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Android使用AttributeSet自定義控件的方法

在xml 檔案裡定義控件的屬性,我們已經習慣了android:attrs="" ,那麼我們能不能定義自己的屬性能,比如:test:attrs="" 呢?答案是必須能啊.

下面就來示範一下粗略步驟:##

<ol><li> 在res/values 檔案下定義一個attrs.xml 檔案.代碼如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<resources>
  <declare-styleable name="DemoView">  
  <attr name="textColor" format="color" />  
  <attr name="textSize" format="dimension" />  
</declare-styleable>  
</resources>
           

<li>我們在DemoView.java 代碼修改如下,其中下面的構造方法是重點,我們擷取定義的屬性我們R.sytleable.DemoView_textColor, 擷取方法中後面通常設定預設值(float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.DemoView_textSize, 36 ); ), 防止我們在xml 檔案中沒有定義.進而使用預設值!

擷取,DemoView 就是定義在<declare-styleable name="DemoView "></declare-styleable> 裡的 名字,擷取裡面屬性用** 名字_ 屬性** 連接配接起來就可以.TypedArray 通常最後調用** .recycle()** 方法,為了保持以後使用該屬性一緻性!

public DemoView(Context context,AttributeSet attrs)  
    {  
        super(context,attrs);  
        mPaint = new Paint();  
          
        TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,  
                R.styleable.DemoView);  
          
        int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.DemoView_textColor,  
                0XFFFFFFFF);  
        float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.DemoView_textSize, 36);  
          
        mPaint.setTextSize(textSize);  
        mPaint.setColor(textColor);  
          
        a.recycle();  
    }  
           

DemoView.java 全部代碼如下:

package com.android.demo;  
import android.content.Context;  
import android.content.res.TypedArray;  
import android.graphics.Canvas;  
import android.graphics.Color;  
import android.graphics.Paint;  
import android.graphics.Rect;  
import android.graphics.Paint.Style;  
import android.util.AttributeSet;  
import android.view.View;  
public class DemoView extends View {  
    private Paint mPaint;  
    private Context mContext;  
    private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Samson's blog";  
      
    public DemoView (Context context) {  
        super(context);  
        mPaint = new Paint();  
    }  
    public DemoView (Context context,AttributeSet attrs)  
    {  
        super(context,attrs);  
        mPaint = new Paint();  
          
        TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,  
                R.styleable.MyView);  
          
        int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.DemoView_textColor,  
                0XFFFFFFFF);  
        float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.DemoView_textSize, 36);  
          
        mPaint.setTextSize(textSize);  
        mPaint.setColor(textColor);  
          
        a.recycle();  
    }  
    @Override  
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        super.onDraw(canvas);  
        //設定填充  
        mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL);  
          
        //畫一個矩形,前倆個是矩形左上角坐标,後面倆個是右下角坐标  
        canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint);  
          
        mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);  
        //繪制文字  
        canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint);  
    }  
}  
           

<li>将我們自定義的DemoView 加入布局main.xml 檔案中,平且使用自定義屬性,自定義屬性必須加上:

**xmlns:test ="

http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.demo

"藍色 是自定義屬性的字首,紅色 **是我們包名.

main.xml 全部代碼如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.demo"  
    android:orientation="vertical"  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"  >  
  <TextView    
      android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
      android:text="@string/hello" />  
  <com.android.demo.DemoView  
      android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
      android:layout_height="fill_parent"   
      test:textSize="18px"  
      test:textColor="#ffffff"/>  
</LinearLayout>  
           

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