms, cryptoflagellus trichoiformis and so on.
Take its branches and leaves 60 to 80 catties per acre, directly soak in the pool, 5 to 7 days to fish out the residue. It can effectively prevent and treat the above diseases. Each acre of water surface (water depth of 1 meter) is boiled with 60 pounds of bitter spicy leaves, and the whole pond is sprinkled, which can cure the gill hidden whipworm disease and wheel worm disease. Or 10 pounds of neem leaves per acre of water surface into the pond, turned over every two days, to cure grass carp gill, enteritis, red skin and anchorhead gill complications.
Every 15 acres of water surface, 20-30 kg of neem branches and leaves are tied into 4-6 bundles around the dining ground, and changed once every 3-4 days, which can prevent enteritis and prevent wheelworm disease.
3. Lees: Sprinkle 100-200 pounds of fresh lees per acre. Kill anchorheads, fish mackerel, wheel worms, third-generation worms, ring worms, etc.
4. Masson pine (pine tree)
In the coniferous leaves of Masson pine, it contains turpentine, dialpentene and other ingredients, which have insecticidal and bactericidal effects, and can be used to prevent and control a variety of fish diseases.
Each acre of water surface with 30 pounds of fresh leaves of Masson pine, fine, add 50 pounds of water sprinkled into the pool or according to every 10 pounds of fish with mashed masson pine leaves, salt 1 two, mixed with bait to feed the fish, can prevent and control fish red skin disease, rotten gill disease and enteritis disease. It can also be used to soak in the inlet of the fish pond by 1 meter per mu, use 50-70 kg of horsetail softwoods, soak in the inlet of the fish pond, and turn it once a day. The above methods have a good effect on the treatment of red skin, rotten gills and enteritis disease of fish.
When the fish have anchor mackerel and fish mackerel disease, they can use 30 pounds of horsetail needles per mu of fish pond, mash them and soak in water, and pour them into the fish pond with the leached juice; or use 50 pounds of fresh masson pine needles with branches per acre, tied into several small bundles, and evenly put them into the fish pond; you can also use 20 pounds of horse pine softles per mu of fish ponds, 10 pounds of neem leaves or neem fruits, chop up and boil 50 pounds of juice, sprinkle them all over the fish pond, once a day, even for 3 days, you can extinguish the fish anchorhead loach and fish carp disease.
When the mud moss occurs in the fish pond, you can use 40 pounds of masson pine needles per acre of fish pond, after soaking, add water to grind into 50 pounds of pulp, sprinkle into the fish pond, once a day, for 2 to 3 days, the mud moss is killed.
5. Betel nut
It is the seed of betel nut, a plant of the family Palmaceae, containing alkaloids, mainly betelline alkali, which is an active ingredient for insect repellent. Betel nut has a strong paralytic effect on tapeworms, paralyzing the worm body and losing its ability to adsorb to the intestinal mucosa; and due to the pseudocholine effect of this product, it can enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis and is conducive to the discharge of insects.
For the treatment of head groove variety disease, 250 grams of betel nut and 500 grams of pumpkin seeds are ground into powder per 10,000 fish fingerlings, mixed with bait and fed.
6. Pomegranate peel
It is the dried peel of pomegranate, mainly containing tannins, alkaloids, etc., with astringent antidiarrheal, insecticidal and bacteriostatic effects.
According to 50 grams of pomegranate skin and 30 grams of betel nut per 100 kilograms of fish, jointly crushed into a fine powder, mixed well in 10 kilograms of feed free feeding, continuous feeding for 3 to 5 days, has a good effect on the protozoa, helminthiasis and water mold disease of aquatic animals. Its 5 to 10pmm (5-10 grams / cubic meter) aqueous solution is sprinkled throughout the pool, which can effectively control wave bean worm disease, wheel worm disease, three generations of insect disease, nematode disease, tapeworm disease and so on.
7. Wattle mustard
It is a whole grass with a fruit spike for the family plant Tujing mustard, commonly known as stinky grass, an annual herb, the whole herb into medicine, has the function of dispelling wind and insecticide, dry and wet detoxification. Pharmacological tests have proved that the effect of mustard oil on roundworms is first excited, then paralyzed, and finally irreversible rigidity; it has inhibitory and killing effects on mold, pathogenic skin fungi, scabies mites, loach, hookworms, and nematodes. Indications for the treatment of scabies, internal and external parasites and other diseases.
Clinically treat eel melon worm disease, wheel worm disease can be used alone with the soil wattle mustard fresh decoction medicinal bath or with neem root bark, tobacco leaves and other decoction medicinal bath, to drive away the body nematode or other parasites can be fed with hundreds of mixes, so that gentlemen and other mixtures.
8. Crowd
It is a thick-stemmed bulbous fern of the hydroqualodocete family, a perennial herb, mainly containing cotton horse pigment, cotton horse acid, etc., and the woolly horse acid contained in it has strong toxicity to tapeworms and has an insect repellent effect. It can control fish capillary nematode disease, Xu's taeniasis, with the ether extract of Guanzhong, 4 grams per kilogram of fish, made into a medicinal bait and fed once.
9. Pumpkin seeds
Cucurbitaceae, containing pumpkin glycine, is an active ingredient in insect repellent. Pumpkin glycine has the effect of first excitation and then paralysis on the insect body, because the excitatory effect can shorten the insect body, significantly increase activity, and even cause spasmodic contractions. The combination of pumpkin seeds and betel nuts shows obvious synergy, causing the insect body to quickly stop its activities and completely paralyze.
It can be used to control Taeniasis in Jiujiangtou Trough, 2.5 inches per 10,000 fish fingerlings, mixed with half a kilogram of pumpkin seeds and 1 kilogram of rice bran, and fed continuously for 3 days.
10. Pig blood: 10-20 pounds of pig blood or cow blood per acre of water surface, sprinkle the whole pool, once every other day, and use 3 times. Kill anchorheads, fish mackerel, wheel worms, third-generation worms, ring worms, etc.
11. Mulberry leaves
Each acre of water surface is mixed with mulberry leaves, 12 pounds of neem roots, 2 pounds of bean cake, 25 pounds of calamus, crushed and mixed, and sprinkled throughout the pool. It can treat anchorhead bream disease.
(Liu Wenjun2021.05.04)
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