第一章 MySql的安裝 1.1

前言：沒有MySql，MySqlDBA也無從入手，工欲善其事，必先利其器！

1、檢視系統

uname -a

 Linux tech80192 2.6.26-1-686 #1 SMP Sat Jan 10 18:29:31 UTC 2009 i686 GNU/Linux

file /sbin/init

/sbin/init: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, stripped

足以證明，此機器為32位系統！

2、最簡單安裝

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

helloword:~# sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Reading package lists... Done

........中間省略                                                        

Fetched 46.4MB in 27s (1660kB/s)                                                                                                  

Preconfiguring packages ...

安裝過程會讓你輸入root密碼

登陸指令：

mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -phello

-h：表示host

-u：表示用于

-p：表示密碼

3、源碼安裝

到官方網站：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads

如圖所示：本執行個體下載下傳了最後一個

下載下傳源碼包

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz/from/http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/db/mysql/

預設儲存為：mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz

下載下傳完畢，tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz指令解壓到目前目錄

cd tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.50

建立mysql組，建立mysql使用者并加入到mysql組中

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

mysql安裝 

tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz 

tech80192:/home/download# cd mysql-5.1.50 

tech80192:/home/download/mysql-5.1.50# 

tech80192:/home/download/mysql-5.1.50# ./configure --prefix=/home/mysql 

........中間省略    

遇到第一個錯誤： 

/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory 

config.status: executing default commands 

tech80192:/home/download/mysql-5.1.50# ./libtool --version 

ltmain.sh (GNU libtool) 2.2.6 

Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 

This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO 

warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 

網上搜尋 一些， 

官方解決辦法：http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=47411 

需要安裝幾個包 

之後執行 

# autoreconf --force --install 

# libtoolize --automake --force 

# automake --force --add-missing

再執行 

# ./configure --prefix=/home/mysql 

執 行完發現，還是報同樣的錯誤 

網上也找到一些答案http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin /bugreport.cgi?bug=523750 

還好有一招狠的： 

将configure 中的 檔案更改： 

$RM "$cfgfile" 

改為：        

$RM -f "$cfgfile" 

最見效，至于為什麼，好好去想想 吧,O(∩_∩)O~

ok，我們繼續吧： 

./configure --prefix=/home/mysql 

make 

make install 

終于安裝成功啦！ 

啟 動mysql 

tech80192:/home/mysql# /home/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 

[1] 31212 

tech80192:/home/mysql# 100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/tech80192.err'. 

100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 

100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 

又報錯，檢視： 

cat /var/lib/mysql/tech80192.err 

100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] Error message file '/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys' had only 475 error messages, 

but it should contain at least 641 error messages. 

Check that the above file is the right version for this program! 

/home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Unknown error 1146 

100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 

100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] /home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: unknown option '--skip-bdb' 

100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] Aborting 

100826 20:46:10 [Note] 

發現兩個錯誤： 

1、/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys 

找 到：/home/mysql/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys 

做個軟連接配接吧， 

ln -s /home/mysql/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys 

2、unknown option '--skip-bdb' 

找到： 

# Using BerkeleyDB is now discouraged as its support will cease in 5.1.12. 

#skip-bdb 

注釋掉 

再啟動試試，又報錯 

100826 20:52:43 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 

/home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist 

100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 

100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied 

100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock ? 

100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Aborting 

100826 20:52:43 [Note] /home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 

100826 20:52:43 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 

想起來了，，重要的東西沒有初始化！ 

創 建mysql許可表： 

/home/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql 

tech80192:/home/mysql# /home/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql 

Installing MySQL system tables... 

100826 20:59:42 [Warning] /usr/sbin/mysqld: unknown option '--loose-skip-innodb' 

100826 20:59:42 [Warning] /usr/sbin/mysqld: unknown option '--loose-skip-ndbcluster' 

100826 20:59:42  InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation. 

InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to 

InnoDB: the directory. 

InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1 

InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'. 

InnoDB: Cannot continue operation. 

Installation of system tables failed!  Examine the logs in 

/var/lib/mysql for more information. 

You can try to start the mysqld daemon with: 

    shell> /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant & 

and use the command line tool /usr/bin/mysql 

to connect to the mysql database and look at the grant tables: 

    shell> /usr/bin/mysql -u root mysql 

    mysql> show tables 

Try 'mysqld --help' if you have problems with paths.  Using --log 

gives you a log in /var/lib/mysql that may be helpful. 

Please consult the MySQL manual section 

'Problems running mysql_install_db', and the manual section that 

describes problems on your OS.  Another information source are the 

MySQL email archives available at http://lists.mysql.com/. 

Please check all of the above before mailing us!  And remember, if 

you do mail us, you MUST use the /usr/scripts/mysqlbug script!

………未完待續。。。。。。。

本文轉自jooben 51CTO部落格，原文連結:http://blog.51cto.com/jooben/383674