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Linux(解決安裝mysql報錯ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements)

問題 ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements,出現這個問題怎麼辦?

問題原因:

為了加強安全性,MySQL5.7為root使用者随機生成了一個密碼,在error log中,關于error log的位置,如果安裝的是RPM包,則預設是/var/log/mysqld.log。

一般可通過log_error設定

可通過# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 指令擷取MySQL的臨時密碼

2016-01-19T05:16:36.218234Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: waQ,qR%be2(5

用該密碼登入到服務端後,必須馬上修改密碼,不然會報如下錯誤:

mysql> select user();
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
           

如果隻是修改為一個簡單的密碼,會報以下錯誤:

mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
           

這個其實與validate_password_policy的值有關。

validate_password_policy有以下取值:

預設是1,即MEDIUM,是以剛開始設定的密碼必須符合長度,且必須含有數字,小寫或大寫字母,特殊字元。

有時候,隻是為了自己測試,不想密碼設定得那麼複雜,譬如說,我隻想設定root的密碼為123456。

必須修改兩個全局參數:

首先,修改validate_password_policy參數的值

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
           

這樣,判斷密碼的标準就基于密碼的長度了。這個由validate_password_length參數來決定。

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|             8 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
           

validate_password_length參數預設為8,它有最小值的限制,最小值為:

validate_password_number_count
+ validate_password_special_char_count
+ (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)
           

其中,validate_password_number_count指定了密碼中資料的長度,validate_password_special_char_count指定了密碼中特殊字元的長度,validate_password_mixed_case_count指定了密碼中大小字母的長度。

這些參數,預設值均為1,是以validate_password_length最小值為4,如果你顯性指定validate_password_length的值小于4,盡管不會報錯,但validate_password_length的值将設為4。如下所示:

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|             8 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|             4 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
           

如果修改了validate_password_number_count,validate_password_special_char_count,validate_password_mixed_case_count中任何一個值,則validate_password_length将進行動态修改。

mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|             4 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
+--------------------------------------+
| @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
+--------------------------------------+
|                  1 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select @@validate_password_mixed_case_count;
+--------------------------------------+
| @@validate_password_mixed_case_count |
+--------------------------------------+
|                  2 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> select @@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
|             6 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
           

驗證validate_password插件是否安裝呢?可通過檢視以下參數,如果沒有安裝,則輸出将為空。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name            | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_dictionary_file  |    |
| validate_password_length       | 6   |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count  | 2   |
| validate_password_number_count    | 1   |
| validate_password_policy       | LOW  |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1   |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
           

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