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Oracle手動建立資料庫

root賬戶執行:

#groupadd oinstall

#groupadd dba

#useradd  -g oinstall -G dba oracle

#passwd oracle

建立oracle基本目錄:

#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

#chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

#chmod -R 775 /u01

/u01 由根目錄擁有。

/u01/app 由根目錄擁有。

/u01/app/oracle 由具有 775 權限的 oracle:oinstall 擁有。該所有權和權限允許 OUI 在 /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory 路徑下建立 oraInventory 目錄。

配置核心參數

RHEL/OEL 5 上的 Oracle 資料庫 10g 第 2 版需要以下所示的核心參數設定。給出的值都是最小值,是以如果您的系統使用一個更大的值,則不要進行更改:

#vi /etc/sysctl

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default=1048576

net.core.rmem_max=1048576

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=262144

啟動生效

#sysctl -p

為 Oracle 使用者設定 Shell 限制

要改善 Linux 系統上的軟體性能,Oracle 建議您提高 oracle 使用者的 shell 限制:

Shell 限制 limits.conf 中的條目 硬限制

最大打開檔案描述符數 nofile 65536

可用于單個使用者的最大程序數 nproc 16384

要進行這些更改,以 root 使用者身份運作以下指令:

#cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

EOF

#cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

為“oracle”UNIX 帳戶更新預設的 shell 啟動檔案。

對于 Bourne、Bash 或 Korn shell,通過運作以下指令将以下行添加到 /etc/profile 檔案:

#cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then

 if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

   ulimit -p 16384

   ulimit -n 65536

 else

   ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

 fi

 umask 022

fi

#su - oracle

安裝用戶端:

配置oracle環境變量:

$vi    ~/.bash_profile

export ORALCE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORALCE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORALCE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

生效環境變量:

$source   ~/.bash_profile

手動建立庫:

建立initorcl.ora參數檔案:

vi     initorcl.ora

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__shared_pool_size=226492416

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch'

*.log_archive_dest_2='location=usr_db_recovery_file_dest'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=299892736

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=901775360

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'

建立資料庫腳本檔案:

dbca.sql

CREATE DATABASE orcl

   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY tiger

   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY tiger

   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,

           GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,

           GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log') SIZE 100M

   MAXLOGFILES 5

   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

   MAXLOGHISTORY 1

   MAXDATAFILES 100

   MAXINSTANCES 1

   CHARACTER SET US7ASCII

   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'

      SIZE 20M REUSE

   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf'

      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

建立密碼檔案:

$orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdorcl password=tiger entries=10

建立資料庫基本目錄:

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch

$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl

#sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

#startup nomount pfile=/soft/initorcl.ora

建立表空間:

CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA

-- create a user tablespace to be assigned as the default tablespace for users

CREATE TABLESPACE users LOGGING

     DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'

     SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

     EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

-- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace

CREATE TABLESPACE indx LOGGING

     DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/indx01.dbf'

alter database default tablespace users;

運作腳本:

@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

EXIT

腳本描述:

CATALOG.SQL Creates the views of the data dictionary tables, the dynamic performance views, and public synonyms for many of the views. Grants PUBLIC access to the synonyms.

CATPROC.SQL Runs all scripts required for or used with PL/SQL.

檢視資料庫啟動狀态:

select status from v$instance;

結果:open

說明手動建立資料庫成功。

本文轉自 Art_Hero 51CTO部落格,原文連結:http://blog.51cto.com/curran/864775,如需轉載請自行聯系原作者

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