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LNMP(nginx php-fpm mysql) 環境部署——mysql

前言:

上一篇已經說過部署的初衷,如有不清楚的,可以看下上篇的前言或在評論區留言給我。

此篇主要介紹安裝mysql的方法,php會要用到mysql連接配接資料庫

準備:

mysql官網:mysql.com

源碼目錄:/usr/local/src

mysql官方提供官方庫、源碼、二進制包三種安裝方式。此文會分别介紹官方庫、源碼包的安裝方式,對于二進制包,下載下傳後可直接使用。

此文介紹mysql 5.6 社群版,在下載下傳時不要選擇錯了

安裝:

使用官方庫安裝:

1 配置mysql.repo

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql.repo
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1      

2 建立

mysql_pubkey.asc

可參考http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/checking-gpg-signature.html

vim mysql_pubkey.asc      
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)

mQGiBD4+owwRBAC14GIfUfCyEDSIePvEW3SAFUdJBtoQHH/nJKZyQT7h9bPlUWC3
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=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
           

3 導入mysql公鑰

gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc      

4 驗證簽名

gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 5072E1F5      

5 安裝mysql

如遇逾時,可以先yum makecache下

yum install mysql-community-server      

6 啟動mysql服務

service mysqld start      

7 确認安裝

可以設定mysql root密碼以及删除空帳号等

mysql_secure_installation      

源碼安裝:

安裝編譯依賴

yum install -y wget ncurses-devel      

1 在官方下載下傳mysql源碼包

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz      

2 解壓

tar zxf mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz      

3 添加mysql使用者組及使用者

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false      

4 建立資料目錄,并賦予權限

mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql      

5 配置編譯參數

cd mysql-5.6.12
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306      

6 編譯

make
make install      

7 設定mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
#初始化資料庫
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
#配置服務
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld      

可在初始化資料庫時附加參數指定配置

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \
         --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
         --datadir=/data/mysql      

8 啟動mysql服務

service mysql start      

9 預設初始化資料庫後 root 密碼為空,可通過mysql_secure_installation 配置mysql安全

bin/mysql_secure_installation      

10 配置防火牆 開啟3306端口

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT      

注:若沒有安裝相關依賴,可能會看到類似如下錯誤。錯誤的結尾給出了各系統對應的依賴包,安裝後需要清除cmake 緩存,直接删除CMakeCache.txt 檔案,重新配置編譯即可

-- Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):

  Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,

      remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.

預設初始化資料庫後,需要修改my.cnf配置檔案相關配置為實際值

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/morrowind/1874491