root賬戶執行:
#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba
#useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
#passwd oracle
建立oracle基本目錄:
#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
#chmod -R 775 /u01
/u01 由根目錄擁有。
/u01/app 由根目錄擁有。
/u01/app/oracle 由具有 775 權限的 oracle:oinstall 擁有。該所有權和權限允許 OUI 在 /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory 路徑下建立 oraInventory 目錄。
配置核心參數
RHEL/OEL 5 上的 Oracle 資料庫 10g 第 2 版需要以下所示的核心參數設定。給出的值都是最小值,是以如果您的系統使用一個更大的值,則不要進行更改:
#vi /etc/sysctl
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 268435456
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=1048576
net.core.rmem_max=1048576
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
啟動生效
#sysctl -p
為 Oracle 使用者設定 Shell 限制
要改善 Linux 系統上的軟體性能,Oracle 建議您提高 oracle 使用者的 shell 限制:
Shell 限制 limits.conf 中的條目 硬限制
最大打開檔案描述符數 nofile 65536
可用于單個使用者的最大程序數 nproc 16384
要進行這些更改,以 root 使用者身份運作以下指令:
#cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
EOF
#cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
為“oracle”UNIX 帳戶更新預設的 shell 啟動檔案。
對于 Bourne、Bash 或 Korn shell,通過運作以下指令将以下行添加到 /etc/profile 檔案:
#cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
#su - oracle
安裝用戶端:
配置oracle環境變量:
$vi ~/.bash_profile
export ORALCE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORALCE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORALCE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
生效環境變量:
$source ~/.bash_profile
手動建立庫:
建立initorcl.ora參數檔案:
vi initorcl.ora
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=226492416
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_dest_2='location=usr_db_recovery_file_dest'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=299892736
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=901775360
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
建立資料庫腳本檔案:
dbca.sql
CREATE DATABASE orcl
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY tiger
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY tiger
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log') SIZE 100M
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
建立密碼檔案:
$orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdorcl password=tiger entries=10
建立資料庫基本目錄:
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
#sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
#startup nomount pfile=/soft/initorcl.ora
建立表空間:
CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA
-- create a user tablespace to be assigned as the default tablespace for users
CREATE TABLESPACE users LOGGING
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'
SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
-- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace
CREATE TABLESPACE indx LOGGING
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/indx01.dbf'
alter database default tablespace users;
運作腳本:
@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
EXIT
腳本描述:
CATALOG.SQL Creates the views of the data dictionary tables, the dynamic performance views, and public synonyms for many of the views. Grants PUBLIC access to the synonyms.
CATPROC.SQL Runs all scripts required for or used with PL/SQL.
檢視資料庫啟動狀态:
select status from v$instance;
結果:open
說明手動建立資料庫成功。
本文轉自 Art_Hero 51CTO部落格,原文連結:http://blog.51cto.com/curran/864775,如需轉載請自行聯系原作者