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Docker 基于Dockerfile建立鏡像實踐

需求描述

簡單說，就是建立一個服務型的鏡像，即運作基于該鏡像建立的容器時，基于該容器自動開啟一個服務。具體來說，是建立一個部署了

nginx

，

uwsgi

python

django

項目代碼的鏡像，運作基于該鏡像建立的容器時，自動開啟

nginx

,

uwsgi

等服務。簡單了解就是在容器内部，通過

nginx

+

uwsgi

部署Django項目

實踐環境

CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009

實踐過程

實踐過程1

Django

 項目代碼組織結構

Docker 基于Dockerfile建立鏡像實踐

env_setup.sh

 
#!/bin/bash

yum install -y wget gcc make zlib* openssl-devel sqlite-devel

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
tar -xvzf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install
cp -f /opt/DjServer/docker/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
chmod 755 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx
cd .. && rm -rf nginx-1.10.3*


wget http://www.sqlite.org/2019/sqlite-autoconf-3280000.tar.gz
tar -xvzf sqlite-autoconf-3280000.tar.gz
cd sqlite-autoconf-3280000
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sqlite
make && make install
mv /usr/bin/sqlite3 /usr/bin/sqlite3_old
ln -s /usr/local/sqlite/bin/sqlite3 /usr/bin/sqlite3
echo "/usr/local/sqlite/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/sqlite3.conf
ldconfig
cd .. && rm -rf sqlite-autoconf-*

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.13/Python-3.6.13.tgz
tar -xvzf Python-3.6.13.tgz
cd Python-3.6.13
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python36
make && make install
cd .. && rm -rf Python-3.6.13*
ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
ls
pip3 install -r  /opt/DjServer/requirements.txt
ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi
mkdir -p /var/log/uwsgi

start.sh

 
#!/bin/bash
`uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini &` && nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -g "daemon off;"

nginx.conf

 
worker_processes 16;

events {
    worker_connections  65535;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    keepalive_timeout  65;
    reset_timedout_connection on; 

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        charset utf-8;

        #access_log logs/access.log;
        access_log off;
        error_log logs/error.log;

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        location / {
            uwsgi_send_timeout 60;        
            uwsgi_connect_timeout 60;    
            uwsgi_read_timeout 600; 
            include uwsgi_params;
            uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
        }
    }
}

requirements.txt

 
Django==3.0.6
uwsgi==2.0.8

前置準備工作

如下，建立一個幹淨的目錄(例中為

myworkspace

)，用于建立鏡像，并将解壓後的

Django

項目代碼存放到該目錄，然後在該目錄下建立并編寫

dockerfile

.dockerignore

檔案。

# pwd
/root/myworkspace
# ls -a
.  ..  DjServer  dockerfile  .dockerignore

dockerfile

 
FROM centos:7.9.2009

WORKDIR /opt/DjServer
COPY ./DjServer .
RUN chmod 755 ./docker/env_setup.sh \
    && sh ./docker/env_setup.sh \
    && chmod 755 ./docker/start.sh
EXPOSE 80
ENTRYPOINT ["./docker/start.sh"]

.dockerignore

 
*/__pycache__

建立服務鏡像

如下，建立

djserver:v1.0

鏡像

# docker build  -t djserver:v1.0 .
...略
Successfully tagged djserver:v1.0

建立容器

基于上述鏡像建立名為

dj80

的容器，映射宿主主機

80

端口到容器的

80

端口，并為容器設定環境變量

# docker run --name dj9003 -p 9003:80 -e hostPort=10.1.66.163:9003 -d -it djserver:v1.0

測試驗證 

# curl http://10.7.0.236:9003/loadapi/api/v1/ip_forward # 10.7.0.236為容器所在主控端

實踐過程2

Django項目代碼組織結構

Docker 基于Dockerfile建立鏡像實踐

注意：代碼結構中的

requirements.txt

暫時沒用到，對該檔案的定位是，存放建立基礎鏡像時新增requirements.txt檔案所包含依賴包除外的其它依賴包。

建立基礎鏡像前置準備工作

env_build

)，用于建立提供軟體運作環境的基礎鏡像，并在該目錄下建立并編寫

dockerfile

，建立

env_conf

目錄，然後在

env_conf

目錄下建立

env_setup.sh

requirements.txt

 
# pwd
/root/env_build
# ls -aR
.:
.  ..  env_conf  env_dockerfile

./env_conf:
.  ..  env_setup.sh  requirements.txt

env_dockerfile

 
FROM centos:7.9.2009
COPY ./env_conf .
RUN chmod 755 env_setup.sh \
    && sh env_setup.sh \
    && rm -f env_setup.sh requirements.txt

env_setup.sh

 
#!/bin/bash

yum install -y wget gcc make zlib* openssl-devel sqlite-devel

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
tar -xvzf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install
cd .. && rm -rf nginx-1.10.3*
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx


wget http://www.sqlite.org/2019/sqlite-autoconf-3280000.tar.gz
tar -xvzf sqlite-autoconf-3280000.tar.gz
cd sqlite-autoconf-3280000
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sqlite
make && make install
mv /usr/bin/sqlite3 /usr/bin/sqlite3_old
ln -s /usr/local/sqlite/bin/sqlite3 /usr/bin/sqlite3
echo "/usr/local/sqlite/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/sqlite3.conf
ldconfig
cd .. && rm -rf sqlite-autoconf-*

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.13/Python-3.6.13.tgz
tar -xvzf Python-3.6.13.tgz
cd Python-3.6.13
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python36
make && make install
cd .. && rm -rf Python-3.6.13*
ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

pip3 install -r requirements.txt
ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi
mkdir -p /var/log/uwsgi

requirements.txt

 
Django==3.0.6
uwsgi==2.0.8

注意：這裡對

requirements.txt

的定位是，用于存放一定需要安裝，并且極少改動（比如更換版本）的軟體依賴包

建立基礎鏡像

djbase:v1.0

基礎鏡像，為運作

Django

項目提供所需的軟體運作環境

# docker build --no-cache -t djbase:v1.0 -f env_dockerfile .
...略docker build --no-cache -t djbase:v1.0 -f env_dockerfile .
Successfully tagged djbase:v1.0

建立服務鏡像前置準備工作

建立一個幹淨的目錄(例中為

server_build

)，用于建立最終服務鏡像，并将解壓後的

Django

dockerfile

.dockerignore

 
# pwd
/root/server_build
# ls -a
.  ..  DjServer  dockerfile  .dockerignore

dockerfile

 
FROM djbase:v1.0

WORKDIR /opt/DjServer
RUN mkdir -p /var/log/uwsgi
COPY ./DjServer/docker/nginx.conf .
RUN mv -f ./nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf && chmod 755 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
COPY ./DjServer .
RUN chmod 755 ./docker/start.sh
EXPOSE 80
ENTRYPOINT ["./docker/start.sh"]

.dockerignore

 
*/__pycache__

docker/start.sh

 
#!/bin/bash
`uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini &` && nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -g "daemon off;"

docker/nginx.conf

同“實踐過程1”

# docker build -t djserver:v1.0 .
...略
Successfully tagged djserver:v1.0
           

# docker run --name dj9003 -p 9003:80 -e hostPort=10.1.66.163:9003 -d -it djserver:v1.0
建立docker鏡像 Dockerfile建立鏡像 dockerfile 鏡像 Docker
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