有時想在wxPython中使用Matplotlib,而不是使用指令行的格式調用,以下給出一個簡單的實作的代碼,更進階的可以google一下wxMPL或者wxmplot.
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import wx
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
# matplotlib采用WXAgg為背景,将matplotlib嵌入wxPython中
matplotlib.use("WXAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import NavigationToolbar2WxAgg as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.ticker import MultipleLocator, FuncFormatter
import pylab
from matplotlib import pyplot
######################################################################################
class MPL_Panel_base(wx.Panel):
''' #MPL_Panel_base面闆,可以繼承或者建立執行個體'''
def __init__(self,parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self,parent=parent, id=-1)
self.Figure = matplotlib.figure.Figure(figsize=(4,3))
self.axes = self.Figure.add_axes([0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8])
self.FigureCanvas = FigureCanvas(self,-1,self.Figure)
self.NavigationToolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.FigureCanvas)
self.StaticText = wx.StaticText(self,-1,label='Show Help String')
self.SubBoxSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.SubBoxSizer.Add(self.NavigationToolbar,proportion =0, border = 2,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.SubBoxSizer.Add(self.StaticText,proportion =-1, border = 2,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.TopBoxSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.TopBoxSizer.Add(self.SubBoxSizer,proportion =-1, border = 2,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.TopBoxSizer.Add(self.FigureCanvas,proportion =-10, border = 2,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.SetSizer(self.TopBoxSizer)
###友善調用
self.pylab=pylab
self.pl=pylab
self.pyplot=pyplot
self.numpy=np
self.np=np
self.plt=pyplot
def UpdatePlot(self):
'''#修改圖形的任何屬性後都必須使用self.UpdatePlot()更新GUI界面 '''
self.FigureCanvas.draw()
def plot(self,*args,**kwargs):
'''#最常用的繪圖指令plot '''
self.axes.plot(*args,**kwargs)
self.UpdatePlot()
def semilogx(self,*args,**kwargs):
''' #對數坐标繪圖指令 '''
self.axes.semilogx(*args,**kwargs)
self.UpdatePlot()
def semilogy(self,*args,**kwargs):
''' #對數坐标繪圖指令 '''
self.axes.semilogy(*args,**kwargs)
self.UpdatePlot()
def loglog(self,*args,**kwargs):
''' #對數坐标繪圖指令 '''
self.axes.loglog(*args,**kwargs)
self.UpdatePlot()
def grid(self,flag=True):
''' ##顯示網格 '''
if flag:
self.axes.grid()
else:
self.axes.grid(False)
def title_MPL(self,TitleString="wxMatPlotLib Example In wxPython"):
''' # 給圖像添加一個标題 '''
self.axes.set_title(TitleString)
def xlabel(self,XabelString="X"):
''' # Add xlabel to the plotting '''
self.axes.set_xlabel(XabelString)
def ylabel(self,YabelString="Y"):
''' # Add ylabel to the plotting '''
self.axes.set_ylabel(YabelString)
def xticker(self,major_ticker=1.0,minor_ticker=0.1):
''' # 設定X軸的刻度大小 '''
self.axes.xaxis.set_major_locator( MultipleLocator(major_ticker) )
self.axes.xaxis.set_minor_locator( MultipleLocator(minor_ticker) )
def yticker(self,major_ticker=1.0,minor_ticker=0.1):
''' # 設定Y軸的刻度大小 '''
self.axes.yaxis.set_major_locator( MultipleLocator(major_ticker) )
self.axes.yaxis.set_minor_locator( MultipleLocator(minor_ticker) )
def legend(self,*args,**kwargs):
''' #圖例legend for the plotting '''
self.axes.legend(*args,**kwargs)
def xlim(self,x_min,x_max):
''' # 設定x軸的顯示範圍 '''
self.axes.set_xlim(x_min,x_max)
def ylim(self,y_min,y_max):
''' # 設定y軸的顯示範圍 '''
self.axes.set_ylim(y_min,y_max)
def savefig(self,*args,**kwargs):
''' #儲存圖形到檔案 '''
self.Figure.savefig(*args,**kwargs)
def cla(self):
''' # 再次畫圖前,必須調用該指令清空原來的圖形 '''
self.axes.clear()
self.Figure.set_canvas(self.FigureCanvas)
self.UpdatePlot()
def ShowHelpString(self,HelpString="Show Help String"):
''' #可以用它來顯示一些幫助資訊,如滑鼠位置等 '''
self.StaticText.SetLabel(HelpString)
################################################################
class MPL_Panel(MPL_Panel_base):
''' #MPL_Panel重要面闆,可以繼承或者建立執行個體 '''
def __init__(self,parent):
MPL_Panel_base.__init__(self,parent=parent)
#測試一下
self.FirstPlot()
#僅僅用于測試和初始化,意義不大
def FirstPlot(self):
#self.rc('lines',lw=5,c='r')
self.cla()
x = np.arange(-5,5,0.25)
y = np.sin(x)
self.yticker(0.5,0.1)
self.xticker(1.0,0.2)
self.xlabel('X')
self.ylabel('Y')
self.title_MPL("wxMatPlotLib Example In wxPython")
self.grid()
self.plot(x,y,'--^g')
###############################################################################
# MPL_Frame添加了MPL_Panel的1個執行個體
###############################################################################
class MPL_Frame(wx.Frame):
"""MPL_Frame可以繼承,并可修改,或者直接使用"""
def __init__(self,title="MPL_Frame Example In wxPython",size=(800,500)):
wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent=None,title = title,size=size)
self.MPL = MPL_Panel_base(self)
#建立FlexGridSizer
self.FlexGridSizer=wx.FlexGridSizer( rows=9, cols=1, vgap=5,hgap=5)
self.FlexGridSizer.SetFlexibleDirection(wx.BOTH)
self.RightPanel = wx.Panel(self,-1)
#測試按鈕1
self.Button1 = wx.Button(self.RightPanel,-1,"TestButton",size=(100,40),pos=(10,10))
self.Button1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Button1Event)
#測試按鈕2
self.Button2 = wx.Button(self.RightPanel,-1,"AboutButton",size=(100,40),pos=(10,10))
self.Button2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Button2Event)
#加入Sizer中
self.FlexGridSizer.Add(self.Button1,proportion =0, border = 5,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.FlexGridSizer.Add(self.Button2,proportion =0, border = 5,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.RightPanel.SetSizer(self.FlexGridSizer)
self.BoxSizer=wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.BoxSizer.Add(self.MPL,proportion =-10, border = 2,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.BoxSizer.Add(self.RightPanel,proportion =0, border = 2,flag = wx.ALL | wx.EXPAND)
self.SetSizer(self.BoxSizer)
#狀态欄
self.StatusBar()
#MPL_Frame界面居中顯示
self.Centre(wx.BOTH)
#按鈕事件,用于測試
def Button1Event(self,event):
self.MPL.cla()#必須清理圖形,才能顯示下一幅圖
x=np.arange(-10,10,0.25)
y=np.cos(x)
self.MPL.plot(x,y,'--*g')
self.MPL.xticker(2.0,0.5)
self.MPL.yticker(0.5,0.1)
self.MPL.title_MPL("MPL1")
self.MPL.ShowHelpString("You Can Show MPL Helpful String Here !")
self.MPL.grid()
self.MPL.UpdatePlot()#必須重新整理才能顯示
def Button2Event(self,event):
self.AboutDialog()
#打開檔案,用于測試
def DoOpenFile(self):
wildcard = r"Data files (*.dat)|*.dat|Text files (*.txt)|*.txt|ALL Files (*.*)|*.*"
open_dlg = wx.FileDialog(self,message='Choose a file',wildcard = wildcard, >
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import wx
from wxMatPlotLib import MPL_Panel,MPL_Frame,MPL2_Frame,pylab,pyplot,np
class wxMPL_Frame(MPL2_Frame):
"""MPL2_Frame可以繼承,并可修改,或者直接使用"""
def __init__(self,title="wxMPL_Frame Example In wxPython",size=(850,500)):
MPL2_Frame.__init__(self,title=title,size=size)
self.Button1.SetLabel('Plot')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = wx.PySimpleApp()
frame = wxMPL_Frame()
frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()
